Last time, it was mentioned that Emperor Chongzhen in a different time and space sent winter supplies and thousands of beauties to the defenders of Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty, and ordered to level Liao within two years, and then attack Mongolia.

"Haha, don't be easy, everyone!" Yuan Chonghuan sat in the seat of the handsome tent, looked around and said: "This court says yes, let's assign work first, which is related to whether everyone here can make meritorious contributions after the year." Man Gui, Zhao Shujiao, Zu Dashou, and He Kegang listened to the order, and each led the men and horses of the headquarters as the vanguard to attack Houjin at any time. ”

"Subordinates obey!" These four people are the best generals in field warfare under Yuan Chonghuan, because in the army of the Ming Dynasty stationed in Liaodong, the most elite 30,000 cavalry mainly "Guanning Iron Cavalry" are in the hands of these generals. The remaining so-called "cavalry" were nothing more than infantry on mules and could not fight in the field.

The so-called "can't fight in the field" does not mean that these soldiers on mules or old and weak thin horses in the Guannai cannot compete head-on with the Eight Banners Army of Houjin in the field, but once a frontal cavalry battle occurs, it is basically a head-off, because the quality of the "war horses" fed by farmers in the interior of the Ming Dynasty is too poor!

As a result, these "mounted infantry" cavalry would usually dismount and fight in formation when they encountered nomadic cavalry in the field, first firing long range with firearms, then at close range with bows and arrows, and finally with long knives, axes, spears, and shields to force the enemy to charge at a hard time, occasionally inflicting heavy casualties on the enemy and forcing them to retreat.

Fortunately, there were thousands of warlike horses in the military supplies sent by the imperial court this time, presumably from the Western Regions Fanbang or the Northwest Mongolian tribes that had spent a lot of money to buy emergency supplies. Of course, Yuan Chonghuan also guessed that Emperor Lao Tzu might plan to send a "new army" to the Liaodong battlefield to show his strength after the year.

However, the "new army" trained by the imperial court this time was based on the "Shenji Battalion" and was built after referring to the modern infantry in the armies of Western countries. In other words, with the "gun" as the main lethal weapon, the "street fighting quartet" is composed of archers, spearmen, sword and shield men, and fire gunners.

If it is a fight with the nomadic cavalry in the field, the main tactical means are to use rifled cannon long-range fire, mortar close fire, and musketeers to kill and injure the enemy, and at the same time, let the archers, spearmen, and sword and shield men stand on the left and right of the military formation and the rear to prevent the enemy's cavalry from suddenly making a detour and sneak attack.

Of course, at this time, the musketeers not only used six-foot spears, but also installed "Mitsubishi thorns" with blood grooves on the front of the muskets, which were also used as "short spears" in case of "white-knuckle battles", and formed the smallest military formation of the "street battle quartet" with archers, spearmen, and sword and shield men.

However, the ammunition supply of musketeers and artillery is sufficient, and there is usually no need to worry about running out of ammunition, unless they fight in the field on the steppe, such as in the future conquest of the northern steppes, and the Mongol cavalry must rely on sufficient ammunition, otherwise it will be difficult to escape the doom of "giving away the head".

However, Emperor Chongzhen did not believe in the border army, but because the "new army" was all "infantry", even if the army was marching and fighting on ordinary horses in peacetime, it was far inferior to the elite cavalry in the border army in terms of mobility. Therefore, cavalry is still an important pillar of whether the Ming Dynasty can completely sweep Liaodong, and it needs to be strengthened.

As we all know, there are many famous legions in the history of the ancient Eastern Kingdom, but when it comes to the Ming Dynasty, the "Guanning Cavalry", "Tianxiong Soldiers" and "Qin Soldiers" are all known as the three elite troops with the strongest combat effectiveness in the last years of the Ming Dynasty, and the leaders of each unit are also famous generals at that time.

For example, the "Guanning Cavalry" is a trump card cavalry unit formed by Yuan Chonghuan, a famous patriotic general in the late Ming Dynasty, on the basis of the original border army's "scattered cavalry", until Yuan Chonghuan was killed and executed by mistake, and then went to disintegration, because once this army loses its backbone, its combat power will be greatly reduced!

"Guanning Cavalry", also known as "Guanning Iron Cavalry", is one of the three famous elite troops from the end of the Ming Dynasty to the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, mainly composed of Liaodong locals with strong combat effectiveness of the "heavy cavalry". Because most of the soldiers were people who had a blood feud with the Houjin and the Manchu Eight Banners. Therefore, every time they go to war, the soldiers are in a state of not retreating, and their combat power is extremely strong, so they have become a rare elite soldier in the late Ming Dynasty.

The "Guanning Cavalry" numbered less than 30,000, but they were all equipped with firearms, heavy armor, and double horses, so they were very powerful in terms of mobility and impact. In addition, the Guanning cavalry division inherited the Liaodong Iron Cavalry, and also had a great advantage in firearms and cold weapons, and it was like a tiger with wings when charging into battle.

In the past few decades, the "Guanning Cavalry" not only killed the famous Mongolian kings and defeated the "Eight Banners Army", but also assassinated Dorgon and Li Zicheng, and achieved outstanding results. Then, after all, the "Guanning Cavalry" was reorganized by Yuan Chonghuan, a famous general of the Ming Dynasty, from various border army teams.

Yuan Chonghuan was a famous patriotic general during the Ming Dynasty, and participated in many wars against the Later Jin invasion, such as the famous "Ningyuan Great Victory" and "Ningjin Great Victory", so Yuan Chonghuan can be said to have a great record. And when he was running Liaodong, he found that Liaodong was strong and good at riding horses and archery.

As a result, the "Yuan Inspector" selected strong people in Liaodong to form troops, and later the victory of the "Ningyuan Great Victory" revived the morale of the Ming army. Therefore, in order for the Ming army to confront the Jin cavalry, Yuan Chonghuan carefully trained this cavalry unit with strong combat effectiveness, that is, the "Guanning Cavalry".

The biggest advantage of the "Guanning cavalry" is that in terms of "tactics", there are suitable methods for both offense and defense, and Yuan Chonghuan also has a certain amount of research on European firearms, plus the methods used to deal with the Mongolian cavalry when Emperor Gaozong Chengzu created the "Shenji Battalion", so it has more advantages in defense.

Although the achievements of the Guanning cavalry were impressive, they were not recorded much in history, and it was not until they were later listed as the top ten legions in Chinese history that they were more well known. During the Apocalypse of the Ming Dynasty, in the face of the Later Jin's attack on the Ming army outside the Guan, Yuan Chonghuan decided to form a fierce and fierce cavalry unit to balance the enemy.

In order to repay Yuan Chonghuan's kindness, Zu Dashou and Wu Sangui not only did their best to train the troops, but also suggested to Yuan Chonghuan that the "three-eyed gun" used by Li Chengliang's troops, the "Liaodong General Army" of the Ming Dynasty, was reactivated when they were guarding Liaodong. In this way, the combat power of the "Guanning Iron Cavalry" is stronger!

If Li Chengliang is mentioned, later generations can't help but compare him with Qi Jiguang, because the two were Ming Dynasty generals in the same period, but at that time, one of them was responsible for clearing the Japanese in the south, while the other was guarding the frontier in the eastern Liaodong region, and they both achieved proud achievements.

Li Chengliang was in Liaodong for more than 20 years, not only ensuring the tranquility of Liaodong and making the people prosperous, but also made all the Jurchen tribes at that time relatively docile and always submitted to him. At the beginning, after Li Chengliang was ordered to come to Liaodong, he re-recruited the army and conducted new training, and each soldier was equipped with three war horses and a "three-eyed god gun". Therefore, the Liaodong army of the Ming Dynasty was very strong in combat and could easily defeat the nomadic cavalry.

At the beginning, the Mongolian tribes attacked many times, and Li Chengliang personally led the men and horses to attack, and the harvest was not small. In the first year of Wanli (1573), Li Chengliang built the Kuanshun Six Forts and used them as a frontier horse market, which not only solved the problem of army expenses, but also played a role in monitoring the Jurchen tribes.

During this period, Li Chengliang also sent troops to attack the Jurchen Wang Gao of Jianzhou, who did not obey the command, and captured Nurhachi at the same time. Therefore, when Li Chengliang was alive, Nurhachi had always been deferential to himself like a house slave, and never let the Jianzhou Jurchens be enemies of the Ming Dynasty, because they were separated from there.

Before Li Chengliang came to Liaodong, the combat effectiveness of the army in Liaodong during the Ming Dynasty had declined sharply, and corruption among the generals was rife. In order to change this situation, Li Chengliang started from scratch, re-recruited an army to train him, and made an exception to give each person three horses and a "three-eyed gun". This is tantamount to effectively combining the combat effectiveness of the cavalry with the firearms of the Ming army, and giving full play to the respective advantages of the two services, which is very creative.

Not long after Li Chengliang's newly recruited army was trained, the Mongol tribes came to attack. As a result, Li Chengliang personally led the attack, beheading two leaders and killing more than 600 Mongol cavalrymen. In the first year of Wanli, Wang Gao, the leader of the Jurchen Jianzhou Department, led his troops to invade and attempt to occupy the frontier horse market, and killed the Ming Dynasty horse market officials. So, Li Chengliang was angry and immediately sent troops, and in one fell swoop eliminated Wang Gao's old nest Gule Village, establishing the majesty of the imperial court.

Wang Gao is the "Han name" (1528 ~ 1575), the "Xitara clan" of the Jianzhou Jurchens, and the old surname is "Atuhan" (that is, the "Agu" family), one of the Jurchen nobles in Jianzhou, and the "Aixinjue Luo" marriage. Wang Gao is a descendant of Tongzhi Fancha, the governor of the right guard of Jianzhou, and the grandfather of Nurhachi, the "Qing Taizu". Wang Gao was clever and witty, good at divination, and treacherous repeatedly, leading the Jurchen tribe cavalry to harass Fushun many times, and repeatedly rebelled.

In October of the 36th year of Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty (1557), Wang Gao attacked Fushun, killed the garrison Peng Wenzhu, and wantonly plundered the Liao land of the Ming Dynasty. In May of the forty-first year of Jiajing (1562), Heichun, the deputy commander-in-chief of Liaodong, led the army to clear Wang Gao, but was captured by Wang Gao and killed.

Therefore, Wang Gao committed Liaoyang, robbed Gushan, slightly Fushun and Tang Station, and killed the "commanders" of the imperial court, Wang Guozhu, Chen Qifu, Dai Mian, Wang Chongjue, Yang Wumei, and also killed dozens of people such as Wen Luan, Yu Luan, Wang Shoulian, Tian Geng, and Liu Yiming, the "generals" of the Ming army.

At that time, the Jurchen Hada Beile Wangtai also gradually became stronger, and there was also a lot of friction with Wang Gao, and the latter two alliance ended under Fushun Pass. Dissatisfied with the Ming Dynasty's bullying of the Jurchens, Wang Gao led his troops to rebel against the Ming Dynasty. However, Jue Chang'an was loyal to the Ming Dynasty, so after capturing Wang Gao, he handed it over to the Ming Dynasty for disposal.

In the third year of Wanli (1575), Wang Gao was executed by Ling Chi for rebellion, and more than 1,000 people led by Wang Gao were also slaughtered by the Ming Dynasty.

Wang Gao's son, Atai, later also clashed with the Ming Dynasty. In the conflict, Jue Chang'an and Takshi wanted to take Atai to surrender to the Ming Dynasty, intending to "turn big things into small things and small things into small things". However, the Ming soldiers were very prejudiced against the Jurchen tribes, which led to Jue Chang'an and Takshi being mistakenly killed by the Ming army. As a result, this incident became one of Nurhachi's "seven hatreds" against the Ming Dynasty, because "Jue Chang'an" and "Takshi" were Nurhachi's grandfather and father.

For Nurhachi's maternal grandfather Wang Gao, there is a record in the "Chronicles of the Qing Dynasty": "Wang Gao plundered in the north, and Wang Wutang, Azhugu, Zhunda and other departments plundered in the east. In November of the 44th year of Jiajing, it invaded by the ten forks and trapped Maji Fort. In February of the forty-fifth year, he entered the Yang Fort from the ten forks.

In August of the fourth year of Longqing, it was rushed into Yanjiang and other places from Dazhukou. In addition, it is especially difficult to count such things as Caohe forts and looting people's livestock. Therefore, with Fushun to open the market, the chief first sat in the Fuyi hall, the chief entered the hall by the second, tribute to the local products, the chief is to inspect the horse.

The Jurchen tribute is weak, and he always gives a good price to show his restraint. Gao You was arrogant, and when he went to Fuyi Hall, he snatched the wine. Drunk and criticized, no one dares to heck. There was a new commander who suppressed them and waited for them to go down, and tested the fat and strength of the horse, and led the martingale to lead the crowd to plunder. The imperial court dismissed the prefect for this. Gao Yiqiu. ”

At the beginning, when Li Chengliang defeated Wang Gao, he also captured Nurhachi and his younger brother by the way. However, in order to win over the Jurchen tribes and appease the Jianzhou Jurchens, he did not kill Nurhachi, but stayed in his own home as a slave.

And when Li Chengliang was alive, Nurhachi always said that he would never betray the Ming Dynasty and would always be loyal to Li Chengliang, because the other party's strength was too strong. However, after the history of another time and space was repeated, conflicts between the border army of the Ming Dynasty and the Jianzhou Jurchens could not be avoided, and caused turmoil in Liaodong.

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