Last time, it was mentioned that Zhu Youxiao caused a sensation after building a "hot wheel machine car" in front of the "Luban Gate", and Zhu Youzhen and his concubines came to the scene in time to solve problems.

"Haha, please get up, all Aiqing!" Zhu Youzhen smiled and said aloud: "I have decided to list and bind a book for you according to your suggestions, so that we can repeatedly verify whether the effect is true or not for a long time in the future. For the time being, there are nine levels as follows. ”

As soon as the words fell, the audience was in an uproar! Everyone thought to themselves, are there "rewards" for many people who have said well? How can there be a "punishment" in the blink of an eye? Just when everyone seemed to be poured a basin of cold water on their heads, Emperor Chongzhen's next words were very exciting, because this was something they had never thought of.

"First, in order to encourage the world's craftsmen to specialize in their respective fields to serve the imperial court, I decided to reward the people who gave advice and advice with a silver tael to show my sincerity. After his suggestions and suggestions are bound into a book and tested by time, a three-year period of investigation will be given, and rewards and punishments will be given after statistical comparison of positive and negative effects';

Second, within three years, after the statistical comparison of various problems fed back from all over the country, those who made suggestions and suggestions at the beginning were rewarded with 3 taels of silver, and those who were invalid were not rewarded. If the effect is unknown, the reward will not be given for the time being, but if this suggestion has a counterproductive effect and causes the 'hot wheel machine to fail' and suffers losses during operation, a fine of one tael of silver will be imposed;

Third, within three years, although the verification effect of his suggestions and suggestions on the 'hot wheel machine car' is unknown, those who verify the good effect on other mechanism objects can receive a reward of 2 taels of silver. At the same time, the losses caused by this advice and suggestions on other 'organs' do not need to bear the penalty for dereliction of duty, but need to be severely warned!

Fourth, within three years, if the total number of suggestions and suggestions exceeds ten times, after repeated deduction and argumentation, the court will reward a minimum of 10 taels of silver and a maximum of 30 taels of silver. At the same time, there is no upper limit on the number of suggestions and suggestions, and the rewards are analogous, but within three years, those who have a total of less than five suggestions and suggestions will not only not be rewarded, but also will not be increased! If there is no suggestion within three years, the amount will be halved and will never be rewarded!

Fifth, within three years, those who can greatly increase the efficiency of the use of the 'hot wheel machine car' by more than three times will be rewarded with at least 30 taels of silver at one time, and those who can be increased by more than 10 times will be rewarded with at least 100 taels of silver at one time! And so on, the better the effect of the suggestions and suggestions, the greater the reward!

Sixth, within three years, the suggestions and suggestions can not only greatly increase the effectiveness of the 'hot wheel machine car', but also can be extrapolated to other organ objects, so that the imperial court can be greatly used, can be rewarded with 300 taels of silver at a time, and cause risks and so do not have to be responsible, but the 'hot wheel machine car' accident, a fine of three years!

Seventh, within three years, the suggestions and suggestions can bring great benefits to the court and the people of the world, and the value is immeasurable, the court not only gives a reward of 500 taels of silver, but also will build a house for him in his hometown of origin, marry a wife and concubine, and inherit incense, so as to show the court's love for money!

Eighth, within three years, the suggestions and suggestions can bring huge benefits to the people's lives and the operation of the court in many fields, the court not only rewarded him with a one-time reward of 800 taels of silver, but also gave him an official position above the 'eight grades', the highest not more than 'six grades', and can enter the court as an official, and even seal the wife and son.

Ninth, within three years, the suggestions and suggestions are not limited to 'art industry specialization', as long as it is of great help to consolidate the rule of the imperial court, so that the world is politically harmonious and prosperous, the imperial court can reward 1000 taels of silver at a time, and give the official position of 'positive five products', plus a mansion, a palace maid, and at the same time announce the world! ”

"What? This...... It can't be, right? And such a good thing? "Five-rank official rank? That's a court official! Hey, hey......", "Palace maid? That's the emperor Lao Tzu's woman! You must cuddle her in your arms, carry her to bed, and sleep with her, and have a big belly and a baby, hehe. "The appearance of all beings.

In fact, what everyone doesn't know is that Zhu Youzhen, the Chongzhen Emperor who has the memory of the "Nobel" Prize more than 200 years later, has already used the "Patent Act" as a reference, after all, if these people are allowed to apply for various so-called "patents" like the "Westerners" of later generations, then I am afraid that their own court will have to pay at least ten times the price to satisfy the other party, because the term of the "patent" is at least 5 years, and at most 20 years, and those who use other people's "patents" must pay.

In this way, Emperor Chongzhen easily controlled the world's craftsmen in the palm of his hand by playing tricks and playing tricks, and in the era of "everything is inferior, only high reading", there are very few people who can enter the court as officials with their own skills, not to mention the late Ming Dynasty when the bureaucratic party struggle?

Sure enough, in the following period of time, Zhu Youzhen and his concubines stayed in the "Lubanmen" to help the "senior brother in charge" Zhu Youxiao manage various personnel and miscellaneous affairs, and by the way, they listened to the voices of these craftsmen, and prepared to screen out some materials that could be made, and Song Yingxing and others bore the brunt.

In fact, in the Ming Dynasty, the handicraft industry was implemented in the "craftsman household system", and the whole family of craftsmen had to participate in production, and from generation to generation, the status was low, and the income was relatively low, basically barely making ends meet. Sometimes, the local government and the yamen will also forcibly conscript artisans to serve and prostitute them in vain.

The Ming Dynasty followed the "artisan household system" of the Yuan Dynasty, dividing the "human households" into three categories: "people", "army", and "craftsmen", while "hunters", "herdsmen", and "station households" are not included in this discussion. Among them, all the craftsmen are handicraftsmen, and there are also many people in the military who serve in the ordnance bureaus under the jurisdiction of the various capitals, called "military craftsmen".

In terms of legal status, these "craftsmen" who were included in the special household registration were generally "private households" with a lower status than "military craftsmen", and they were asked by the imperial court to inherit the original special "household registration" - "artisan households" from generation to generation, and in order to facilitate the imperial court to make up for it, they were not even allowed to divide the households, believing that if the households were divided, they would evade forced labor.

If you want to break away from the original household registration, it is extremely difficult, and you need to obtain the special approval of the emperor. In addition, only by taking the imperial examination can you change your household registration and fate, such as Zhang Juzheng, the first assistant of the cabinet of the "Wanli Dynasty" of the Ming Dynasty, who was actually born in a "military household", and changed his life by being an official.

The labor of the "shift craftsman" is unpaid, and is subject to the control and exploitation of the head of the work officer. If the craftsmen resist by means of sabotage, concealment, or fleeing, they will be severely punished by the government. However, later, the Ming Dynasty had to formulate the "Silver Substitute Service Law" to adapt to the development of the commodity economy.

From the 41st year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1562), "shift craftsmen" were all levied silver, while the government yamen "hired workers with silver". In this way, the "shift craftsman" actually existed in name only. In order to make a living, those who are affiliated with craftsmen are free to engage in industry and commerce, but their personal restraints are also greatly weakened.

Since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the gradual deepening of the "artisan reform" has undoubtedly promoted the development of folk handicraft production. In the following Qing Dynasty, the "craftsman household system" that lasted for four or five hundred years officially came to an end. However, the poverty of ordinary people living at the bottom of society remains the same.

During the Ming Dynasty, when "craftsmen were enlisted", they "entered the bureau every day", worked (part-time) under the supervision of officials, and "arrived at dusk and dispersed", and the work was very hard, similar to 996 and 007 in later generations. Among them, some families are pretentious. Most of them were artisans who had been captured or were forced to become artisans, and they had no income except for salt and grain issued by the government and occasional clothing, so their lives were difficult, comparable to those of later generations of "labor prisoners".

Due to the lack of food and clothing, when the "craftsman household is enlisted", it often happens that the children are coded. The other part is that the craftsmen themselves enter the bureau and "enlist" in the hospital, and after getting a salt grain, they can go home (after work) to work with their families and buy and sell on their own. Most of them are "artisan households" issued from the people.

These "craftsmen" are in a better position than the former. However, officials at all levels of the bureau and the institute still often set up clever names to "catch the wind and catch shadows, and encroach on artisan households to provide food and clothing." Therefore, no matter which part of the "artisan households" is exploited and oppressed, it is actually very heavy, but the degree is slightly different.

Like the "herdsmen", "farmers", "fishermen", "hunters", "military households", "station households" and so on in the "private households", there are also a small number of wealthy "upper households" among the "artisan households", and since the Yuan Dynasty, the government yamen has selected bureau and court officials from among them to be responsible for management, so the treatment is different from that of ordinary "artisan households".

In the second year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1369), the Ming Dynasty government ordered: "All military, civilian, medical, craftsman, yin and yang households, each is allowed to copy the original newspaper as the determination", and it is not allowed to act arbitrarily and become chaotic. "Artisan households" belong to the "Ministry of Industry" and are divided into two categories: "shift craftsmen" and "resident craftsmen".

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, it was stipulated that "shift craftsmen must work once a year or five years, and take turns to serve in the official workshops, with an average of three months per shift." 'Resident craftsmen' serve in the official handicraft workshops for 10 days a month, and if they do not go to work, they must pay a penny a month to be hired by the government. ”

These two types of artisans were free to "take advantage of the work" (arrangement) for the rest of the time outside of their duties, and to a certain extent, they were freed from the shackles of being imprisoned in the government's handicraft workshops all year round. However, the identity of the craftsman is still "the father dies and the son succeeds or the brother dies and the brother dies", and the service is forever full. The children of the craftsmen were recruited into the "Inner Fu Needlework Bureau" and the "young craftsmen" were recruited. In addition to being exempted from some miscellaneous and miscellaneous labor, "artisan households" are not exempt from regular service and tax grain.

The "artisan households" had to be exploited by the officials during their visits, and the eunuchs of the various "supervision bureaus" also occupied the "craftsmen's service". As a result, there are often cases of slacking off or fleeing among artisans. For example, in the tenth year of Tianshun in the Ming Dynasty (1460 AD), the craftsmen fled one after another, and there were once as many as 38,000 people!

On the one hand, the government of the Ming Dynasty tried to appease the "craftsmen", and on the other hand, it sent the fugitive "craftsmen" to the guards to fill the army, and those who did not know about it also filled the frontier.

As a result, in the twenty-first year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty (1485), the Ming Dynasty government was forced to order the "shift craftsman" to fold the cashier two, that is, "the south craftsman each month out of nine dollars, the north craftsman each month out of silver six dollars." After receiving the silver, the "shift craftsmen" can be exempted from going to Beijing to work (see the silver of the craftsman's class).

In the forty-first year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1562), the Ming Dynasty government further reformed the "craftsman service system": each "shift craftsman" paid four coins and five cents of "class craftsman silver" every year, thus abolishing the "shift system". According to the regulations of the imperial court, the "resident craftsman" still needs to work on a monthly errand, so the "craftsman registration system" has not been abolished.

However, with the development of the commodity economy, the personal dependence of the "artisan households" on the feudal state has become increasingly relaxed. In the second year of Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty (1645), the Qing Dynasty government announced the abolition of the "craftsman registration system". These are all later words, because for now, the people at the bottom in the last years of the Ming Dynasty are still very bitter.

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Haha, thank you for your attention, collection, recommendation, subscription and review of this book! As an author, I am very happy and honored to provide readers with a novel that meets the needs of the general public. As the saying goes, "Life is short, but the tip of the pen is slender." "Therefore, the road to cultivation is long, where to find immortality? There is nowhere to go for troubles, and read the people in the book! I hope that the novel "Heaven and Earth Let Me Go" series can bring happiness and insight to everyone!

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