In ancient times, the concept of nation existed, but it was not much.

During the Southern Song Dynasty, in the north occupied by the Jin Dynasty, the Han uprising against the Jin and Song Dynasty was carried out from beginning to end.

Even in the Song Dynasty, a special class was formed, all of which wanted to recover China.

Earlier, Huayi's distinction was the so-called "people who are not of my tribe, their hearts must be different".

Including Zhu Yuanzhang shouted: "Expelle the Tartars and restore China".

These are the precursors of nationalism.

Although most of the peasants at the bottom are illiterate and do not know the distinction of Huayi, they can pass on their stories by word of mouth, tell stories and operas, and teach by word and deed, which has formed the most simple and primitive nationalism in the minds of the peasants, even if this nationalism is still very imperfect.

Perhaps these low-level peasants may not even fully understand which nationality they are, but when bows and arrows and broadswords are cut on themselves, when horse manure falls on the rice fields, he must know that he must not be in the same group as the people on the horses!

But why not much, the reason is simple.

In ancient times, the Japanese, Persians, and Koreans could go to the central court to be officials, and they were not a minor official, and this kind of thing is very unimaginable today.

In addition, foreign invasion can rule China, which is still impossible to exist today when nationalism is germinating.

The reason for this situation is that the vast majority of civilians are illiterate, even food and clothing are a problem, and they do not have much recognition or pride in their own identity, so they are very numb to the rule of foreign races, and there is not much resistance at all, and they are mostly passively involved in it and drift with the flow.

Plainly

There is not much difference between the exploitation of oneself by the foreign lord and the lord of the own clan, in such a situation, if you want most people to risk their lives to resist, and then continue to exploit you, how can there be such a good thing?

If you want to awaken the people at the bottom, let them completely remember the concept of nation, and make alien rule completely a thing of the past, then you must be sincere and good to them, and then continue to promote and deepen the concept of nationality into the hearts of everyone.

Su Che's sacrifice to meritorious deeds and martyrs is to pave the way, plant the seeds of the national concept, and let everyone know what is right and what is worth remembering.

The major affairs of the country are in worship and Rong.

Using sacrifice to change ideology is the simplest and most direct way.

But that's not enough.

It also needs to be repeatedly preached and taught over time.

In addition, it is necessary to make the people's lives better, so that they can have a sense of identity and belonging to their own nation.

Only in this way can the concept of the nation be deepened.

Su Che is doing this kind of thing.

A whip law, and financial reform, is just that.

With the deepening of a whip method, the treasure money of the Ming Dynasty has completely become currency, and is no longer a tool for harvesting leeks.

As the credibility of the treasure banknote continues to improve, it has reached an unprecedented height, which means that further operations can be carried out, such as a certain scale of water discharge.

The so-called release of water means that the central government of the imperial court prints more money out.

This is the same thing that Zhu Yuanzhang did before, they are all cutting leeks, but there are some differences.

In the past, Zhu Yuanzhang was fishing with all his might.

What Su Che is ready to do is to fish with sustainability as much as possible.

There is an essential difference between the two.

The dedication to sustainability is a bit undesirable, but in the end, it has a positive impact.

As long as the water is properly discharged, it can directly stimulate the economy, promote development, and produce a positive cycle.

The principle is also very simple.

When the currency is widely recognized, and money is constantly printed, then everyone has more money in their hands, and they will be more willing to spend and invest, and the economy will be boosted.

Although the continuous release of water will allow the economy to take off and prosper, it will also have some negative effects.

For example, the financial crisis, and then the Great Depression.

The risks in these areas can have serious consequences.

But in the end, as long as the pros outweigh the cons, there is nothing wrong with that.

In the blink of an eye, a few days later.

With the support of Southern Confucius Wenxuangong, Su Che implemented his own policies related to the concept of nationality, teaching the people to understand "what is a nation".

He began to lay the mark of a nation.

This matter will certainly not have much effect at the beginning, but as long as it continues and accumulates over time, it will eventually form the mark of a nation!

This matter was not blocked, and the relevant decree was carried out with ease.

The reason is also very simple, whether it is Kong Xilu, the Duke of Wenxuan, or those ministers of the imperial court, they do not realize the importance of this matter, they don't think there is anything at all, since the emperor wants to do it, then there is no need to stop it.

Time flies, and the years flow quietly like water.

In a blink of an eye, it was half a year later.

In the past half a year, Su Che has been waiting for an opportunity, and he has tested a lot of results one after another.

Su Che implemented his new policy on a small scale, looked at the results of the experiment, and then decided whether to implement it based on the results.

And the results were very good, which also put Su Che at ease.

At this moment, when the time was ripe, Su Che did not hesitate and started a drastic reform again.

The preliminary preparation and testing have been done to the extreme - in this case, the time for a change has come!

In the first item of reform, Su Che went one step further in the reform of a whip law and directly carried out land reform.

He leased large quantities of official land to peasants at relatively low prices and let them cultivate them themselves.

Then establish the ownership of the fields of the military tun, and relatively ensure the status of the soldiers of the military tun.

The so-called Guantun is to invite farmers to cultivate and let them become tenants of official fields.

Now these lands are leased to farmers.

It doesn't seem to make a difference, but the essence is completely different.

The tenants made very little profit and could only feed and wear.

As for the military tun, the tenants were treated as soldiers, allowing them to conduct military training in their leisure time from farming, and the livelihood of the whole family of the tunjun mainly depended on the income from the tun grain.

This system eliminates the need for military expenditures.

As early as the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao and Zhuge Liang used this way to manage the army, reducing the pressure of war on civilians.

At the beginning of the founding of the Ming Dynasty, due to decades of wars and various natural disasters, the residents of the north moved to the south, the population of the north was sharply reduced, and large areas of farmland were abandoned.

Although Zhu Yuanzhang ousted the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty, there were still many remnants of the Yuan people who coveted the power of the Ming Dynasty.

If it can't be cleaned up thoroughly, the consequences will be unimaginable.

Therefore, while the Ming Dynasty was fighting abroad, it also adopted the method of "raising troops in Tuntian" to conduct military training.

The tuntian system was very effective, not only did the imperial court not need to provide food to the frontier army, but the frontier army had excess grain to pay taxes to the imperial court in addition to feeding hundreds of thousands of troops.

This is the scene of the early years of the Ming Dynasty.

Over time, many problems will be exposed, and later rulers simply have no way to change the system, which also leads to many problems.

When Zhu Yuanzhang was still there, he killed people on a large scale, and the number of people who embezzled was relatively small.

But after his death, corruption ran rampant again.

During the Yongle period, there was such a situation in the border area: that is, the commanders of the border defense made the sergeants serve as miscellaneous servants for themselves, making them their own domestic servants and tenants, and even slowly annexing the land of these military households.

In addition, the ministers of the court bought land for themselves in the frontier, and then let the border army farm the land for themselves.

And this is not a special case, the further down the situation gets, the worse it gets.

This directly led to the fact that there were fewer and fewer people in the border areas who farmed for the imperial court, and the taxes that could be handed over to the imperial court became less and less, and the soldiers who defended were also exhausted, no longer trained and lost their combat effectiveness.

The collapse of the Tuntian system was the same as the collapse of the military system of the Tang Dynasty, which also accelerated the demise of the Ming Dynasty and led to foreign invasions.

Since Su Che knew about this loophole, of course he couldn't leave it alone, he directly carried out reforms, determined the ownership of the land in the military tun, and at the same time made the status of the military households relatively improved, and protected their rights with the law of the Ming Dynasty.

While this reform would not completely eliminate the use of these soldiers as miscellaneous servants, it would at least slow down the worsening of the situation.

In addition to the reform of the land.

Su Che also carried out the reform of the government-run economy.

The old management system is now used in the government, and the bureaucracy will gradually lead to losses.

To put it bluntly, even if the employees don't take the money of the official family as money, the bureaucrats will also be greedy for ink to a certain extent, anyway, it is all the money of the imperial court, you are greedy, I am greedy, and I am greedy, and I can't be greedy at all.

Because of the constant losses.

As a result, the government will not be able to fight against the private sector, and gradually, the government will be completely eliminated.

In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, whether it was iron, shipbuilding, construction, or silk, textile, porcelain, printing, etc., they were far ahead in the world, accounting for more than two-thirds of the world's output, much higher than the proportion of agricultural output in the world.

In the Ming Dynasty, the folk handicraft industry continued to grow, but the official camp continued to shrink.

Because of knowing these histories, Su Che was not polite, and directly carried out the reform of the official sector, and the operation was also very simple, introducing market-oriented management, implementing the shareholding system, and improving the efficiency of each state-owned workshop.

In this way, a number of government-private joint handicraft workshops came into being, and the reform of the joint-stock system increased the enthusiasm for production and stimulated the economic development to a great extent.

In addition to economic reforms, Su Che also took advantage of the situation to open up the Age of Discovery, opened up the Silk Road on the sea, and made it a national policy.

Lao Zhu's authority is not the same as Zhu Di, and there is no comparison at all.

Zhu Di asked Zheng He to go to the West, and all the money he earned rushed into his own pockets, which caused the eyes of many officials to blush and forcibly let the matter of going to the West be suspended.

When Ming Chengzu Zhu Di died, Ming Renzong stopped going to the West during his reign, and Ming Xuanzong Zhu Zhanji carried out the eighth activity during the period, and then terminated because the minister thought that the labor and money were hurting, and then the Ming Dynasty actually closed the country, and the money in the West completely entered the private pockets of those scholars and bureaucrats.

Unlike Zhu Di, Su Che divided this part of the cake a little bit and took everyone to play together, which also made the voices of support even more.

In addition to land reform, economic reform, and the policy of opening up the sea, Su Che also carried out reforms in education.

Su Che spent the printed treasure money lavishly, and he began to implement compulsory education, set up schools on a large scale, and popularize the literacy rate of the people.

In addition, half a year has passed, and the military colleges, agricultural colleges, medical schools, and mathematics colleges have also developed to a certain extent, and Su Che took the opportunity to encourage the opening of various colleges to further expand the scope of these colleges of higher learning.

The implementation of private schools and the universal literacy rate are good, but when Su Che promoted colleges and universities, he suddenly encountered some resistance.

The literati of this world are, after all, the literati of Confucianism.

But.

Unlike last time, this time, the 56th generation descendant of Confucius, Kong Xilu, the Duke of Wenxuan, directly stood up for the imperial court.

At first, a great Confucian begged Kong Xilu, hoping that he could advise His Majesty not to chill the hearts of the people in the world.

Faced with this proposition, Kong Xilu replied: "Zi said: If you are a threesome, you must have my teacher; Choose those who are good and follow them, and change those who are not good. Now that Your Majesty has changed to implement all kinds of studies, this is a great thing, we should follow the study, improve ourselves, how can we stop the opposition? This is not the right behavior! ”

"Confucianism, how can it be so short-sighted and self-interested?"

When a descendant of Confucius who has the final right to interpret Confucius stands for the imperial court, the effect is very terrifying, and the academy in these aspects, without much resistance, is smoothly implemented.

And Su Che's reform is more than that, since he wants to reform, he will completely change the world and return him to the sun, moon and sky.

Su Che's ultimate goal of reform is government reform.

Su Che established a new public management system, simplified various policies, and carried out a certain degree of decentralization, while strengthening the relevant management and supervision, which undoubtedly greatly improved the operational efficiency of the counties.

These days, the reform policy is issued almost every other day, and several every other day.

The ministers, who had been born for half a year, thought that they would continue to be safe and sound like this, but who knows, when the wave of innovation hits, all the ministers are forced to get involved!

All of them are busy.

These policies are brief though.

But even if you take out one alone, it is a big policy that will change the world and will have a huge impact, and it is by no means an easy government affair.

For the sake of the smooth operation of these government affairs, all the ministers can be said to be exhausted, basically working overtime until late at night every day, making everyone haggard.

Of course, there are also some stubborn and short-sighted guys who think that such a reform is not a good thing, and stand up and admonish them three times and twice.

It's okay once or twice, and when it comes to the third time, Su Che will directly dismiss him and delegate him, and let me go down to the grassroots level to experience the hardships of the people, and then let's talk about these cool words!

Su Che's attitude was very clear.

The tide of the times is rolling forward, everyone should follow the trend, and those who want to block the tide will definitely not end well!

Even with the assistance of the cabinet, Su Che is still busy with various government affairs all day long.

But.

Unlike before, Su Che is enjoying these government affairs at the moment, and he can see that a huge empire is gradually changing with the implementation of his decrees!

It's a very nice feeling.

(End of chapter)