Chapter 366: Sweeping the Mongolian tribes of the desert steppe
Last time, it was mentioned that Emperor Chongzhen Zhu ordered the Ministry of Officials to first screen "technical talents" from the bureaucratic system, and then issued an "order to seek talents" to the people of the world.
The so-called "order to seek talents" is not the "pillar material" of Anbang's governance, but is a practical talent who is good at farming, forestry, fishing, animal husbandry, mining, salting, curing diseases, and saving people, because Zhu Youzhen now does not lack bureaucrats and scholars who can stabilize the country for himself, but lacks grassroots technicians who can improve the people's livelihood.
As long as these people have a skill, they will be recorded by the local government yamen, and through the means of "household stickers" and "yellow books", they will be compiled into a "technician" household registration, and their original "use rights" such as acres, land, mountains and forests will be assigned to the "government" for separate distribution, and the "government" will give corresponding compensation.
As a result, these "technicians" no longer rely on farming to make a living as before, but like the "tribute students" of the "Guozijian", they lead the "Yulu" issued by the imperial court every month to support their families. Of course, the task of these people is to assist local governments in guiding the production and operation of the people in accordance with the will of the imperial court.
At the same time, local governments should also be responsible for the unified purchase and sale of the products produced by the people, and in addition to keeping enough for their own production and self-sale, the rest of the grain, melons and vegetables, fruits, poultry, eggs, fish and meat, dairy products, or cane sugar, tea, lamp oil, wine, salt, spices, cloth, clothing, shoes and hats, dishes and chopsticks, pots and pans, jars, tables, chairs and benches, etc., are all put on the market for sale, connecting the townships, counties, prefectures, provinces, and even the whole country into one.
The reason why Emperor Chongzhen was so anxious was because since he obtained the memory and emotion of "Nobel", he suddenly found that the European market economy two hundred years later in a different time and space was extremely developed, and capitalism had already passed the embryonic stage, and had evolved from "commercial capital" to "industrial capital", and perhaps in the near future it would enter the era of "financial capital", because with the rapid development of the market economy, all means of production and production relations will be "monetized".
The so-called "monetization" of all means of production and production relations is the "digitization" of "factors of production" through "financial means", which is called GNP (gross national product) or GDP (gross domestic product). At this time, everything in society that can be exchanged for benefits is monetized.
As long as the "game-makers" control the "right to issue money", they can control everything in the world through "financial means" including "usury", including manipulating public opinion, controlling the government remotely, controlling the army, deposing the king, corrupting morality, trampling on the law, breaking the law and committing crimes, waging wars, and exterminating human nature......
And since Zhu Youzhen listened to the words of "Baby Her Mother", monopolized all the money-making industries in the country into the government and set up "Daming Money Village" and "Four Seas Pawn" everywhere, he sincerely felt how fortunate he was, because as long as he thoroughly controlled the circulation of money in the world, it was equivalent to becoming a "financial hegemon" in advance!
What's more, Zhu Youzhen is still in control of the core technology of manufacturing "gunpowder" and "explosives" in large quantities, as long as he can collect enough grease and metal, then he can easily produce countless guns and ammunition, and it will be easy for the Mongolian tribes that will sweep the desert steppe next, after all, no matter how powerful the nomads' cavalry shooting is, they can't compete with the "firearm" shooting, not to mention the terrifying lethality of the "Lubangun". Thus, the Northern Expedition began.
At this time, the "Qingming Festival" has long passed. After the people from all over the country successively swept the tombs and worshiped their ancestors, they suddenly received official notices from the "post stations" in various places, which was nothing more than that the "Emperor Laozi" was ready to spend a lot of money to recruit people who "specialize in the art industry", regardless of birth and occupation, only looking at the execution and leading role.
In this way, the people of the world reacted strongly, after all, most of them had received the favor of the imperial court before, and it was "real money"! As a result, all the elders who feel that they have a skill are eager to sign up for the competition, but the examination room is a place for their own livelihood and work, and the assessment time is one year. During this year, the imperial court will send "factory guard agents" from time to time to secretly monitor to prevent anyone from cheating.
A year later, after the spies secretly observed and compared the on-the-spot assessment of the local officials, there will finally be a "minister of the Qin Mission" to visit the yamen of the state capitals and counties on behalf of the imperial power, and according to the "household sticker" and "yellow book" to mark that a certain household has passed the assessment, you can rely on the "photo post" and the "certificate" issued by the county government to go to the "Daming Qianzhuang" in various places to collect the travel expenses, go to the provincial capital to gather, go to Beijing to face the saint together, and finally devote yourself to the "Lubanmen" next show their strengths.
Because the Ming Dynasty has made a big disturbance since the new emperor ascended the throne, and a few months ago used force to destroy the "Houjin" in one fell swoop, and by the way, swept the entire Liaodong region, so that many Mongolian tribes who had already surrendered to the "Houjin" ("Manchu Qing") became confused, and they didn't know where to go?
The "Horqin" tribe in the "Southern Mongolia" was the first to fall to the "Houjin", although it was because Nurhachi and Huang Taiji father and son used various means and even marriages to get the "Horqin" tribe, but since the two sides formed a family of sons and daughters, they became a "natural alliance" to jointly fight against the Ming Dynasty in the south and the "Chahar Mongolia" in the west, that is, the "Mongolian Great Khan Lin Dan Khan". Prior to this, the two sides also cleaned up the Wuliangha Mongols who were close to the Ming Dynasty by the way.
"Uliangha Mongolia" is "Duoyan Sanwei". As early as the twenty-first year of Hongwu (1388), Zhu Yuanzhang, Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, sent the general Lan Yu to lead an army of 150,000 out of the Daning Division to go deep into Mobei, and defeated the Mongol army led by the Northern Yuan Emperor Timur near the "Fishing Sea" (Lake Baikal).
More than 100 royal families, including the second son of the Yuan Lord, Di Baonu, concubines, and princesses, were captured. At the same time, 3,000 people from the "King of Wu" Duoer, the "Acting King" Darima and the officials below Pingzhang were also captured, and only dozens of horsemen including the Yuan Lord and the Prince Tianbaonu escaped. After this battle, the Northern Yuan completely lost control of most of the northeast. As a result, the Mongolian tribes in the northeast lost the backing of the "golden family" of the "Northern Yuan", and they had to submit to the Ming Dynasty.
Among these Mongol tribes that returned to obedience were the "Liao King", "Huining King" and "Duoyan Marshal Mansion". Later, in order to strengthen the control and jurisdiction of the Mongols in the western part of Heilongjiang (east of the present-day Great Xing'an Mountains, west of the Songhua River, and north of the West Lamulun River), Zhu Yuanzhang, the Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, decided to rely on the power of the "Liao King", "Huining Wang" and "Heduoyan Marshal Mansion" to set up the "Wuliangha Sanwei" ("Taining", "Fuyu", and "Duoyan" Sanwei) in this area.
Among them, the "Liao King" Aza Lost Li is the "Tainingwei Commander", and the "Tainingwei" is in the upper reaches of the Qulier River and the area of Duoyan Mountain; "Huining King" Haisa Nan Daxi is "Fuyuwei Commander Tongzhi", "Fuyuwei" is in the present-day Taoer River Basin; "Marshal of Duoyan Mansion" Tulu Kuchaer "commanded the same knowledge for Duoyanwei", and "Duoyanwei" was in the present-day Nenjiang River and Wuyuer River basins. This is the origin of "Duoyan Sanwei", because its nomadic area belongs to "Uliangha", also known as "Uliangha Sanwei"
In the early years of the Ming Dynasty, the Ming court gave the responsibility of "Wuliang Ha Sanwei" to "lead their own departments and raise animal husbandry", all of which were subordinate to the Ning King "Daning Dusi", which was in charge of Zhu Quan, the king of Ning, and at that time, the Ning King "was the domain of Daning." Daning is outside the mouth of Xifeng, the ancient Huizhou land, the east is connected to Liaozuo, the west is connected to Xuanfu, and it is a giant town. Ninety cities, 80,000 armor, 6,000 leather chariots, and the three guards of Duoyan cavalry, all brave and good at fighting."
At that time, Zhu Yuanzhang hoped to rely on these "three guards" to directly rule the Mongolian tribes in the western part of Heilongjiang. However, during the Hongwu period, the Ming court was not able to completely control the "Wuliangha Sanwei", because soon after the establishment of the "Sanwei", its leader betrayed the Ming Dynasty again and rejoined the Northern Yuan.
The "Wuliang Ha Sanwei" was really controlled by the Ming court for a long time, but it was during the Yongle period. Things have to start from the fourth year of "Jianwen" (1402) of Zhu Yunwen, the "imperial grandson". Because the "Wuliang Ha Sanwei" iron cavalry, which originally belonged to Zhu Quan, the "King of Ning", made great contributions to Zhu Di, the "King of Yan", in the "Battle of Jingyan", Zhu Di changed the way his father Zhu Yuanzhang "Hongwu Dynasty" treated the "Wuliang Ha Sanwei" by force, and changed it to appeasement.
After Zhu Di ascended the throne and became emperor, he not only gave the rich pastureland of "Daningwei" to "Wuliangha", but also canonized a large number of large and small leaders of the three departments of "Wuliangha" as "Governor of the Governor", "Commander of Tongzhi", "Thousands of Households" and other official positions, and "gave the seal crown and belt and platinum, banknotes, and clothes" to the other party.
Although the Ming court was very kind to the "Wuliangha Sanwei", the leaders of the "Sanwei" were all capricious villains, and they always liked to "rip off the bamboo".
During the Hongwu period, in the second year of the establishment of the "Wuliang Ha Sanwei" by the Ming court, they rebelled against the Ming court. Then, in the Yongle period, although Zhu Di treated the "Wuliangha Sanwei" very preferentially, but in the early years of Yongle, the "Sanwei" invaded Guangning and other places in Liaodong of the Ming Dynasty several times, and in the eighth year of Yongle (1410 AD), when the Ming Dynasty first went north to conquer Tatar, the Ming court once again found that there were "Wuliangha people" who rebelled against the Ming Dynasty and joined the Tatar army.
"Sanwei" acted like this, of course, to annoy Zhu Di. So, in the ninth year of Yongle (1411), Zhu Di sent an envoy to condemn the leader of the "Three Guards" and angrily reprimanded: "Bizher was threatened by Benya, plundered my border guards, and sent Kulie'er to Yunma City to carry out snooping." Is cunning so tolerable? ”
In the Yongle Dynasty, because the Ming Dynasty had a strong army, and Zhu Di fought in the south and north as a hero, even if the "Wuliang Ha Sanwei" couldn't help but rebel from time to time, they were still forced to be loyal to the Ming Dynasty most of the time, because they knew that their strength was not as strong as the "Tatar", but the latter was defeated by the Ming Dynasty.
It is precisely because of the existence of the "Wuliang Ha Sanwei" that it is more conducive to the Ming court to control the northeast region. In this way, Zhu Di never thought of completely destroying the "Duoyan Sanwei". Just when both sides had their own needs, the Ming court and the "three guards" were able to maintain a vassal relationship for a long time in the Yongle Dynasty and even later.
Although the Ming court and the "three guards" were able to maintain a relatively peaceful state for a long time because of their interests, and the "three guards" also relied on the Ming court to make their economy and military growth substantially, but in the "orthodox years" not long after, with the unification of Mongolia by Warat, the good days of the "three guards" came to an end.
At that time, the leader of Warat, Yexian (Esen), had always had the ambition to re-enter the Central Plains and restore the "Yuan Dynasty". As for the Waratbu, if it wants to compete with the Ming court for the Central Plains with peace of mind, it must first destroy the capricious hidden threat of the "Wuliang Ha Sanwei".
As a result, with the unification of Mongolia by Warat, the "Wuliangha Sanwei" became the first obstacle that the Wara Warat army had to conquer first. In the twelfth year of orthodoxy in the Ming Dynasty (1447), the leader of the Wara tribe also led his troops to attack the three guards of Wuliangha, and the two guards of "Taining" and "Duoyan" were forced to surrender, while the "Fuyu" Wei retreated to the Nenjiang River Valley. In the Jiajing period, the remaining "Wuliangha Sanwei" was annexed by the Mongolian Chahar Department and the Horqin Department.
Since then, the real "Wuliang Ha Sanwei" or "Duoyan Sanwei" no longer exists, only those who "dove occupy the magpie's nest" still fraudulently use the name of "Duoyan Sanwei" to pay tribute to the Ming Dynasty grassland specialties to return the living materials they need, but later they were still forcibly annexed by the newly rising "Houjin", and there is nothing to be done.
However, as the nobles and even low-level herdsmen of the "Duoyan Sanwei" or "Wuliangha Mongols" learned that the Ming Dynasty was preparing to sweep Liaodong after defeating the "Houjin", they all came to take refuge in the first place, hoping to serve the Ming Dynasty in exchange for benefits. Of course, the Ming Dynasty just used them to spread the news on the desert steppe, so that the "Horqin" tribe that had previously allied with the "Later Jin" would abandon the darkness and turn to the light, otherwise they would be forcibly attacked and all killed! This is intimidation by force.
Of course, there were also many Mongol tribes who had not had a military conflict with the Ming Dynasty before, so they quickly got in touch with the Ming Dynasty through the Mongols who called themselves "Uliangha", willing to submit to the Ming Dynasty, and asked the Ming Dynasty to agree to their tribes moving south to graze along the Great Wall. In this regard, the Ming Dynasty welcomed it.
Of course, there are also some Mongolian tribes who have had a lot of historical grievances with the Ming Dynasty who do not believe in evil and decide to unite to fight with the Ming Dynasty, such as the "Horqin" tribe of "Southern Mongolia", the "Chahar Department" and the "Warat Department of Moxi Mongolia", and even the tribes of Northern Mongolia are silently sitting on the mountain and watching the tiger fight.
However, when the cavalry corps of these Mongol tribal alliances met with the Ming Dynasty infantry corps on the grassland, there was no one-sided massacre of cavalry against infantry in the past, but countless Mongolian cavalry collapsed under the baptism of bullets and artillery of the Ming infantry.
As later generations said: "Since the advent of the 'Maxim heavy machine gun', the nomads have become more capable of singing and dancing. Although the Mongolian iron cavalry swept across the Eurasian continent and was invincible, it was the peak of the "Cold Weapon Age" after all, how could it confront the new army of the Ming Dynasty at this time?
Not to mention that the range and accuracy of the "rifled gun" are beyond the reach of the nomadic cavalry's bows and arrows, the Ming Dynasty infantry with a surprisingly high ration rate of "smoothbore guns" alone can beat the nomadic cavalry into a sieve before they swarm, not to mention the stronger "rifled guns", "mortars" and "Luban guns"? Therefore, before Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youzhen "drove the expedition in person", the "Liaodong Army" and the "Nine-Border Army", which were equipped with new firearms on a large scale, were already invincible with the assistance of the "new army".
In this way, a bloody massacre in the Mongolian steppe is going on in a frenzy. And Zhu Youxiao and his three junior sisters happily devoured the souls of millions of Mongols, and contentedly refined the corpses of millions of nomads, because wherever the Ming army went, all those who resisted were killed!
In this process, Zhu Youxiao and his junior sisters also used various means to find minerals and even tombs under the grassland, intending to loot all the valuable things, after all, he recently refined various "guns" and "explosives" for the imperial court, which also consumed a lot of resources and needed to be replenished in time.
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