246.Chapter 246: Heaven and Hell
In March of 1779, the weather gradually warmed up, and it seemed that the atmosphere thousands of meters away also felt the urgent desire of human beings on the ground to fight. Pen "Fun" Pavilion www.biquge.info So, today's spring is earlier than in previous years.
The Duchy of Mystia, west of the Vistula River, has begun spring ploughing. After William built his own large steel mill, all agricultural tools were already self-sufficient.
Although there are no tractors, combine harvesters, small gliders for spreading pesticides, etc. But basic sickles, hoes, rakes and plowshares were sufficient.
Because of the improvement of smelting technology, these pure steel agricultural tools have been popularized. It seems too much to say that it has "greatly promoted agriculture" or "greatly developed productivity". But it is a matter of course that it will have a role in promoting agriculture.
After a few years of training, the Hereford family has largely completed all of its agricultural reforms in the areas where it first began. Whether it is farmland water conservancy facilities, the use of green manure and manure, crop rotation, the use of new agricultural tools and new ploughs, and the use of ox ploughing instead of horse ploughing...... The serfs in these regions were already known and mastered.
At the same time, it benefited from the more relaxed policies of the Hereford family, as well as relatively low tax rates. The living conditions of the serfs were a little better than those of the yeoman farmers in other countries and regions.
It's like the theory that William always adhered to. You don't need to be the best, you just need to be "better". A happy life is actually comparative. Although it is said that from the perspective of future generations to the Hereford family, then William and the others are definitely bastards who need to be guillotined. But by looking at the miserable lives of the serfs, yeoman peasants, and even the small landlord class in the surrounding countries, the serfs under the Hereford family would feel that they were living in paradise.
First and foremost, they don't starve to death. Although they were still a little tight in the green and yellow seasons, they did not starve to death - this was enough to wipe out more than 80 percent of the agricultural population of the Old World.
After that, on the basis of "starvation", the serfs could reserve a little, a little food.
The grain could be purchased in the Hereford family's grocery stores in towns and villages, and in the bazaars, for daily necessities - or even luxury goods.
Of course, the "luxury" here does not mean things like silk, porcelain, jewelry, and diamonds. That kind of thing was very far away from the serfs, and it was out of reach.
The "luxury" for the serfs was meat, a little more delicate white bread, and some daily necessities - copper, iron, sturdy pots and pans, and durable textiles and cloth.
These "daily necessities" greatly enriched the lives of the serfs, improved the quality of life, and at the same time, also allowed the little surplus money in the hands of the serfs to flow to the hands of the Hereford family again.
Such a life, a life of starvation, a life of a little "luxury". It is the "rule of the world" under the rule of the Hereford family. A vertical comparison is not very good, but the horizontal comparison can make the serfs tearful "rule the world".
Moreover, in addition to "living well" on the territory of the Hereford family, the Hereford family also provided other ways for the serfs to "soar".
Become a soldier.
The Hereford family, which now implements a conscription system and a professional army system, has a very high status as a "soldier". The newly introduced Code of the Grand Duchy made it clear that the status of the soldiers of the New Army was between that of knights and yeoman farmers, and that of ordinary citizens and freemen. Lieutenant officers are equivalent to "knights".
Although this is only a "conversion formula" and not all soldiers are lucky enough to become "knights". But you can't stop them from thinking that for every hundred soldiers, there is probably one lieutenant. For every thousand soldiers, there is a chance that there will be a major.
In addition to the upward channel of "becoming a soldier", there is another channel that is also likely to get ahead -- that is, learning.
Public colleges at all levels owned by the Hereford family. Circassian University, as well as the Circassian Institute of Expertise and Technology, are open to the public. Tuition fees are not very high. After these students learn, they can at least get a "future". They were assigned to farms and pastures, or to caravans and factories. Some of the students with better grades are assigned to the public offices in various towns and cities to serve as the most basic civil servants...... The next step is to continue to study and work your way up the bureaucracy.
Although this "not very high tuition fee" is still difficult for serf families to afford. But the Hereford family's newest bank can offer bursary loans. Removing this point, there are also many "self-motivated" parents in the world, counting on their sons to get ahead.
The serfs worked hard, the workers worked hard. The children who provide for them are enrolled in public colleges in the middle and lower grades. Counting on their children to soar into the sky.
In fact, there are really a few lucky people from the grassroots. It was a real success -- Paul, the shepherd, was one of them.
When the Hereford family had only one dukedom, Paul the shepherd was lucky enough to get into the most basic class. He graduated with the first place in his career.
This illiterate man who has been herding sheep for more than ten years showed extremely high management skills in the following time. And was expected by William.
In the years that followed, Paul, the shepherd, played an important role in the reform of the Hereford family's pastoral business. The ranch he controlled was extremely successful. At present, due to the lack of population, the good pasture on the Hereford family's territory cannot be exported to earn foreign exchange. But Paul was off to a good start.
This lucky guy was eventually promoted by William to the position of Deputy Minister of Agriculture in the Grand Duchy, specializing in animal husbandry.
From a shepherd who herded sheep for others, he became a high-ranking official of a powerful country and won the title of knighthood. The story of Paul, the shepherd, is legendary. It inspires countless poor boys who love to daydream and climb up.
In addition to Paul, a large number of other low-born guys have also paid off in the expansion of the Hereford family. There is one or two of these lucky people in every neighbouring village - and these people have at least heard of them, if not before. Listening to the people I know are now so "promising". The encouragement to the serfs was naturally very great.
This ensured the enthusiasm of the serfs and their positive attitude. This is very important for an emerging country.
Of course, this kind of life is not satisfactory to everyone.
The small landowners and aristocrats under the rule of the Hereford family felt very depressed.
The Hereford family's attitude towards them is not too good, and certainly not too bad. The most important point is that the Hereford family's superb farming skills have caused them to lose almost all of their market competitiveness.
The crops produced on their land are scarce and require more labor. And under the impact of the Heritford family's large amount of grain, their produce can hardly be sold for much money. This is not stingy for the small nobles and small landlords, whose entire economic resources depend on agricultural land, and they are not hesitant to end the world.
Yes, they still have serfs, they still have land, they still own the means of production - but the problem is that these things cannot be exchanged for money.
Of course, some people may want to say that it doesn't matter if you can't get the money. At least they don't starve to death.
But for the aristocracy and the landlord class, what they pursued was not "starvation". They had to live in luxury—at least more luxury—than the serfs, more than the ordinary people.
The aristocracy and the gentry and landlords had to compete with each other. Need to live a life worthy of their title of nobility, even if it's just a knight or a knight. They need those delicious pastries, white bread that is finely crafted. Wine and fancy costumes and jewellery imported from abroad - but the problem is that it all takes money - and they don't have it.
On the land controlled by the Hereford family, a large number of gentry landlords and minor nobles were affected by the agrarian reform and began to go bankrupt. And the land, the means of production, the serfs under their control, were naturally bought by the Hereford family at a relatively cheap price. It was then merged into farms managed by professional farm stewards and agronomists to carry out agricultural reforms.
All of this is playing out on the land under the control of the Hereford family. And with the passage of time, there is a trend of intensification. At the same time, this change and impact has also quickly spread to neighboring land.
In the Grand Duchy of Mazovia, the Hereford family steadily expanded their territory. With this gentle, non-violent, and gentle drizzle, the territory and property of the small nobles who are not competitive enough are brutally annexed.
The power of the agricultural revolution is gradually emerging before the eyes of the world. With the development of this trend. The power of the Hereford family is also growing in their control over their territory.
At the same time, however, the conflicts between the Hereford family and the small and medium-sized landlords, the aristocracy and the gentry class also increased...... Although these people have no money, no power, no means - and even these people have no reason - and even many of them do not understand even the most basic truths.
But at the bottom of the line, they still know.
That is, under the rule of the Hereford family, they had a terrible life.
Just know this, that's enough.