Chapter 226: Means of Combating Nuclear Radiation
For the young man in front of him, Qi Zhongxing had admiration in his heart.
As a nuclear energy worker, he knows how dangerous things like 'nuclear' really are.
When he was young, he participated in the manufacture of two bombs, and Mr. Deng, who was the meritorious service of the two bombs, died due to nuclear radiation, and even his urine had produced extremely strong radioactivity before his death, and the whole person was in pain.
At that time, Mr. Deng was only exposed to radiation from the fragments of the nuclear bomb that had not yet fully started the chain reaction.
In contrast, spent fuel rods taken from nuclear power plants have a higher radiation intensity, more than ten times.
The courage to study such an extremely dangerous item, regardless of whether it can be successful, is admirable.
.....
On the side, Xu Chuan didn't think about it so much.
The research and reuse of nuclear waste is a job that he has done in his last life.
If you want to talk about danger, there is indeed it, but it is not as exaggerated as Qi Zhongxing and others imagined.
It is true that nuclear waste is very polluting, and the intense radiation is also terrifying, but it is not without solutions.
For example, heavy metal materials such as radiation-proof concrete, lead, and steel are used as containers to preserve nuclear waste or protect against radiation.
For example, the reason why lead can isolate radiation is that it has a tight structure and a high density; It can effectively prevent rays from passing through, and can well block X-rays and various radioactive rays.
In hospitals, when doctors make X-ray fluoroscopy diagnoses, they are often protected by a lead plate on their chests; Personnel working in atomic reactors also often wear large aprons containing lead.
This is the main method currently used by countries to preserve nuclear waste or protect against radiation – using the high density of the material to resist the impact of strong radiation.
Theoretically, any material with a high density can be used to protect against radiation.
Osmium, for example, is much denser than lead. Lead is 11.3437 g/cm3 and osmium is 22.59 g/cm3, more than double as much.
Osmium is theoretically better than lead in making protective clothing, but correspondingly, such a set of protective clothing may be several tons to wear.
This, combined with the fact that osmium is much more valuable than lead, makes it unsuitable for use as a radiation protection material.
In contrast, a few dollars can buy a pound of lead, which is cheap and can play a role, is undoubtedly more suitable.
However, traditional lead materials also have their own disadvantages when dealing with nuclear radiation.
For example, the current lead shielding material is difficult to wrap in use, the operator receives high irradiation dose, and the safety quality and effect of shielding are difficult to guarantee.
These shortcomings make it difficult for lead materials to cope perfectly with the impact of nuclear radiation.
In this traditional confrontation thinking, Xu Chuan adjusted the way of thinking about dealing with radiation impact.
Instead of thinking about using traditional high-density materials to cope with radiation impact, he turned to other areas.
What makes nuclear radiation so scary is that it can ionize or excite matter.
Ultimately, nuclear radiation is a stream of high-energy, microscopic particles released by the nucleus of an atom as it transitions from one structure or one energy state to another.
These energetic particles have extremely strong penetrating power, and after the lattice atoms of the nuclear structure material are impacted by them, the collided atoms will be displaced, and the position of the original lattice matrix becomes a vacancy.
Due to the existence of these large number of irradiation defects, when the plastic deformation of nuclear energy materials is subjected to external loads, the movement of their internal dislocations will be affected by the irradiation defects, thereby changing their mechanical properties to a great extent.
Such as hardening, embrittlement, creep, fatigue and so on.
This is the so-called material irradiation effect, and it is the main reason why nuclear waste is currently difficult to dispose of.
Because there is no material that can resist the spent fuel of high-intensity radiation for a long time.
For the human body, the subtle high-energy particles in nuclear radiation, like bullets, will act on the human DNA when the stream hits the human body, interrupt the DNA chain, and physiologically terminate the metabolism of normal cells.
For the human body, cells also have to be metabolized, old cells die, the human body copies new cells according to DNA, but after nuclear radiation, the DNA is broken, and normal new cells cannot be made.
The specific manifestation is that the internal organs of the body are bleeding and incapacitating, and then the person will follow the fart.
Here's where nuclear radiation is terrifying, it's like a sharp scalpel that can disassemble materials at the atomic level.
Lead is resistant to radiation because it has a high density and can block most of the microscopic particles without being disassembled in a short period of time.
And apart from this method, is there any other means to combat the scalpel of nuclear radiation?
Yes!
For example, the 'atomic cycle' technology!
This is a new method that Xu Chuan found in his previous life for nearly three years.
The harm of nuclear radiation lies in its strong ionization ability, which can destroy the grain boundaries and structure of traditional materials, and lead to embrittlement, weakening and loss of characteristics of materials.
But what if there was a material whose grain boundary structure could be repaired at a rate that could keep up with the ionizing capacity of nuclear radiation?
So does it mean that it can perfectly intercept nuclear radiation?
And the 'atomic cycle technology' is based on this theory.
In his past research work, Xu Chuan found a material - 'crystalline erbium zirconate'.
This material can be adapted to this theory almost perfectly.
It can not only withstand the strong attack of radiation, but also quickly complete self-repair after the grain boundary is ionized, and re-condense into a stable grain boundary structure.
The main materials that make up the crystalline erbium zirconate, erbium zirconate and erbium titanate, can resist radiation for a long time through the continuous movement of atoms inside the material.
Ceramics made from this material can preserve nuclear waste for at least 100,000 years.
Subsequently, Xu Chuan developed a series of anti-radiation materials along this route to cope with nuclear radiation.
This is the basis of the mechanism technology for the aggregation and conversion of nuclear energy β radiant energy.
With these technologies and materials, Xu Chuan dared to face the nuclear waste head-on, and directly turned the originally extremely dangerous nuclear waste into a tiger in the paper lake.
.......
After staying at the construction site for a few days and discussing with Chief Engineer Qi to determine the functions and style of some research institutes, Xu Chuan returned to Jinling.
The institute is under construction, and the first ten researchers who have been recruited are familiar with the paper "Mechanism of nuclear energy β radiation energy accumulation and conversion of electrical energy".
Over the next month, he had time to do his own thing.
In Nanda, in Chen Zhengping's office, Xu Chuan was holding two documents in his hand and was flipping through them.
On the other side, Chen Zhengping opened his mouth with hot tea and introduced: "The research institute you want, I have already found it for you." ”
"However, due to your limited budget and the fact that not all research institutes are willing to sell, there are not many research institutes I can find here."
"After selection, the two you have are more suitable."
"The first research institute is called 'Zijin Composite Materials Research Laboratory', which is small in scale, covering an area of about 50 acres, and there are not many scientific researchers, only less than 20 at present. However, it also has research qualifications for carbon materials and polymer membrane materials, and also has some equipment, with a quotation of 13 million. ”
"The second one is called the 'Institute of Advanced Polymer Materials', which is larger, covering an area of about 100 acres, and has nearly 40 doctoral and master's students. It is mainly engaged in the synthesis, application research and development and product development of polymer energy membrane materials. ”
"However, it lacks research capabilities in the field of carbon materials, mainly because it does not have talents and perfect equipment in this area, and the qualifications are there. The offer is in the twenty-one million. ”
"You can take a look at these two institutes, and if it's not suitable, I'll look for it."
In order to find a suitable research institute, Chen Zhengping can also be said to have taken great pains.
During this time, he looked at more than double-digit research materials, and finally picked out these two from them.
He is an academician, and the scientific research projects he usually presides over are at the level of tens of millions, but he personally selects the materials research institute that can be purchased with 20 million funds, and to do this, he can only say that there is nothing else except love.
After carefully reading the two materials in his hand, Xu Chuan said: "Let's be the first 'Zijin Composite Materials Research Laboratory'." It doesn't matter if the institute is small, qualifications and equipment are sufficient. ”
Chen Zhengping nodded and said, "Okay, then I'll arrange Fan Pengyue to help you deal with this matter, and if you talk about the price, you should be able to press it down a little more." ”
Hearing this, Xu Chuan's heart moved, and he asked, "Senior Brother Fan is still in NTU?" ”
Chen Zhengping said 'um', and then said: "He is now a postdoctoral student, and he is about to be promoted to assistant, what, do you have an idea?" ”
Xu Chuan said with a smile: "I have other things on my side, and I may not have much time to manage my own research institute.......
Chen Zhengping's eyelids jumped, at first he thought that Xu Chuan wanted to dig Fan Pengyue into his research institute, but he didn't expect that the digging person guessed, but the position was completely wrong.
He thought he was a researcher, but he was a full-fledged researcher, but it turned out to be a manager.
The gap is huge.
If a scientific researcher takes the management route to advance, he will not be able to sit in the position of supervisor at all if he has not been in ten or eight years.
This is still a small and medium-sized research institute, and if it is a large research institute or a scientific research institution with a national background, the time will be longer.
Now that Xu Chuan is digging Fan Pengyue, he is directly starting to be a supervisor or even higher, which has saved him at least eight years of time.
Although Fan Pengyue is currently following him in postdoctoral research, he has access to a lot of scientific research resources and projects.
But it's not bad to follow Xu Chuan.
As the first Chinese Fields Medal winner, Xu Chuan will definitely not get less resources, scientific research funds and scientific research projects than he is an academician.
In contrast, one is a postdoctoral fellow, and it will take a long time to be promoted to professor; The other is to manage a research institute, which can be described as a step to the sky.
Which one to choose, everyone knows.
It's just that Fan Pengyue can hold up this burden?
Chen Zhengping didn't think about whether to let people go or not, what he considered was whether Fan Pengyue's ability could help Xu Chuan support this research institute.
Compared with Fan Pengyue, who is now thirty years old and still studying for a postdoctoral fellow, Chen Zhengping undoubtedly values and likes Xu Chuan more, and he spares no effort to help Xu Chuan.
With this in mind, he asked questions.
Xu Chuan smiled and said, "Senior Brother Fan is still very good, you have learned a lot from your mentor, and you have learned a lot of some projects over the years, isn't he helping to manage many of your projects over the years." I believe in his abilities. ”
After a pause, he continued: "It's just that the research institute on my side is not large, and the total assets of 20 million are not enough to mentor you for a scientific research project." I hope Senior Brother Fan won't dislike me, the institute is too small. ”
Chen Zhengping thought for a while and said, "In this way, I'll call him and ask him to come over." ”
Xu Chuan was not polite, and said with a smile: "Trouble the teacher." ”
Picking up the wool of the mentor, he is almost to the extreme.
The institute was found with the help of Chen Zhengping, not to mention, the managers had to dig it from him.
If you change someone, you probably would have been blasted out with a broom a long time ago.
........
After receiving Chen Zhengping's call, Fan Peng rushed over in a hurry.
"Little junior brother, you're back!"
In the office, Fan Pengyue saw Xu Chuan on the side and greeted him in surprise.
Xu Chuan looked Fan Pengyue's increasingly fat body up and down, and said with a smile: "Master Xiong seems to have had a very good life in the past two years." ”
On the side, Chen Zhengping also smiled and said: "This guy is becoming more and more like a bear, and if he grows more meat, he will really become a bear." ”
Hearing this, Fan Pengyue smiled and scratched his head.
In terms of body shape, he has indeed gained a lot of weight recently, and when he reaches thirty, he can't help himself.
But he's a Northeast man, isn't it normal for him to be a little stronger?
After laughing and teasing a few sentences, Xu Chuan turned to the topic and expressed his thoughts.
Listening to Xu Chuan's invitation, Fan Pengyue was surprised at first, then surprised, and then confused.
He glanced at Xu Chuan, then at Chen Zhengping, and replied cautiously: "That, junior brother, I am still following my mentor as a postdoctoral fellow, and I am directly taking over the management of an research institute, I am afraid I don't have such ability." ”
】
If you want to say that you are excited, in the face of the conditions proposed by Xu Chuan, no one will not be moved.
The institute is small, but it's full of organs.
On the one hand, it takes several years to be promoted to a professor at NTU, and on the other hand, it is directly to the peak of life, and no one will not be impressed.
But in front of his mentor, Fan Pengyue didn't agree directly, after all, Chen Zhengping treated him very well.
Xu Chuan said with a smile: "I have already told the teacher just now, although it is not good to dig up my own teacher, but I lack a trustworthy person to help me, and I have no choice but to borrow someone from the teacher." ”
Chen Zhengping glanced at Xu Chuan and said, "You don't have to think much about it on my side, this is a good opportunity for you." It's better to follow Xu Chuan than to follow me. ”
Hearing this, Fan Pengyue took a deep breath and made up his mind: "Since this is the case, then I'll give it a try." ”
Xu Chuan smiled: "Welcome Senior Brother Fan to join~"
After a pause, he then looked at Chen Zhengping, and said cheekily: "Teacher, I also want to ask you to hang a consultant in the research institute, I don't know if it's inconvenient." ”
Chen Zhengping glanced at Xu Chuan angrily and said, "You kid, isn't it enough to poach Fan Pengyue?" Even my idea is beaten? ”
Xu Chuan said with a smile: "I'm not just getting started with materials science, and there are still a lot of things I don't understand, teacher, you can hang up a consultant, I can also follow you to continue to study, and be your student." ”
.......