Hearing Xu Chuan's words, the other three people in the office all looked over.

The efficiency of boiling water is indeed not the highest among the many power generation methods.

For example, supercritical carbon dioxide cycle technology and metals with large heat capacity can actually be used to generate electricity, and the efficiency is higher than boiling water.

However, in comparison, those technologies have their own shortcomings, such as the immaturity of supercritical carbon dioxide cycle technology, and the high temperature of metal liquefaction with large heat capacity.

Water is different, with a large heat capacity ratio, easy to obtain, non-toxic, suitable operating temperature and pressure, stable chemical properties, moderate density, etc., all kinds of advantages in one, and it is almost impossible to find a product that can replace it.

In general, the most cost-effective way for humans to use energy is to rely on heat energy conversion (work, boiling water) without any problems.

Noticing the gazes of the three of them, Xu Chuan smiled and said, "Actually, you don't need me to say, you all have the answer in your hearts." ”

Academician Hou Chengping smiled and said: "I have indeed considered, theoretically speaking, that power generation method should be very suitable for controlled nuclear fusion." ”

"However, at present, compared with the mature heat engine, it has lagged behind a lot in technology because it has withdrawn from the mainstream vision of the public before."

All of you are academicians and top experts in the field of nuclear energy. For the technology that was not expressed in Xu Chuan's words, the three of them naturally knew it.

In fact, before today's exchange, Hou Chengping and Wang Yongnian had discussed and exchanged things in this regard.

At present, aside from solar power generation, it can be said that all large-scale power generation methods basically convert different energy sources into kinetic energy through various means, and then drive generators to rotate to generate electricity.

Aside from this route, has there been any other way of generating electricity in the field of power generation?

The answer is yes.

As early as the nineteenth century, after Faraday proposed magnetohydrodynamics, the theory of magnetofluid power generation was proposed.

Moreover, the theory of ferrofluid power generation was not only proposed earlier, in fact, it was also applied quite early.

In 1959, the United States successfully developed an 11.5 kilowatt ferrofluid power generation test device.

Subsequently, in the mid-60s, the United States applied it to the military and built a magnetofluid power generation device as a pulse power supply for laser weapons and a power supply for wind tunnel tests.

Including the disintegrated Hongsu and small island countries, they have included magnetohydroelectric power generation as a national key energy project, and have achieved remarkable results.

In 1971, Hongsu built a ferrofluid-steam combined cycle test power station with an installed capacity of 75,000 kilowatts, of which 25,000 kilowatts were magnetofluid motors.

Subsequently, the world's first 500,000 kilowatt ferrofluid and steam combined power station was also established in Hongsu.

The fuel used in this power station is natural gas, which can supply both electricity and heat, and it can save more than 20% of fuel compared to ordinary thermal power plants.

Despite this, magnetofluid generators have not become popular all over the world.

At present, only a few countries have built ferrofluid power plants.

This is because the conditions for ferrofluid power generation are relatively harsh compared to traditional thermal power generation.

The so-called ferrofluid power generation technology refers to the direct heating of fuels (oil, natural gas, coal, nuclear energy, etc.) into easily ionized gases, so that they are ionized into plasma at high temperatures of more than 2,000 degrees Celsius or even 3,000 degrees Celsius.

These plasmas then cut the magnetic field lines as they flow at high speed in a magnetic field, further generating induced electromotive force.

This technology directly converts thermal energy into electric current without going through mechanical conversion, so it is called direct power generation, also known as plasma power generation technology.

At present, the ferrofluid power generation technology used in various countries is mainly coal and gas, and the required temperature is very high, which needs to reach about 3000 °C.

This temperature is quite difficult to achieve by coal or gas.

Because of technical reasons, coupled with the average economic benefits, it is not comparable to the traditional thermal power generation with technological progress, so it has gradually withdrawn from the public's field of vision.

However, ferrofluid technology has always been a hot focus of research in various countries.

The reason is simple, ferrofluid technology can be applied in military, aerospace, aviation, controlled nuclear fusion and other fields.

Listening to Academician Hou Chengping talk about the shortcomings of magnetohydroelectric power generation technology, Xu Chuan nodded with a smile and said: "Indeed, it is undeniable that magnetofluid power generation technology once withdrew from mainstream power generation technology. ”

"But it's also undeniable that in the first place, it wasn't actually intended for traditional fossil fuel combustion to generate electricity."

"Even nuclear fission cannot be adapted to magnetofluid power generation technology."

"Because it's too harsh on the temperature used to generate electricity."

"The high temperature of more than 3,000 degrees Celsius and the ionization of fuel to form plasma are almost impossible or difficult for most heat engines to do."

"For controlled fusion, however, it's fairly easy."

"Whether it's the helium ash coming out of the deflector or the heat we direct out of the first wall, it's easy to reach temperatures above 3,000 degrees."

"Fundamentally, the technology of ferrofluid power generation has been proposed from the very beginning, and it is compatible with controlled nuclear fusion."

On the other side, Hou Chengping nodded approvingly and said, "Indeed, it is very difficult to use other fuels to heat the temperature to more than three thousand degrees. Controlled nuclear fusion naturally has an advantage in this regard. ”

Xu Chuan smiled and continued: "In addition to magnetic fluid power generation, we can also equip the tail with 'ultra-supercritical heat engine generators' and 'supercritical heat engine generators'. ”

As he spoke, he got up and dragged a blackboard out of the corner of his office.

After removing a white piece of chalk from the chalk box, he sketched it on the chalkboard.

Starting from the demonstration reactor and channeling the thermal energy, the ferrofluid power generation technology is first passed along the pipeline, and then the derivation is carried out, and then through the "ultra-supercritical heat engine generator" and "supercritical heat engine generator" zone, drawing a structure similar to a production line, or a geothermal pipeline in the north.

In the office, Hou Chengping and the three of them got up and walked behind him and looked at the structural diagram on the blackboard.

Although the structure diagram is quite simple and not very standardized, this structure diagram clearly expresses the meaning inside.

Looking at the structural diagram drawn by Xu Chuan, Academician Hou Chengping praised with a smile: "Interesting, it seems that Academician Xu, you have already figured out how to use controlled nuclear fusion to generate electricity." ”

The combination of magnetofluid power generation technology and heat engine technology to make perfect use of the heat channeled from controlled nuclear fusion is something he and Academician Wang Yongnian have long considered.

After all, for the heat generated by a controllable nuclear fusion reactor, even a magnetofluid generator set cannot consume all the heat energy at once.

In this case, it is possible to deploy a conventional heat engine behind the ferrofluid generator set and continue to use the participating thermal energy.

On the side, Academician Wang Yongnian did not speak, he looked at the sketch on the blackboard and fell into thought with interest in his eyes.

On the sketch on the blackboard, he saw something new, more advanced than the combined generator set he had originally discussed with Hou Chengping.

The so-called 'ultra-supercritical heat engine generator' and 'supercritical heat engine generator' refer to the units in which the parameters of the working fluid in the boiler reach or exceed the critical pressure.

Generally speaking, the working fluid in the power generation boiler is water, the critical pressure of water is 22.129MPa, and the critical temperature is 374.15°C.

The boiling point of water from liquid to gaseous state is 100°C at one standard atmospheric pressure, and in order to increase the temperature of water vapor, it is necessary to increase the pressure to increase the boiling point temperature.

At a pressure of 22.115 MPa and a temperature of 374.15°C, the water vapor density is the same as that of liquid water, reaching a critical state. When both the temperature and pressure exceed the critical values, the water is in a supercritical state.

The use of supercritical water vapor to generate electricity is called supercritical power generation technology, and ultra-supercritical power generation is a higher stage than supercritical power generation technology.

At present, there is no international unified standard for the division of ultra-supercritical and supercritical.

However, in the national "863 Plan" project "ultra-supercritical coal-fired power generation technology", the ultra-supercritical parameters are set to a pressure ≥ 25 megapascals and a temperature ≥ 580 °C.

Looking at the structural diagram on the blackboard, Wang Yongnian looked at Xu Chuan with shimmering eyes, and said: "Use the residual heat of the ferrofluid unit to supply heat to the ultra-supercritical unit first; Then, through the circulating auxiliary heat pipeline and technology, the waste heat is further raised, and then the supercritical unit is heated. ”

"If needed, a subcritical heat engine can be added later."

"In this way, we can achieve the almost perfect use of controlled fusion heat, which is a perfect solution, much better than the combination unit we had conceived before!"

"I didn't expect Academician Xu to have such a deep research in traditional heat engine technology."

At this moment, he really admired the young man in front of him.

With his perennial experience immersed in the design of nuclear fission generator sets, after having the structural diagram pointed out, he naturally quickly figured out the corresponding core.

But for him, heat engine power generation technology is one of the most familiar fields.

However, in the field I am most familiar with, I was easily surpassed by others, and I made a better and more perfect plan, how can I not be convinced?

PS: Two more,There's a chapter in the evening.,Ask for a monthly pass to reward ヾ (≧▽≦*)o