Last time, I said that everyone flew to Liaodong to investigate military intelligence when they had nothing to do, but they met "cabbage Taoist" and "radish Taoist", so they were kindly persuaded to return.

"Thank you for the reminder, and the juniors will leave." Under the leadership of Zhu Youxiao and Zhu Youzhen, everyone said goodbye to the two seniors one after another, turned around and flew south. However, the crowd did not plan to return to Beijing immediately, but flew west along the "Ming Great Wall" to check the situation of the "Nine Border Towns" one by one.

"Huh? What's the situation? It looks like there's a war going on down there? "Giggles, isn't it? And the roar of cannonballs! "Haha, infantry fighting cavalry? Interesting...... "After everyone left Liaodong, they flew southwest along the line of the Great Wall, and they flew for a moment and caught up with a "good show" in less than a thousand miles.

In another time and space, this was supposed to be a "military adventure" event that should have happened in the second year of Chongzhen, but it happened ahead of schedule due to the "Apocalypse Big Bang".

In October 1629 (the second year of Chongzhen), Emperor Taiji, the lord of the Later Jin State, led 50,000 elite soldiers of the Eight Banners, detoured through the Mongolian Chahar Department, avoided the Ningjin defense line of the Ming army, broke into the pass from the Great Wall, captured the important town of Zunhua, and approached Beijing. Huang Taiji led troops into the customs this time, and the history is called "the change of his own side".

The "change of Jisi" had a profound impact on the historical trend of the late Ming Dynasty. It not only directly changed the military, political, and personnel situation in the Liaodong region of the Ming Dynasty, but also greatly affected the military layout of the interior of the Ming Dynasty, alleviated the military pressure faced by the newly emerging peasant rebel army in various places, and even led to the rapid increase in the strength of the peasant rebel army, preparing for Li Zicheng to lead the peasant army all the way to the east to overthrow the Ming Dynasty.

However, in this time and space, because the Ming Dynasty received an "early warning" in advance and made full preparations at the passes of the "border wall" (Great Wall), even if there were serious consequences such as the "Apocalypse Explosion", it did not weaken the defense capability of the "Nine-sided Town", but let Huang Taiji steal chickens and rice.

"Not good, there is an ambush! Evacuate! Huang Taiji led the elite of the Eight Banners to the pass of the Great Wall, and before he stopped, he suddenly heard the sound of roaring artillery from all directions, and then heard a violent explosion in his cavalry ranks.

This is not good, because the artillery fire falling from the sky is extremely fierce, so that Huang Taiji has a sense of impending disaster, so he quickly ordered the guards to gather people and retreat to the north, because the sound of artillery fire came from the east, south, and west, presumably there should be no ambush in the north. However, I regretted it before I ran ten miles.

Because out of nowhere, a strange contingent of thousands of people appeared in a neat line, carrying a "bird gun" with bayonets, striding towards him, not beating gongs and drums, nor sounding gold and trumpets, but lined up in a neat line to masticate his tens of thousands of cavalry - handcuffs, ping-pong......

Five or six hundred paces away, the soldiers of the "Shenji Battalion" stopped their pace in accordance with the training rules of the new army and began to shoot in three stages. Such a familiar scene immediately made Huang Taiji feel annoyed, after all, with only thousands of infantry, he wanted to block his way? So, he gave the order to charge.

However, the strange thing is that the infantry of the Ming Dynasty this time seems to be very different from the previous infantry, because the range of its guns is not only too far, but also the rate of fire is amazingly fast, often their own cavalry only shoots two or three arrows, and the opposing infantry can shoot a shot, which can easily penetrate the armor and helmet.

"Ahhh......h However, the latecomers were shot and fell to the ground before they could go far, and they also let out a death wail. This frightened Huang Taiji and his personal guards, and they quickly ordered to stop the attack and scatter around.

Huang Taiji originally thought that he could first disperse the team to detour, and then rush to the front from the back to shoot arrows, but he didn't expect it to work, because the opponent not only turned around and changed the formation fast enough, but also the ultra-long-distance firearm seemed to have endless ammunition, so he just had no temper.

In the end, Huang Taiji had to lead his soldiers who were less injured to turn around and flee, while those who were seriously injured had no time to take care of themselves and had to be left to their own devices. In this battle, Huang Taiji's 50,000 army lost more than half, and he wanted to rely on "military adventures" to establish his authority, but he was defeated by his brothers.

"Haha, interesting, the infantry can actually defeat the cavalry in the field? Sure enough, it doesn't rely on bravery, but on advanced weapons and clever tactics! ”

After seeing this bustle, everyone did not stop, but continued to fly along the line of the Great Wall, first to check the "Nine Border Town", and then to visit the Western Regions.

This was just a small episode that took place in the northern frontier in the late Ming Dynasty, and the big episode that really affected the northern frontier was the defeat of the Mengyuan regime in the grasslands. Because, after the Ming Dynasty fixed the capital of Nanjing, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the Northern Expedition to the Yuan Dynasty, and after several major battles, he forced the Mongols back to the grassland by force.

The Mongols swept through Europe and Asia in those years, and their majesty was unstoppable, but because they were obsessed with the richness of the Central Plains and the world of flowers, they gradually degenerated. Coupled with internal strife, national contradictions and class resistance, Zhu Yuanzhang took advantage of him after his strength was greatly damaged, so he was obsessed with it, and he went south without forgetting to restore the Yuan Dynasty.

In essence, Emperor Yuan Shun's reign was a lesson in how to lose the mandate of heaven. However, it is not all his fault, because many problems are inherited by him, and he is just a "carpenter emperor" like Zhu Youxiao, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty.

In 1368, the Red Turban Army, formed by a peasant uprising, overthrew the ruling base of the Yuan Dynasty, while the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), which developed from one of the Red Turban Army, had just been established and settled in Nanjing, Jiangsu, but the last Yuan emperor, Tu Timur, fled from the Central Plains into the Mongolian steppe.

According to legend, when the Ming army broke through the capital of the Yuan Dynasty, only 6 of the 40 households of the Yuan Dynasty managed to escape, and the rest were either killed in battle or eventually surrendered to the Ming Dynasty. Although the Ming Dynasty was very disgusted with the Mongols, the Mongol warriors were too important to be slaughtered at will, but instead to be appeased.

If this legend is true, some later scholars would point out that it would imply a massive loss of population in the Mongolian steppe. But in fact, these 400,000 households of the Mongolian aristocracy were not stationed in the Mongolian steppe but in the southwest, so it cannot be considered that the Mongolian steppe lost a large number of people.

However, many of these Mongolian noble tribes constituted the so-called "Yunnan Mongols", and fearing that they would be conscripted and slaughtered by Zhu Yuanzhang's army, they had to change to Hanfu and Han surnames as quickly as possible, and cover themselves by learning to speak Han to prevent being attacked and killed by the Ming army.

This is why the southwestern official dialect in the Yunnan dialect of later generations has such a heavy tongue curling sound, because they are all "Han Chinese" pretended to be by the Mongols at that time, just like the Northeast Jurchens (Manchurians) After entering the Central Plains, they changed the Nanjing Mandarin that originally passed the flat tongue sound of the whole country to the children's pronunciation of the tongue curl.

Fortunately, most of the people brought back to the Mongolian steppe by Emperor Yuan Shun and Timur were soldiers. Therefore, Emperor Yuan Shun was able to have a considerable number of troops of about fifty or sixty thousand people. Despite retreating to the Mongolian steppes, he still saw himself as the ruler of the whole world, but he lost his territory south of the Great Wall.

After Emperor Yuan Shun fled north, he retreated to the valley of the Kounan River-Tilulian River, which was the traditional homeland of the Mongols, in order to assert his authority. But at the same time, the Ming army continued the pursuit to ensure that the Mongols could not launch a counteroffensive. Although the Mongol and Yuan courts lost large swaths of territory, the remaining Yuan dynasty (Northern Yuan) was able to regroup in the Mongolian steppes and launch a counteroffensive at any time. It's not an illusory idea, anything is possible.

Although Emperor Yuan Shun had stationed Timur in the Mongolian steppe, he could not find long-term support for his position as ruler there, as there was a decades-long dislike of the royal family, mainly descendants of Ali Buge, who were the most powerful figures in the Mongolian steppe.

In addition to the long-standing feud between Ali Buge and Kublai Khan, the Mongols in the Mongolian steppes also regarded the defeated Tu Timur and the other returning Mongols as outsiders, and even regarded them as "Han" and "non-Mongols". Therefore, war between the two sides inevitably broke out.

The nomadic Warat (Oirat Mongolia of Russia), which was around the Altai Mountains in the western Mongolian steppe, became a third factor involved in the fighting.

In the history of the Mongol Empire, the "Warat" was only a marginal group, and had little connection with the "Mongol and Yuan royal family" with "golden blood", because the blood of the Warat people had nothing to do with Genghis Khan. However, as their power grew in the late 14th century, they began to covet the position of Great Khan of the Mongols.

At the same time, the Warats also placed their social status above the other Mongol tribes, which was hated by the nobles of the other Mongol tribes.

However, some of the "Warats" trace their ancestry back to Lehan, a neighbor of the Kereb. However, Warat (斡亦剌) is actually one of the Huaiyin Yierjian tribes and has nothing to do with the Kereh tribe. For most of the 14th and 15th centuries, wars in the Mongolian steppes were localized.

However, the Ming Emperor Zhu Di repeatedly led his troops into the Mongolian steppes and set fire to the pastures, hoping to force the Mongols to submit by starving their livestock. However, the results were mixed. Although the Ming army defeated the Mongol army several times, the Ming army was attacked continuously as soon as it entered the steppe.

The reason for this result was that the Ming Dynasty army was mainly infantry, with few cavalry, and the logistical supplies could not keep up, so it could not garrison troops on the grassland for a long time. In addition to trying to turn many factions on the Mongolian steppe against each other, the Ming Dynasty also adopted the traditional countermeasures used by the Han people in the steppe.

That is to confer and legitimize the "name" on the ruler of a certain tribe, and to divert the attention of other Mongols from themselves, causing internal strife.

The ultimate goal of the Ming Dynasty was to weaken the various Mongol tribes through division and control. However, their efforts have not always been successful.

The Ming Dynasty didn't care who they could with, whether it was the "Golden Family" or the leader of Warat, they could be used. But there is also a threat that a leader may gather enough forces to attack the Ming Dynasty, and these attacks are not enough to overthrow the Ming Dynasty, but it is a big threat anyway.

To give you an example, it is the "Tumu Fort Change". At that time, the supreme power of Moxi Mongolia, the position of "Great Khan of Warat", was also controlled by the "Taishi", and in fact became the leader of Warat, who reigned from 1439 to 1455, occupying the territory stretching from Lake Balkhash to the border of the Ming Dynasty.

During this period, Walla had a quarrel with the Ming Dynasty over mutual market issues such as border tea and horse trading, so he sent troops to Koubian. At that time, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Ming Yingzong, because of his youth and vigor and his belief in the eunuch Wang Zhen, led to a crushing defeat of the enemy, losing 200,000 troops, and he himself became a prisoner, shaking the government and the opposition, and making the Ming Dynasty turn from prosperity to decline!

After Yexian's death, several civil wars broke out among the tribes of the Mongolian steppe, specifically between the Mongols of the Tatar tribes, ruled by the "Golden Family", and the Mongol Warats of Moxi. This kind of pinch between grassland tribes is in the best interests of the Ming Dynasty, because they can weaken each other without contribution.

It was not until the rise of Dayan Khan (reigned 1479-1517) and his election as Genghis Khan's 28th successor that peace was restored to the Mongolian steppes. Dayan benefited from his uncle Mandulu (reigned 1473–1479) to unify the Khalkha Mongol tribes.

The Khalkha Mongols were one of the direct descendants of Genghis Khan's "Golden Family", and were later "taken care of" (assimilated) by the Kangxi Emperor of the Qing Dynasty. The Khalkha tribes united to defeat the Warats and expelled them from the Mongolian steppe, becoming the largest force in the entire Mongolian steppe, threatening the Ming Dynasty.

Later, the Walla people split into Dulbert and Dzungar, the former moved to the Great Khing'an Mountains as nomads, and the latter was wiped out under the successive attacks of the Kangxi Emperor of the Qing Dynasty, and a small number of Dzungars fled north to Siberia and became the Oirats of the Altai Republic and the Republic of the Kalmyk Autonomous Region.

Then, Dayan Khan led the Tatar tribes to attack the Ming Dynasty and became a real threat to the Ming Dynasty for a long time, until his death.

………………………………………………

Hit by the economic crisis and the new crown epidemic, Qiongdao's tourism industry is struggling. I was depressed because of the company's bankruptcy, and wrote this book "Heaven and Earth Let Me Do One" in his spare time to show that he did not give in to the cruel reality! Although I have a great love for novels such as urban romance and Xiuzhen fantasy, I have also been dissatisfied with many "eunuchs" in the books I am reading! Recently, several consecutive typhoons have hit, making the "National Day Golden Week" in Qiongdao ruined, and it is more difficult to find a job! In order to survive first, in order to cope with family expenses, housing loans, car loans, online loans, bill installments, part-time courier delivery and errand shopping, making the book update slower, it is really helpless, please understand!