Chapter 114: Taxation
On the road leading to Chaoyangli in Kamihara Township, a lone car drove slowly.
The car was dyed with black paint, revealing the simple and depressed character of the Qin people, and the two horses, one black and one red, moved the horse's hooves and moved steadily under the control of the emperor.
"It's good to have a bus, not only to save money, but also to be comfortable."
Zhao Tuo sat in the car, his whole body relaxed.
As far as he knew, the matter of King Qin's destruction of Wei would not be until next year's spring ploughing.
Qin planned to destroy Wei quickly before the autumn harvest next year, and after the autumn harvest, he could levy a large army to go south to attack Chu, preparing to deal with the two great powers of Wei and Chu in a very short time.
Such an offensive was very ferocious, showing that the entire Qin State was immersed in an extremely confident mood.
Within a few years, he conquered the Three Kingdoms of Han, Zhao and Yan, which can be called a surprise to the whole world, how can it not make people proud and complacent.
Although Zhao Tuo was named by Li Xin and taken to Chu, the matter was still very far away.
Zhao Tuo's current idea is to take one step at a time and finish the New Year. After putting aside all kinds of messy thoughts, his whole person was completely relaxed.
Looking out of the car window, Zhao Tuo saw that the road leading to the township was full of farmers carrying bamboo baskets, which were filled with this year's harvested grain.
"Pay the taxes."
Zhao Tuo nodded slightly, the calendar of the Zhou Dynasty is the New Year in November.
However, the Qin State took a characteristic road, and the country implemented the Zhuan calendar with Jianhai Mengdong as the first year, that is, the first day of October in the lunar calendar is the first day of the Lunar New Year, and the New Year will be celebrated in October.
In this case, the government has to collect the people's taxes in September, and in October, they will carry out the work of calculating and judging, which is the so-called "tax and rent in September".
Zhao Tuo's gaze swept over the faces of the pedestrians on the road, looking at their sad and helpless looks, and he couldn't help but feel pity.
Just like Fusu said in the side hall, since the eleventh year of the reign of King Qin, Wang Jian and Huan Qi were sent to attack Zhao, and during the ten years, Qin fought for many years, attacked Zhao five times, and it took nine years to wipe out Zhao, and Korea was destroyed in the middle, and then went north to attack Yan non-stop.
seems to have achieved fruitful results, Qin Wei Xuanhe, showing the fierceness of the Qin people to the world.
In fact, behind it is the blood and bones of countless Guanzhong disciples, although the army of the Qin State will also recruit the people of the six countries in the occupied area, but the real elite main force is still the local Qin people.
The continuous war not only caused many casualties among the Qin people in Guanzhong, but also many barren farmlands in Guanzhong.
For example, Zhao Tuo's army of cutting swallows went out in winter and came back in autumn, and a large number of young and middle-aged people directly missed spring ploughing. There is also the main force led by Wang Jian to destroy Zhao before, and it has not touched the family for two consecutive years.
Although the water conservancy in Guanzhong is good and the farmland is fertile, how good can the harvest in the fields be in the absence of so many strong laborers?
If the harvest is not good, it will not be good, but the tax that should be paid must not be less.
The taxes to be paid by the Qin people were first calculated according to the mouth money levied by the population.
By the beginning of the Han Dynasty, people between the ages of fifteen and fifty-six had to pay money, and each person was levied one hundred and twenty yuan per year.
Qin's oral endowment was heavier than that of Han, although there were remote and poor areas that would drop to the limit of forty yuan. However, in the vast hinterland, the per capita income is often more than 120 yuan, and the majority can even reach 180 yuan, and a family of five has to hand over 900 yuan a year, which is very frightening.
Qin rumors have clouds: Wei water is not washed, and the mouth is raised.
refers to the fact that the flesh and blood of the unjustly killed by the Weishui have not yet been washed, and the mouth endowment has come to take people's lives again.
During the reign of King Zhaoxiang of Qin, even the system of paying oral taxes for children was implemented, which led to the Qin people to congratulate when they heard that someone in the family of relatives, friends and neighbors had died, and when they heard that a child was born in the family of relatives and friends, they went to ask questions.
This is "Congratulations to the Death and Hanging Life", and everything arises from the mouth.
Therefore, some impoverished Qiantou and the atmosphere of killing children and resisting endowments have been derived.
If you can't pay the money, then kill the child, so that you can pay less money.
Qin's law stipulates that parents should kill their children.
is the city", but "don't listen to the public notice", I don't know if there is also this factor.
There is also a clause in the Qin law: "If his son is born and has a monster and kills him incompletely, do not sin".
It means that if the child you give birth to is a deformed child who looks like a monster, you can kill it in the open, which is not a crime. I think there is also a reason why one more child has to pay an extra penny.
In addition to the fixed oral endowment, sometimes miscellaneous endowments are added, which belongs to the temporary addition of additional branches, which is even more fatal.
Of course, in addition to the capitation tax, the most important thing is the land rent and manuscript tax levied according to the number of acres.
Among them, according to the law, the manuscript tax is 3 stones per hectare of land and 2 stones.
The so-called stubble, which was used as fodder for horses and fuel for fires, was a very important strategic material in this era.
It's okay to write the manuscript, after all, people can't eat, and the real thing is the land rent.
The land rent of the Qin State is not calculated according to the percentage of the later generations, although it is said to be "tithe one", but when it is actually collected, it is not charged according to the yield of grain per mu in your own field.
Rather, the government calculates an average number based on the grain output of a certain range and time, and determines the standard amount of land rent per mu according to the land rent rate at that time, which is a fixed value.
In this way, there is a big problem.
Because the fertility and barrenness of the fields of each household are different, some people can get a share of the fields, some people get a share of the middle fields, and some people get a share of the fields.
Those who go to the field can produce 6 stones per mu, those who are in the middle field can produce 4 stones per mu, and those who go down to the field can produce only 2 or 3 stones per mu.
In this case, the same amount of land rent is paid.
Those who go to the field are more than enough, but those who can share the land are so miserable.
And there are also two very strict regulations, one is that "no reclamation and no reclamation" must pay taxes, the land is there, whether you plant or not, you must pay the prescribed land rent according to the number of acres.
The second is that "the land is not in surplus, and its tax is necessary."
Unlike in the past, taxes were levied entirely on the basis of the amount of land, under this regulation, even if your family did not grant 100 acres of land, you must pay taxes according to the amount of 100 acres of land.
Even if you only have 10 acres of land at home, you have to pay 100 acres of land rent!
It is to avoid servitude and escape for the poor, and for the rich to merge and be free.
Zhao Tuo saw that the grain in someone's bamboo basket fell into the soil on the road, and the man knelt on the ground, picked up a grain of grain from the soil, blew off the dust, and carefully put it back.
"Qianshou has a hard life."
Zhao Tuo was a little uncomfortable, sat back in the car, and didn't want to look at it anymore.
He remembered the answer in the side hall of the Qin Palace that day.
The Qin Wangzheng has the intention of sweeping the world, encompassing the universe, encompassing the four seas, and annexing the eight wildernesses.
In his eyes, the whole world, the great emperor is high, but he can't see the humble Qiantou commoners begging for food under his feet.
Zhao Tuo didn't dare to disobey him, and said what Qin Wangzheng liked to answer.
But in Zhao Tuo's heart, it is naturally very important to unify the world, and China must be unified.
But why don't these Qiantou people deserve attention?
Coming from later generations, he knows best the power contained in these common people.
"Since I have come to this era, I should not only seek glory for myself, but also bring change to the common people of this era."
Zhao Tuo muttered to himself, his heart suddenly opened up at this moment.