Chapter 214: Reflections from all over the world
Last time, it was mentioned that Emperor Chongzhen began to reform, mainly to implement the political and economic strategies of the "Taizu" and "Taizong" periods, but to marry one more wife.
Speaking of the Ming Dynasty, it is a well-known fact that the number of "princes" in the Ming Dynasty was too large, and these people were all idle meals. It can be said that the weakening and even the demise of the Ming Dynasty had a lot to do with these huge numbers of "social moths", after all, they needed financial support.
Although the number of "princes" is huge, by the first year of Chongzhen (1628), there were not many families left of these "princes".
According to historical data, there were only 30 "vassal states" in the late Ming Dynasty, and when the Ming Dynasty fell, only 25 "princes" and 1 "King Jingjiang" who was not "Zhu Yuanzhang's direct line" still existed. As for who they are? In addition to Zhu Yuanzhang's descendants, there is only one descendant of his eldest brother left.
"Ming Taizu" Zhu Yuanzhang has the most "princes", after all, the "old Zhu family" is supported by this "Zhu Chongba", who ranks eighth in the family.
The Ming Dynasty began with Zhu Yuanzhang's "Hongwu Dynasty", and later experienced "Jianwen", "Yongle", "Hongxi", "Xuande", "Orthodoxy" ("Jingtai", "Tianshun"), "Chenghua", "Hongzhi", "Zhengde", "Jiajing", "Longqing", "Wanli", "Taichang", "Tianqi" a total of 13 dynasties, before coming to the "first year of Chongzhen".
On the occasion of the 14 "masters" of the Ming Empire, the situation of the emperor's heirs, that is, the final determination of the number of princes.
Among these 14 dynasties, there is no doubt that Zhu Yuanzhang, the "Taizu of the Ming Dynasty", as the first emperor and the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty to implement the "title of king", the situation of heirs and canonization is the most obvious. Therefore, it is necessary to talk about the situation of the heirs of "Zhu Chongba" or "Zhu Baba" separately.
As we all know, the emperors of ancient Chinese feudal dynasties, the vast majority of them had "three palaces, six courtyards and seventy-two concubines", and counting low-level maids and ordinary palace maids, the number of opposite-sex partners that emperors can have is tens of thousands or even tens of thousands, and Emperor Lao Tzu is too busy no matter what!
For example, in addition to the period of the last dynasty, dealing with government affairs, eating, drinking, and sleeping, an emperor has half of the time a day that can be used to engage in women continuously.
But this kind of overload operation can easily cause the emperors to "die of exhaustion", after all, the biggest discouragement of the human body is "ejaculation", and the emperor is also a man, and he also has a "common disease of men" - "wide planting and thin harvest". Therefore, in order to achieve the effect of spreading genes and reproducing offspring, it will be the same as animals.
However, the women who can enter the palace don't cater to the psychology of the emperor Lao Tzu? So, whether it is the queen mother, the imperial concubine, Zhaoyi, the talented person, or even the most ordinary low-level palace maid in the palace, in order to win a chance to be favored by the emperor Lao Tzu, they are all fighting openly and secretly, and they are doing their best.
Because women are actually a more dangerous animal than men, because once they are pregnant with the emperor's "dragon species", they may be able to give birth to a "prince", and at the worst they can also give birth to a "princess", and their fate will be turned upside down! What's even more terrifying is that if the son of the palace maid becomes the emperor in the future, she will be the queen mother!
Throughout Chinese history, the power of the "Queen Mother" is extremely great, especially in the case of "young sons and strong mothers", almost the entire country is under the control of the "Queen Mother", whoever dares to disobey will kill whom, and sleep with as many men as you want, especially Wu Zetian and Cixi, and will not let go of monks and foreigners!
Therefore, both men and women are actually animals, but they are not the simple mating and reproduction relationship of ordinary animals, but the "primate of all things" who is keen on power struggle! In other words, the essential attribute of human beings is "sociality", while the essence of "human society" is "class".
Therefore, the "Confucian Confucianism" advocated that "at the beginning of man, the nature is good" is completely wrong, but "the sex is similar, the Xi is far away" is completely correct, because this is in line with the "Xuanmen Taoism" on "the avenue is ruthless, and all things in heaven and earth are Zou dogs". Because of this, the emperor and his women reproduced offspring according to their needs, and did not prove whether "polygamy" or "polyandry" was correct or worse. Its essence is to firmly control the dominance of the class!
Of course, under the influence of "Xuanmen Taoism" and "Shamen Buddhism", Emperor Lao Tzu mistakenly thought that he could forcibly promote his "mortal body" to a "cultivator" by virtue of his status as "the first in the world", so he begged immortals to ask questions and eat pills indiscriminately, desperately double cultivated and messed with women, pursued immortality, but killed himself!
"Hongwu Emperor" Zhu Chongba had a total of 26 sons, of which the eldest son, the "crown prince Zhu Biao", died early, and the youngest son Zhu Nan also died early, and they were not named "vassal kings".
After Zhu Biao, who was the crown prince, died early, Zhu Yuanzhang actually broke the convention of "father to son, family to the world", and insisted on passing the throne to the eldest grandson Zhu Yunwen, which made the most promising son "fourth" Zhu Di angry. So, "King Yan" Zhu Di took advantage of his nephew's reduction of the domain to launch the "Battle of Jingyan".
Because Emperor Jianwen offended all the "uncles" in the world because of the "cutting of the domain" too violently, when he was called by the "fourth uncle", no one was willing to send troops to help, so he was easily defeated by the "fourth uncle" and lost the "throne", and handed over the "supreme imperial power" that had not yet been covered with heat, proving that the essence of politics is a power struggle!
After successfully ascending the throne and inheriting the unification, the "fourth" Zhu Di changed the yuan to "Yongle" and became the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty, so it can also be taken out separately.
Among Zhu Yuanzhang's many sons, excluding the "boss" Zhu Biao, the "fourth" Zhu Di, and the youngest son "Zhu Nan", there are still 23 vassal kings.
Among these 23 people, the ninth son "King Zhao", the twenty-second son "King An", and the twenty-fourth son "King Ying" are all extinct. The eighth son "King Tan" was involved in the rebellion case and committed suicide in panic. The seventh son "King of Qi" and the nineteenth son "King of Valley" were deposed for rebellion. The twelve sons of the "King of Xiang" rebelled against Emperor Jianwen's reduction of the feudal domain and committed suicide in anger. The descendants of the fifteenth son "King of Liao", the seventeenth son "King Ning", and the twenty-fifth son "King Yi" broke the law and were deposed by the emperor and demoted to concubines. In other words, the "vassal kings" everywhere have ghosts in their hearts.
Therefore, in Zhu Yuanzhang's lineage, there are 10 vassal states that no longer exist in the "first year of Chongzhen", and only 13 "vassal states" are Qin, Jin, Zhou, Chu, Lu, Shu, Dai, Su, Qing, Min, Han, Shen, and Tang. Among these 13 "vassal states", there is also Zhu Yiluo, the "King of Qinsu" of the "Qin Domain", who died in the forty-sixth year of Wanli (1618).
And the "son of the Qin Domain" Zhu Cunshu has waited for ten years, and he has not yet been sealed in the "first year of Chongzhen", so there is no prince in the "Qin Domain" at this time.
The remaining 12 "vassal states" all had "princes" alive at that time. Among them, they are "King of Jinyu" Zhu Qiugui, but he was in the third year of Chongzhen (1630), "King of Zhouduan" Zhu Suqin, but he was in the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635),
"King of Chu" Zhu Huakui, but in the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), "King Luxian" Zhu Shouhong, but in the ninth year of Chongzhen (1636), "King of Shu" Zhu Zhishu, died in the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), Zhu Dingwei, King of Daikang, in the second year of Chongzhen (1629),
"King Su" Zhu Zhihong, died in the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), "King Qing" Zhu Zhuoluo, died in the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644),
"King Min" Zhu Yuhong, died in the first year of Chongzhen (1628), "King of Han" Zhu Ganyan, died in the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643),
"King Shen" Zhu Xiaoyong disappeared in the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), and "King of Tang Duan" Zhu Shuoxi died in the second year of Chongzhen (1629).
Yes, it can be said that the situation of the "vassal king" of Zhu Yuanzhang's line is the most complicated, among the 24 sons of the king, only Zhu Di entered the unification, and there are 10 "vassal states" that have long ceased to exist, although the remaining 13 "vassal states" exist, but one of them lost the "prince" in the first year of Chongzhen, and only 12 princes remained at this time.
"Emperor Jianwen" Zhu Yunwen was never heard from after a fire in the "Battle of Jingjing". Therefore, the line of "Emperor Jianwen" is not continued by the "vassal king".
Although Zhu Di, the "King of Yan", entered the "Great Unification", but Zhu Di became the emperor after the "Battle of Jingyan", but he never gave birth to an heir, even if he invited the "Tibetan Buddhism" monk "Huanxi Buddha" from the "Wusi Tibetan Dusi" and "Duogandusi" to worship, he failed to bless him to make the belly of the concubines and palace maids bigger. Therefore, when Zhu Di was depressed, he thought of the "Yin and Yang Double Cultivation" of "Xuanmen Taoism", and spent a huge amount of money to build the "Wudang Mountain Ancestral Garden".
"Yongle Emperor" Zhu Di only had three sons to continue the queen, and the eldest son Zhu Gaochi inherited the unification. The second son, Zhu Gaoxu (King of Han), was killed by Zhu Zhanji because of his rebellion in Zhu Zhanji's dynasty and abolished his "vassal state". Therefore, Zhu Di only had his youngest son Zhu Gaosui (King Zhao) to continue, and in the "first year of Chongzhen", his reigning prince was "King Zhao Shun" Zhu Ci? It was born in the second year of Chongzhen (1629).
Renzong has a total of 10 sons, in addition to Zhu Zhanji inherited the unification, there are 9 "vassal kings" left, but the third son "Yue Wang", the fourth son "Qi Wang", the eighth son "Teng Wang", the ninth son "Liang Wang", and the tenth son "Wei Wang" are all extinct, so its "vassal state" did not continue, and by the first year of Chongzhen, only 4 "vassal states" existed.
The four "vassal states" that still exist are Zheng, Xiang, Jing, and Huai. By the time of the "first year of Chongzhen", there were only 3 princes of the four feudal states, namely "King Zheng Jing" Zhu Zaiyi, who was killed by Zhang Xianzhong in the 14th year of Chongzhen (1641), and Zhu Ciyan, the "King of Jing", who was killed in the 15th year of Chongzhen (1642).
"Huai Wang" Zhu Yiju has died, and Zhu Changqing, the "son of Huai Domain", has not yet inherited the throne (inherited in 1631), so there is no "Prince" in the "Huai Domain".
"Ming Xuanzong" died young, and only Zhu Qizhen was sealed, but Zhu Qizhen later inherited the unification and became the emperor, so "Xuanzong's lineage", in the "first year of Chongzhen", there was no "vassal state" and the prince. During the reign of "Ming Yingzong", a total of 8 sons were crowned "vassal kings".
Among them, Zhu Jianshen, who lost and regained the position of "prince", inherited the unification, and left 7 sons to be crowned kings, as well as four sons "King Xu", five sons Xiu Wang, eight sons Xin Wang heirs, and nine descendants of King Hui who broke the law and were abolished, so when it came to the "first year of Chongzhen", only 3 feudal states still existed, namely De, Chong, and Ji.
The three "vassal states" all have princes on the throne, namely "King De" Zhu Changjie, but in the fifth year of Chongzhen (1632), "Chongwang" Zhu Youjiao, in the fifteenth year of Chongzhen (1642) was killed by the thief leader Li Zicheng, and "King Ji" Zhu Youdong died in the ninth year of Chongzhen (1636).
"Ming Xianzong" has a total of 10 sons to be crowned kings, in addition to the fourth son "Xingwang" Zhu Youqing's son Zhu Houxi inherited the unification as the emperor, there are five sons "Qi Wang", eight sons "Yongwang", nine sons "Shou Wang", eleven sons "Ru Wang", twelve sons "Jing Wang", fourteen sons "Shen Wang" and other 6 "vassal kings" are extinct.
Therefore, by the time of the "first year of Chongzhen", the only "vassal states" that still existed were the three kingdoms of Yi, Heng and Rong. Among the Three Kingdoms, the "King of Hengxian" Zhu Changyu has died, and the "Prince of Heng Domain" Zhu Youwei has not yet ascended the throne (he did not ascend the throne until 1632), so there is no "Prince" in the "Heng Domain".
The remaining two surviving "princes" are Zhu Youben, the "King of Yiding", but he was born in the seventh year of Chongzhen (1634), and Zhu Youfang, the "King of Rongxian", was born in the second year of Chongzhen (1629). Due to the early death of King Wei, the second son of Xiaozong, and the extinction of Wuzong, neither emperor left the vassal king to continue.
"Ming Shizong" a total of six sons of the king, in addition to the "Yu Wang" Zhu Zaikun later inherited the unification, the remaining four sons, "King Jing" heir, five sons "Ying Wang", six sons "Qi Wang", seven sons "Ji Wang", eight sons "Jun Wang" all died early, so in the "first year of Chongzhen", Sejong did not have a "vassal country" and "prince" in the lineage.
Mu Zong's eldest son "King Jing" died early, only the fourth son "King Lu" continued, in the "first year of Chongzhen", the reigning "prince" was "King Lu" Zhu Changshu, after his surrender to the Qing army, and Zhu Yousong in the first year of Hongguang in the Southern Ming Dynasty (1645) April together with the other seven kings were ruthlessly killed by the Qing army.
Shenzong has a total of 7 sons, of which the second son "King Yuan", the fourth son "King Yuan", and the eighth son "King Yongsi" died early. By the time of the "first year of Chongzhen", only the four feudal domains of Fu, Rui, Hui and Gui existed, and the reigning "princes" were the third son of Shenzong, "King Fu" Zhu Changxun, who was killed by Li Zicheng in the fourteenth year of Chongzhen (1641).
Zhu Changhao, the fifth son of Shenzong, was killed by Zhang Xianzhong in the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), and Zhu Changrun, the sixth son of Shenzong, was killed by the Qing court in the first year of Hongguang (1645), and Zhu Changrunying, the seventh son of Shenzong, was sick in Wuzhou in November of the first year of Hongguang (1645).
In addition to the "King of Xin", that is, "Emperor Chongzhen" Zhu Youzhen inherited the unification, the second son "King Jian", the third son "King Qi", the fourth son "King Huai", the sixth son "King Xiang", and the seventh son "King Hui", a total of five sons all died early. Therefore, by the time of the "first year of Chongzhen", there was no "prince" in the line of "Mingguangzong".
The strange thing is that the only vassal king in the Ming Dynasty who is not a descendant of Zhu Yuanzhang, "King Jingjiang", as a descendant of Zhu Chong's eighth brother, but after the beginning of Zhu Shouqian, the nephew of Taizu, it has continued to the "first year of Chongzhen". At this time, the reigning person was "King Rongmu of Jingjiang" Zhu Luhu, who died in the seventh year of Chongzhen (1634).
Although the living conditions of the "vassal kings" of the Ming Dynasty were very good and carefree, after hundreds of years of inheritance, there were still many "vassal kings" who collapsed their ancestral business for various reasons. When it came to the "first year of Chongzhen", coupled with the fact that Emperor Lao Tzu decided to wean them collectively from these "clansmen", it was bitter!
"He Zhu Youzhen is a descendant of the 'old Zhu family', isn't this king surnamed Zhu?" After receiving the "holy decree", the first time the vassal kings did not "receive the decree to thank them", but howled and cried, such as mourning, after all, "cutting the domain" means that the fate of the "princes" is qualified to obtain life security by virtue of the "clan relatives", desperate!
In desperation, in order to fight for their own "parasitic rights", the "vassal kings" secretly colluded with each other, conspired with local tyrants, shoddy gentry, corrupt officials and corrupt officials in various places, and prepared to wait for an opportunity. However, who knows that there are no eggs under the nest? If the central power of the Ming Dynasty falls, they will die faster!
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