Chapter 111 Laying Out the World (II)
"Since ancient times, there has been no agriculture, no stability, no work, no life, no business, no wealth. If a country excludes any of them, these three complement each other, so that they can drive the country's economy and revitalize the finances of the imperial court......"
Under the warm candlelight, Gao Wei sat casually on the couch and talked.
"It's not that the trade situation in our dynasty is bad, on the contrary, I found that the trade situation in our dynasty is very considerable, so I have the idea of using commerce to revitalize handicrafts and agriculture......
"Once the country's economy is revitalized, it will stimulate the development of other industries, thereby stimulating the rise of a series of related vassal industries, so that the vitality of the country will be completely stimulated, and the income of the imperial court will also grow steadily......
In this way, Gao Yanzong, who was not interested in internal affairs at all, gradually came to his senses, and suddenly, many hazy concepts arose, and he probably understood the emperor's thinking. And Fang Yanqian thought a little deeper:
"The minister understands, Your Majesty, what do you mean is that you don't need to interfere too much with the market, you only need to occasionally intervene to balance the market, and the court only needs to collect taxes according to the ledger?"
Gao Wei nodded: "Yes, but it's not all right...... Forget it, it's too early to tell you about that...... You just need to remember not to interfere with the market too much, only intervene when necessary, the government can be the arbiter, what to do is to maintain the rules, not to destroy it! All you have to do is to strengthen the supervision, and the rest of the time you can wait for the tax to be collected according to the ledger...... Too much intervention can upset the balance...... Then the whole trade will collapse! ”
Although Fang Yanqian didn't know what the collapse meant, he could roughly understand it in combination with what His Majesty said.
In fact, in the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, relatively perfect business rules have been established, and there is no need for the imperial court to make another move and set up a different rule.
Even in Cushman & Wakefield's view, this economic rule is really full of loopholes, but every era has a rule that applies to the era, and when it is still useful, don't break it, it is too advanced, sometimes it is too radical, and it will cause a big mess.
"When everything is ripe, it's time to get the fruit...... "Cushman laughs." But first of all, we need to establish those are the regulatory departments, what are the specific responsibilities, those who are responsible for auditing, those who are responsible for tax collection, and those who are responsible for reporting market disputes to the government. ”
This must be established, and this is the basis for the imperial court's macroeconomic regulation and control of the market.
Don't think that the ancients all looked down on businessmen, it is true that businessmen have no status, but it does not mean that they do not attach importance to business. The establishment of a monitoring department in the market is not unique to Cushman & Wakefield.
During the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties, the market was prosperous, especially the capital city of Jiankang was developed in commerce and trade.
The huge benefits brought by business have made everyone from the royal family to the common people grinding their fists and their eyes are hot. It is because of this huge interest that the imperial court attaches great importance to the development of commerce and trade, and the imperial court has a variety of officials in the market.
So, how can commerce, as the imperial court that controls the country, benefit from it?
The answer is to set up a dedicated market management department.
The people who really hold the power to survive in the market are the local governments. It is the responsibility of the local government to monitor and rectify the market. The local market is managed and controlled by the local government.
The chief executive who manages the market is the "city order" and "mayor", which are also known as the "Taishi order".
The authority of the "Taishi Order" in the market is very high. The small people and merchants who are mixed in the market may not know who the assassin is, but they definitely know the Taishi market. Without him, because this Taishi order is to walk around the market every day and remind you of the people who should pay taxes.
"Taxes should not be too high, I have said that all merchants from all countries, as long as they pay a certain proportion of taxes according to the value of the goods with the relevant certificates, can trade freely in the area specified by Daqi. Regardless of whether they are their own people or merchants of other countries, they shall pay taxes according to the same rules as long as they enter the mutual market, and if there is any excess of trade, or for other purposes, they may be sent to the state capital and handled separately, and the tax shall be collected at its discretion......"
The collection of commercial taxes was an important part of the imperial court's management of the market. This is naturally an important part of the city's order.
The chain reaction brought about by the development of commerce is that there are many types of taxes for commercial tax.
So what taxes were there at that time? There are city rent, tax assessment, Guanjin tax, cattle tax, truss tax, in addition to the Chen Dynasty and other imperial courts also frequently levy extra-tax taxes. Heavy taxation and excessive involvement of the imperial court made commerce gradually become lifeless and unprofitable, and gradually became like a stagnant water.
This was the attitude of the Southern Dynasties towards commercial taxes. Comparatively speaking, the Northern Wei court was more far-sighted in managing the market.
To enter the market under the rule of the Northern Wei Dynasty, you only need to pay a symbolic copper coin. The easy tax amount gave the people more living space and also promoted the vigorous rise of commerce in the Northern Wei Dynasty.
Cushman & Wakefield has reconciled the taxation patterns of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and generally does not want to put too much pressure on merchants and civilians. However, the work is more refined, from the symbolic receipt of a copper plate, to the registration according to the number of goods before and after, after verifying the account book, and then collecting taxes according to a certain percentage.
"It is necessary to pay attention to the management, the household registration of merchants and the order of the market must be unified!"
Businessmen and non-businessmen should naturally be treated differently. Otherwise, it is difficult to manage. Merchants have their own household registration. The imperial court gave them a special household registration for management, and their household registration was called "city registration".
With the "city registration", the imperial court was able to accurately grasp the identity of the small merchants in the market.
The market management department has built a bell and drum tower, which stipulates a unified opening and closing time by hitting the bell and drumming.
"It is necessary to use the scales issued by the imperial court as a measuring tool, and do not use other scales without permission.
Scales are an indispensable weighing tool to ensure fair trade, but its emergence is really helpless.
Where there are people, there are rivers and lakes, and in the same way, where there is commerce and trade, there is a shortage of catties and shortages. Because there are often businessmen who are short of pounds and sellers, and sellers cheat, they often cause disputes between buyers and them. Seriously disrupted market order.
Therefore, in order to ensure the fairness of the transaction and maintain the market order, Gao Huan once ordered: "The cities of the prefectures, counties, and counties in the world shall each have two names and hang them at the city gate.
With a uniform weighing tool, market transactions can be made fairer. Reduce trade disputes. This is also something to be aware of.
"In addition, it is not allowed to sell salt and iron without permission, and those who violate the order will be regarded as complicit and will be killed!"
For the sale of salt and iron that endangers the safety of state power, Cushman & Wakefield naturally has to hold it tightly in the palm of his hand and never waver.
The trading of salt and iron can bring huge profits. The imperial court attached great importance to the monopoly of salt and iron, which was the main source of state revenue, and it was strictly forbidden for the people to operate privately.
However, the huge profits brought about by the salt and iron trade still drive many people to take risks and participate in private trading.
Cushman & Wakefield will never tolerate this kind of behavior!
After Fang Yanqian listened to Gao Wei's instructions one by one, he had already made his direction clear. Cushman & Wakefield narrowed the scope a lot, which means that as long as these few things are guaranteed, then some of the remaining affairs can be left to him. But he still had doubts:
"Your Majesty, the trade between countries is not a trivial matter, some people make money, some people will lose money, Your Majesty thinks that it is still not suitable for our dynasty to trade with Nanchen, and we should cooperate with the Turkic Khitan, so that our dynasty can ensure the greatest interests."
He didn't think that the mutual market was bad, he just opposed the imperial court and the Nanchen mutual market.
"What we have, the Southern Dynasty has everything except war horses, and we don't have any advantage in trade...... Unlike the Turkic Khitan, a barbarian land, there is a lack of materials, and our dynasty can sell the materials as much as possible...... Your Majesty, we must carefully consider the opening of this mutual market with the Southern Dynasties......"
Gao Wei smiled indifferently and said: "You don't have to worry about this, now we have no goods in Daqi except for war horses, which can attract merchants from the Southern Dynasty, but what if a new industry appears in our dynasty?" As long as this mutual market is in circulation, we can always get enough profits...... "Cushman & Wakefield still has one card to play.
"Your Majesty, are we really going to sell the war horse? The minister felt that it was inappropriate......" Gao Yanzong thought about it, and finally chose to say it, "First, Nan Chen is so eager to want war horses, it is nothing more than to make up for the shortcomings of the incomplete troops, and the minister thinks that after Nan Chen achieves his goal, he may not choose to continue to form an alliance with our dynasty, in case they want to cross the river...... Second, our army also needs excellent war horses, please think twice! ”
Gao Wei said: "I understand what you mean, but this is a transaction, how can there be any loss in this world who doesn't eat up and wants to take advantage?"
"Of course I won't give them stallions, I'll only give them castrated inferior horses......"
"However, didn't Your Majesty make it clear that the people sell horses on their own?" Fang Yanqian was stunned for a moment and asked.
Gao Wei smiled and said, "I promised to let the people sell horses independently, but I didn't promise not to let us see them before selling, and if we don't pass it, we can't sell them all, otherwise, why would I set up a regulatory agency?"
"Besides, with Nan Chen's conditions, what's the use of having more war horses? Do they have horse grazing? I bought a war horse, how to place it? Just hoarding and raising it is enough to cost countless silver dollars...... Can they afford it? ”
"Asking if the war horse can make a profit, I can say it responsibly,...... OK! Gao Wei smiled, "For example, I bought the best fox skins from the Turks, and then, he can also go to Huainan to sell these fox skins at a higher price, anyway, the Turks can only do business in Jinyang, and the Southern Dynasty can only do business in Huainan, they can't trade directly, everything has to go through us, and we don't lose ......."
Fang Yanqian and Gao Yanzong's eyes changed when they looked at the emperor, and in addition to awe, they also carried an inexplicable emotion. Your Majesty's hand is really black...... This is the highest level of greed for money!
"After a year, when our treasury is sufficient, it is not us who look at their faces, they all have to look at our faces!"
After Gao Yanzong's analysis, he felt that this plan was promising!
At this time, Liu Taozhi came in silently and handed a silk book to Gao Wei: "Your Majesty, this is a battle report!"
Liu Taozhi wanted to speak and stopped, but finally didn't say anything and retreated silently. Gao Wei suddenly had a bad feeling in his heart, opened the silk book and glanced at it a few times, and then his face gradually became solemn.
"Yu Wenxian attacked Fenbei, more than 7,000 people under Mo Duo Lou Xianjing's department, and the whole army was wiped out ......!" Under the light, the emperor's fair-skinned and handsome face was a little deep, Gao Yanzong and Fang Yanqian were both shocked, Gao Wei took a deep breath and calmed down the surging mood, "Go, pass on my will, summon the deputy privy envoys Hu Luxian and Tang Yong to meet ......!" ”