Last time, after listening to the travels and insights of Xu Xiake and the monk Jingwen, they had an opinion on the "bureaucracy" of the Ming Dynasty and thought that it was necessary to reform.

In fact, if you want to ask which emperor in history hates corrupt officials the most? Presumably it must be Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, because Zhu Yuanzhang, who was born in a poor peasantry, has experienced too many hardships, hardship, helplessness and despair. The death of his parents due to the corrupt rule of corrupt officials and corrupt officials in the Yuan Dynasty made him deeply understand the difficulties of survival of the people at the bottom, so he had a preconceived hatred for the bureaucracy, especially for corrupt officials.

Therefore, after Monk Zhu became emperor, he knew that it was the corrupt rule of the Yuan Dynasty that caused the country to quickly perish. Therefore, he fully learned the lessons of the Yuan Dynasty and adopted a series of measures to punish corrupt officials. Among them, there are not only severe punishments, but also etiquette and education, and more intimidation.

Zhu Yuanzhang instituted a strict system to punish corrupt officials, and its severity was unprecedented, such as the Ming Dynasty's criminal law on corruption: "Anyone who abides by the order and is greedy will be allowed to go to Beijing to complain." Officials who take bribes and pervert the law shall be hanged with 90 rods for every 5 strokes, and 80 strokes; Whoever guards the money and grain that steals from the storehouse shall be beheaded with eighty rods and forty rods; Whoever embezzles more than 60 taels of silver will be beheaded and skinned for public display. ”

Officials who embezzled more than 60 taels of silver were beheaded in public, and at the same time, there was also the famous torture - "peeling the skin of the last", that is, peeling off the skin of corrupt officials, filling them with straw, making them into scarecrows, and standing at the gate of the local yamen or land temple, in order to warn the new successor officials not to be corrupt and pervert the law.

Therefore, at that time, the land temple was called "Pichang Temple" by the common people. These thunderous measures all show Zhu Yuanzhang's determination to punish corrupt officials. According to incomplete statistics, during the 31 years that Zhu Yuanzhang was in power, he cracked down on corruption 6 times and executed a total of 150,000 corrupt officials! Among them, the "Hongwu Four Major Cases" landed more than 100,000 heads, among which the "Guo Huan Case" that shocked the world at that time was the most influential and killing case.

In the eighteenth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1385), after the investigation of the imperial history, it was found that Guo Huan, the head of the household department, colluded with Li Yu, the political envoy of Beiping Chengxuan, and Zhao Quande, the envoy of the criminal prosecution, to take advantage of the convenience of collecting official grain, fish and salt to seek personal profits of more than 24 million stones, and the amount of embezzlement was shocking.

Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Wu Yong, the chief judge of the Criminal Trial Department, to be severely tortured, and found that the case also involved six important officials, including Zhao Mao, the secretary of the Ministry of Rites, Wang Huidi, the secretary of the Criminal Department, Wang Zhi, the head of the Ministry of War, and Mai Zhide, the head of the Ministry of Works. The wide range of involvement and the large amount of money involved made Zhu Yuanzhang furious.

So, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered a stern punishment: "It's better to kill by mistake than to let go!" "In this way, tens of thousands of people died because of this, but because the attack was too widespread, many innocent people were unjustly killed." From the left and right servants of the six departments, there were 7 million stolen goods, and tens of thousands of people died in the province and provincial officials. ”

Zhu Yuanzhang used this action to prove what it means to "the Son of Heaven is angry and bleeds for thousands of miles". As soon as this case came out, officials in the capital and various provinces were all terrified, even petty officials in remote areas shuddered. "Although the officials of the county live in a poor and desperate place, they go to Beijing more than 10,000 miles away, they are all terrified, like a god coming to the court, and they dare not be reckless." This shows that Zhu Baba hates corruption from the bottom of his heart, and resolutely gets rid of corrupt officials and corrupt officials!

Before the Ming Dynasty, the method of capitalized numerical bookkeeping was not widely implemented, and it was usually the use of Chinese characters such as "one, two, three", which was easy to alter and difficult to distinguish the authenticity. Therefore, the officials embezzled a large amount of money by making false accounts, making it difficult for the imperial court to track down, and even death without proof.

Therefore, after racking his brains, Zhu Yuanzhang invented a method specifically aimed at keeping false accounts, that is, changing the accounting numbers to "uppercase numbers" and fully implementing them, that is, changing the lowercase numbers "one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, hundred, thousand, and ten thousand" to capitalized "one, two, three, four, wu, lu, qi, 捌, jiu, pick, hundred, thousand, ten thousand", which made it difficult for officials to easily change the accounts, and this provision has been used to this day.

Zhu Yuanzhang also took the time to compile a book called "A Brief Record of Awakening Corruption" and gave the officials a copy to each person. The book records the grade of the officials, the amount of rice equivalent to the amount of rice, and how many acres of land the peasants need to plant to produce the output, as well as the various hardships of the peasants in farming. The words are earnest and the intentions are good.

At the same time, Zhu Yuanzhang reviewed the previous anti-corruption cases, summed up many years of anti-corruption experience, and spent two years compiling a criminal code "The Great Message", which elaborated on his methods of handling cases and disposal methods for corrupt officials.

In order to fully implement the "Great Message", Zhu Yuanzhang ordered: "All the people must be recited by Tibetans at home for reference." If there is non-compliance, it will not be falsely revealed. If there is a "Great Message" in the family, the sentence can be commuted after committing the crime, and if there is no "Dahao", the crime will be added to the first degree. That is to say, the common people of the Ming Dynasty must have a copy of the "Great Message" in every household, and the "Great Message" compiled by Zhu Yuanzhang himself has become the most widely used law in Chinese history.

In addition, when Zhu Yuanzhang was dealing with corruption cases, he was ruthless and even killed his relatives, which was regarded by the traditional concept as "righteous annihilation of relatives".

Zhu Yuanzhang's nephew Zhu Wenzheng followed him to the southern and northern wars for decades, and was the governor of the capital, but when he was guarding Jiangxi, he was arrogant and lascivious, and was first dismissed from office and then tortured. Ouyang Lunli, the commander of the horses, was dizzy, and used his power to sell illicit tea for huge profits, and his subordinates humiliated local officials. After Zhu Yuanzhang learned about it, he ignored the princess's pleas and did not remember the feelings of Weng and his son-in-law, acted in accordance with the law, gave Ouyang Lun to death, and exemplified all his subordinates Zhou Bao and other evil slaves.

Zhu Yuanzhang grasped corruption, first of all, starting from himself. After defeating Chen Youliang at the beginning, there was a gold bed in Chen Youliang's palace, and some people persuaded Zhu Yuanzhang to use it to enjoy it, but Zhu Yuanzhang directly smashed it, and he was demoralized when he said that he would use it. He took Chen Youliang's father and son's poverty and luxury to finally defeat as an example, and warned his ministers:

"How can you be proud of being rich? How can it be extravagant? How can the heart of arrogance be kept even though it is rich? Those who are rich and noble are just suppressing luxury and frugality. Quit lust to feed the hearts of the people, I am afraid it is not enough to comfort the hearts of the people, and the skills of the poor world are used to take one's own devotions? It is also appropriate to die. However, this is also enough to show that the rut of the car should not be followed. After Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, he knew that luxury could not be opened, and he had always been very strict with himself.

When the Ming Dynasty palace was built in Yingtian (Nanjing), Zhu Yuanzhang only sought to be durable and durable, not to be kitsch and gorgeous. In addition, he also ordered the Confucian scholars to compile the bad deeds of the ancient faint monarch into a book, so that "they can know the cause of their mourning and take it as a warning." "Emulating Tang Taizong Li Shimin's "taking history as a mirror, we can know the rise and fall".

At the same time, Zhu Yuanzhang is also very strict with his concubines and children, requiring them to eat coarse tea and light rice, which is delicious. Whenever a local disaster occurs, Zhu Yuanzhang and his family have to eat a meal of wheat rice and wild vegetables to show that they share weal and woe with the people. This shows that Zhu Yuanzhang was born a poor peasant and has not forgotten his roots for the time being.

The Hongwu period was the period when the Ming Dynasty cracked down on corruption most fiercely and killed the most corrupt officials, and it also achieved good results to a certain extent and in some aspects. However, even so, there are more and more corrupt officials, and they are coming and going, because compared with previous dynasties, the officials of the Ming Dynasty are low.

Zhu Yuanzhang sighed in his later years: "The rule of the court is the twilight, and the twilight is the same in the morning; The corpse is not moved and the people follow it, and the more serious the healed is, the more the offense is committed. "From this point of view, the fight against corruption is a necessary, arduous and long-term task, although it will not be successful overnight, but it is also necessary to pay attention to ways and means to control.

When everyone continued to talk about how to avoid corruption as much as possible, Xu Xiake, as a former "rich second generation", learned from many local officials through contact with travel and news that officials generally hoped that the imperial court could improve their salaries and pay attention to the pension issue after retirement.

In this way, at the next day's court meeting, with the harsh voice of the male duck of the celebrant Wang Gonggong, "The emperor has arrived!" Later, Emperor Chongzhen and his concubines' "soul clones" still sat in high positions and accepted the courtiers' bows: "Long live my emperor, long live, long live!" Niang Chitose Chitose! ”

"Zhong Aiqing, let's be flat! What's on the books? I'm listening! Chongzhen still looked around the ministers in the palace majestically, but no one played.

"Since you Aiqing don't have a book to play, then I will announce a few things first. Listen to it, it's your vital interests! ”

Emperor Chongzhen explained the results of yesterday's discussion and discussed: "I have decided to increase the amount of money to the court officials such as you, and increase it by one percent every three years, and halve it after returning to the hometown until you die of old age!" Zhu Youzhen saw that the people below were overjoyed, and even cried with joy, and said conveniently: "After waiting for a hundred years, the imperial court will issue a one-time payment of three years of funeral expenses to show the emperor's grace!" ———— "The ministers thank the emperor for their favor!" Long live the Ming Dynasty! Whining. ”

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Haha, thank you for your attention, collection, recommendation, subscription and review of this book! As an author, I am very happy and honored to provide readers with a novel that meets the needs of the general public. As the saying goes, "Life is short, but the tip of the pen is slender." "Therefore, the road to cultivation is long, where to find immortality? There is nowhere to go for troubles, and read the people in the book! I hope that the novel "Heaven and Earth Let Me Go" series can bring happiness and insight to everyone!

This story is pure fiction, if there are similarities, it is a coincidence! Friends, the part-time job is hard, the time is urgent, the creation is not easy, like the collection, by the way, forward, want to know the plot? Next time I break it down! ("The book has its own golden house?") There are thousands of bells in the book? There is Yan Ruyu in the book"? Welcome to my book)