Changing the law and becoming good is a captive of the constitutional monarchy, a puppet of the constitution.

Changing the law and becoming bad is the fate of Louis XVI, and the guillotine is set up for you.

Changing the law, a thankless job for the emperor, so the courtiers could not understand why the emperor supported Zhang Juzheng's reform, and the military, political, cultural, and economic impact would be the most extensive, and under this round of impact, the emperor could no longer maintain his transcendent position above all classes.

The law of the ancestors is immutable, and the translation is: the old Zhu Jiangshan will be passed on forever.

The throne of the little emperor comes from Jiajing, and Emperor Jiajing is grateful to the ancestral tomb for the green smoke, and Emperor Wuzong has no queen.

The side family got the throne by luck, and now they are still messing around with Zhang Juzheng all day long?

In particular, Zhang Juzheng's change should be opposed the most.

Of course, the law can be changed, and the laws of the ancestors can also be changed, but the first priority of changing the law is to unite the people who occupy the dominant position, whether it is war or government decrees, the rise and fall of the Ming Dynasty are all initiated by the meat eaters, and the price is always the largest number of people, or one by one statistics.

The people are not capable of making their own voices heard, it is true that when they make their own voices, they are so deafening, they are so earth-shaking, they make the heavens and the earth change color, and let the society overturn, but they need the shackles of having nothing, they need to be cornered, and they need to lose everything.

And the meat eaters have the right to speak everything, and they can even completely shape the people who are always struggling to make ends meet, into a short-sighted, mean, greedy, and cunning appearance, through the monopoly of education and the right to interpret knowledge, occupy all the wind and public opinion, and finally further control all the power.

Prosperity, the people suffer, death, the people suffer, the Tao has exhausted this fundamental logic, which is the basic logic of social operation.

But Zhang Juzheng's reform is uniting the people at the bottom, the poor coolies, and all the new policies are harshly criticizing the meat eaters and the bureaucrats who occupy the dominant position, why does Your Majesty support this reform?

This is the suspicion of the courtiers, it is indeed for the revival of the Ming Dynasty, but the Ming Dynasty is gradually becoming healthy at present, and if you do it here, you can do it, almost it, the emperor should start his arrogant and lascivious life.

Just like Emperor Jiajing, overcoming the ultimate difficulty, from beginning to end, not forgetting why he set out, and persevering to the end, it takes great perseverance, great courage, and strong force and even violence.

And violence is gunpowder, steel, silver coins, theories, and human hearts.

Yongzheng, the only one in the Tartar Qing Dynasty, Yongzheng's new law on the throne, almost copied all the new laws of Zhang Juzheng, the rule of officials, finance and taxation, etc., and so on the death of Yongzheng, the Qianlong Emperor abolished the paving into the mu on the day he ascended the throne, this is not the end, Qianlong has come up with a system of discussing the guilt of silver, so that the rule of the Tarqing officials, like a mudslide, poured down, and there is no possibility of improvement.

And Yongzheng's new law has goals, programs, systems, and capable officials, and it has been very successful, but once he dies, it will inevitably end up in the end of people's death.

In the eyes of the courtiers and the gentry of the world, the correct change should be to make the cake bigger, and when distributing, ninety percent of the money is given to the meat eaters, and the remaining one is distributed to the poor coolies, so that the poor coolies are grateful to Dade, which is to maintain the rule and the correct change.

Zhu Yijun is indeed making cakes, but he is also taking advantage of the greed of the gentry to take out all the silver they buried in the pigsty, which is a human mine.

Is it Zhu Yijun who doesn't give cakes to meat eaters?

The two brothers Songjiang Sun Keyi and Sun Kehong have something to say, and Pucheng Wang Chonggu has something to say, His Majesty is willing to share this cake for meat eaters, and even has an unrealistic fantasy, hoping that after the meat eaters are full, they will give the poor coolies a sip of soup to drink.

Sun Keyi did donate a lot of money to the Maritime Academy after he was full, and Wang Chongguzheng also listened to the advice of the bosses and made a water air conditioner to prevent the temperature of the wool washing workshop from being too high and hot to death.

As long as he is a person, in the emperor's place, he is a person.

But if he doesn't become a man, the emperor will turn into an unspeakable monster and prevent him from being a man.

Zhu Yijun supported Zhang Juzheng's change of law, including a whole set of new logic, in the lecture again and again, Zhu Yijun and Zhang Juzheng fully determined the feasibility of this logic, and as Zhang Juzheng said, this road is too difficult, and the road is long and obstructive.

It is not easy to do this thing, but it must be done, this is to release the labor force, and the people of the Ming Dynasty who are trapped in labor have no way to enter the factory to work, because they need to serve labor regularly to complete the apportionment of the township and the locality.

Only by freeing the people from labor and private servitude can the productivity of the Ming Dynasty grow further.

Zhu Yijun found that Zhang Juzheng's new policy is always so interlocking, like a grass snake gray line, with a clear context, and he has a clear and definite plan for the national system.

That's why no one can beat him.

The reason for his invincibility is very simple, he is fighting with Taoism, while other courtiers use all techniques.

"Your Majesty, today's semi-monthly issue of Gewu Bao has been delivered." Zhang Hong sent a newspaper that had just been printed, the semi-monthly Gewu Bao, which was a journal of the Royal Gewu Academy, which published many things that were difficult for ordinary people to understand and slightly distant from ordinary people.

"Uncle Huang's first miscellaneous report is to declare war on the retro faction." Zhu Yijun took the semi-monthly magazine, and after reading it, he commented like this.

Recently, the court and China have been arguing very fiercely, about why the water press can only press out the water within three zhang, in this regard, represented by the Gewuin Temple, a group of talented people and strangers believe that it is because of the strong atmospheric pressure, and the Hanlin led by the Hanlin Temple, said that the son is silent and strange, and there is no need to explore.

In this miscellaneous newspaper, Zhu Zaiyu published the principle of atmospheric pressure in detail, but it was not recognized by the Hanlin Academy.

Zhu Zaiyu asked the Hanlin people to come to Gewuyuan on March 15 to prove the existence of air pressure.

And Zhu Zaiyu used a person, a mountain man, and the mountain man is also a hermit and a capable person.

It is a mountain man named Huang Zifu, Huang Zifu is a Yanshi, that is, a puppet master, or a puppet show of the hundred arts artist, he invented a kind of tea beauty, a puppet in a box, a tea beauty, with a mechanism to move, just like a living person, holding a teapot out of the box, for the guests to use, and then slowly return.

The power of this kind of tea wood beauty is actually the water tank on the wooden box, press the switch water down the river to drive the mechanism, as for going back, similar to the car reverse, the wooden plate in the hand of the beauty is actually a lever, after the teapot is empty, the other section of the lever falls, the gear is stuck, and the beauty herself is reversed.

It's four cylindrical gears.

China has gears, from the bronze gears in the pre-Qin period, to the Yuan Dynasty's "Book of Agriculture" and a few years later, there are various gear devices, including transmission gears, ratchets, and horizontal and vertical shaft conversion gears, which are widely cited in agriculture and water conservancy, and Huang Zifu is such a good use of gears.

This thing was later spread to the Wa Kingdom, where it was called the Silk Silk and Tea Boy.

In the third year of Wanli, Huang Zifu was recommended by Tan Lun to enter the court, after Zhu Zaiyu's examination school, he entered the Gewu Academy, responsible for the manufacture of clever things, Tan Lun and Huang Zifu met back to the battle of Pingwei that year, Huang Zifu was Tan Lun's half of the ordnance staff, and later Tan Lun went to Jingtang as an official, and Tan Lun's son ran to secretly play this tea beauty, but was frightened away by two movable wooden snakes.

Tan Lun did not fool Zhu Yijun with the words of gods and ghosts, but asked Huang Zifu to understand the truth.

Huang Zifu has a pair of skillful hands, and has a lot of common topics with Zhu Zaiyu, Zhu Zaiyu collected a fragment of a guqin, and the two discussed the restoration of the guqin.

Huang Zifu is proficient in music theory and has a very good relationship with Zhu Zaiyu, and mechanical inventors often have amazing musical talents, such as John Harrison, who invented the marine clock, is an excellent musician.

And this time Huang Zifu invented a lot of strange things, and the Gewu Institute held a Gewu meeting specifically for his invention and creation, inviting the Hanlin people of the Hanlin Academy to witness the miracle of the atmosphere.

Zhu Yijun was very interested in this Gewu Society, so he asked Zhang Hong for an invitation and went to the Gewu Academy.

On March 15, the sun was shining, and the little emperor changed into his regular clothes, with a long string of tails, and went to Gewuyuan, the reason why he wanted to go was to be a referee.

He clearly knew that the idea of Gewuyuan was right, this was a debate that the Confucians would lose, and the sophistry of the Confucians seemed so weak, because this place that Confucianism never touched, the mystery of the infinite truth of all things, when they could not worship the ancients, when they could not find the expositions of the Confucian sages, they seemed so powerless and embarrassed.

Gewuin is different, and from the beginning of its establishment, Gewuin has been deviant.

Zhu Yijun's car drove in front of the gate of the Gewu Courtyard, stopped steadily, and Zhu Zaiyu took a group of strange people from the Gewu Courtyard to meet His Majesty.

Gewuin desperately needed the support of the emperor, and they only grasped the truth, while the retro faction, represented by the Hanlin Hanlin of the Hanlin Academy, mastered everything except the truth.

It's just attacking each other, and there is no one in charge of the Gewu Academy, which is a natural disadvantage.

But Gewuyuan has a backer, the biggest backer of the Ming Dynasty, the only piece of heaven in the Ming Dynasty, the Emperor of the Ming Dynasty.

The Ming Emperor's support for Gewuyuan was unreserved.

Zhu Yijun saw Zhang Siwen and Jiao Hong, his brows furrowed, and he asked Zhang Juzheng beside him: "Sir, don't you let the children in the family go on a career path?" How did this get to Gewuyuan? ”

After working hard to get into the Jinshi, I came to the Gewu Institute to be a doctor of arithmetic!

"Back to Your Majesty, he likes arithmetic, if he is in politics, there is a minister and his father in the court, and he always has to gossip, or don't enter the official career, he is not that piece of material, this officialdom is the Longtan Tiger's Den, if you are not careful, you will be broken." Zhang Juzheng said with a smile.

Zhang Juzheng knew that his son had no talent to be an official.

To be an official, you have to be able to endure it, but his son Zhang Siwen can't bear it, and even a little stubborn, which is a taboo in officialdom.

For the sake of his father's reputation, Zhang Siwen is also an official who does not care about things, and there will be no dispatch at all, so it is better to come to the Gewu Academy and study the ingenuity of arithmetic.

Besides, is this officialdom a good place? They deceive each other and pour each other out.

Zhang Siwen himself is still the kind of very stubborn donkey, when he enters the officialdom, he only has the unclear end of death, which has nothing to do with whether His Majesty is sheltered or not, Zhang Siwen enters the officialdom, he will really be played to death, and Zhang Juzheng's father will be affected.

Wang Chonggu's son Wang Qian is not like that, Wang Qian's kind of person is naturally suitable for officialdom, ruthless and vicious.

Zhu Yijun looked at Huang Zifu, this time at the Gewu Conference, Huang Zifu is the protagonist, this person is not tall, even a little hunchbacked, a pair of hands are very slender, is a pair of skillful hands.

"Are you Huang Zifu?" Zhu Yijun asked with a smile.

"If you go back to the emperor's grandfather, the grass people are Huang Zifu." As soon as Huang Zifu heard His Majesty's inquiry, he immediately knelt down and replied, standing in front of him was the supreme emperor of the Ming Dynasty, the largest patron of the Gewu Academy, although he looked exceptionally kind.

"Get up, and be called a minister in the future, since you are a doctor of the Gewu Academy, you don't need to be called a grass people, and you don't need to kneel in the future." Zhu Yijun doesn't like people to kneel very much, this is also a privilege, thanks to the ministers of the Ming Dynasty, when they play the right game, they don't have to kneel and play.

"Thank you, Your Majesty, Long." Huang Zifu said with trepidation.

"Take me to see it." Zhu Yijun walked into the gate of the Gewu Academy.

Spring has arrived, everything is recovering, the spring breeze is like a clever girl, slender jade hands, cutting willow leaves, dancing with the wind, willow trees are shady, and the catkins in the sky are flying in the air.

The spring girl cut out the apricot blossoms and peach blossoms, and carefully embellished these flower bones, white as snow, red as fat, and decorated with thousands of purples and reds in spring.

Zhu Yijun walked through the small square at the main entrance, walked through the shade of the trees, and stepped on the catkins into the first floor of the sky.

"Not on the first floor, but on the third floor?" Zhu Yijun asked Feng Bao suspiciously.

Feng Bao said mysteriously: "It's indeed on the third floor, because you can only see it on the third floor." ”

The Hanlin of the Hanlin Academy was also taking over, and when the emperor took his seat, the Gewu Society officially began.

And Huang Zifu took his assistant and began to work.

"First of all, it is the water press published in the newspaper, in order to understand this principle, we made a water press from glass, which looks good and clear, and the traces of water flow." Huang Zifu first demonstrated a water press, but it was made of glass.

Huang Zifu began to demonstrate, and as he pumped, the water began to rise continuously in the pipe, and finally filled the chamber of the water press, and began to produce water, which was pumped one by one, not continuously.

Huang Zifu's demonstration is clear and unambiguous, the artesian water press, does not mean that it does not need to do work, nor is it a perpetual motion machine, it needs to be constantly pumped to produce water continuously, this is a very magical scene, what is it that makes the water surface rise, and does not fall?

This is the force of atmospheric pressure.

Huang Zifu continued: "Minbao's water press has only one chamber, and we have transformed it horizontally into two chambers, so that when the piston is reciprocating, the two ends can pump air or water. ”

This time Huang Zifu took out a reciprocating pumping machine, Huang Zifu held the handle and began to shake the flywheel, the flywheel drove the crank, the crank drove the piston, and the two chambers have water inlets and outlets, the piston reciprocated, driving the valves of the two water inlets and outlets, opening alternately, directly doubling the efficiency.

And this time the water came out continuously.

Sun Jigao stood up suddenly, staring at the completely glass-made, the internal structure is clear and clear, it is indeed a good thing for the people, and as long as there is a power, it will continuously pump water, this power can be manpower, animal power, or firepower.

The key is that Huang Zifu has proved one thing, that is, the change of production tools can improve efficiency.

This is the terrifying effect brought about by technological progress, for the desire to speed is not reached, for those who have machinery must have organic things, those who have organic things must have their hearts, and the machine heart in the chest is pure white and unprepared, pure white is not prepared, God is uncertain, God is uncertain, and the Tao is not carried, these deep-rooted Confucian truths have a very strong impact.

And Sun Jigao couldn't say a word in the face of this iron-clad fact.

"Dr. Huang, it's really a pair of skillful hands." Zhu Yijun couldn't help but admire when he looked at this thing.

Huang Zifu bowed his head and said, "Your Majesty Xie praises it." ”

Zhu Yijun, Zhu Zaiyu, Huang Zifu, Cheng Dawei and others all looked at the Hanlin Academy of Hanlin Academy, and their faces were pale, were they more efficient, or were they retro and conservative, and refused to make any changes?

Huang Zifu and Zhu Zaiyu brought a glass tube, which was about three feet long, and another glassware was filled with mercury.

Zhu Zaiyu introduced a sufficient amount of mercury into the glass tube, and then pressed the glass tube with his hand, penetrated it deep into the mercury, and then let go of his hand, and the mercury fell for a while, and then stopped sliding, and the height of the mercury was 2 feet 2 inches and 8 minutes.

At the upper end of the glass tube, there is a very obvious cavity, and in that cavity, it is obviously not air, but nothing.

"We found that the height of the mercury had nothing to do with the thickness of the glass tube." Zhu Zaiyu took out a thicker tube and started the experiment again, and the height of mercury was still 2 feet 2 inches and 8 minutes.

This scene shocked everyone present, according to the general assumption,

"Later, we experimented with water, and we had already discovered the water press, but it couldn't press more than three zhang of water anyway, so we made a pipe that was more than three zhang high, just outside the window." Zhu Zaiyu motioned for everyone to look out the window.

A glass tube appeared outside the attic, and a three-zhang high platform was built for the test, and the method of testing was the same, a three-zhang high glass tube, filled with water, buckled in the water, and a cavity appeared at the top of the glass tube.

In the attic, it is not clear to see, but when you walk to the position of the railing, you can clearly see it, and there is ink in the water, which is convenient for observation.

"The water is three feet and one foot high, that is to say, more than three feet and one foot, it is absolutely impossible to press the water with a water press." Zhu Zaiyu explained, signaling to the Hanlin Academy that they can go and observe, on this high platform, there is a wooden ruler inlaid with a height.

Sun Jigao took the Hanlin people, looked left and right, and watched for a long time.

"Why is mercury two feet two inches and eight inches high, and water three feet and one foot high? What's the reason for?! Sun Jigao still couldn't believe it, and threw out a question, if Gewuyuan couldn't answer this question, it would be playing tricks and bullying the king.

"Because mercury is heavier, and water is lighter, mercury is about 13.6 times heavier than water, so water is 13.6 times higher than mercury, and this specific gravity changes with temperature, oh, yes, we designed glassware with an inner diameter of one foot by one foot by one foot, filled with mercury to weigh, and then the mercury was drained and weighed in water." Zhu Zaiyu clapped his hands, and there were no five hundred sword and axe hands who wanted the little emperor's dog life.

The two assistants brought up the glassware.

The vacuum is real, the atmospheric pressure is real, and it is certain that the water can be lifted three feet and a foot high.

"If the atmosphere is really pressurized, and it can lift the water three feet high, why won't we be crushed to death?!" Sun Jigao immediately sensed the crux of the matter, if the atmosphere really has a force that can hold water, why hasn't the person been pressed into a cake?

Zhu Zaiyu thought for a while and motioned to his assistant to bring a wine lifter, he inserted the wine lifter into the wooden barrel, pressed the air hole on it, and after lifting the water surface, he released his fingers, and the water in the hollow pipe of the wine picker fell back into the barrel again.

"Got it?" Zhu Zaiyu looked at Sun Jigao and asked.

Sun Jigao shook his head dumbfoundedly, and said angrily: "Answer my question!" ”

There is a Jiao Hong Jiao champion in Gewu Academy, and there is a Sun Jigao in Hanlin Academy, both of which are champions, but the gap is still very obvious.

Zhu Zaiyu thought for a while and said, "Sun Zhuangyuan, take a breath." ”

"Huh? Ah..."Sun Jigao's face was confused, and he really took a breath before he understood the truth, and he also had air in his body.

Zhu Yijun found a very interesting thing, that is, the struggle between the Gewu Academy and the Hanlin Academy, what he has to do as a referee is very simple, is to give a fair fighting environment, then the Gewu Academy can really kill a group of weak chickens in the Hanlin Academy.

"So, in order to prove the existence of atmospheric pressure, we prepared a very novel test." Zhu Zaiyu bowed his head and said, "Please also ask Your Majesty to move outside the first floor of the sky." ”

"Okay." Zhu Yijun nodded and walked towards the outside of the first floor of the sky, waiting for Zhu Zaiyu's further movements.

"These are two copper hemispheres, the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere, with oil-impregnated leather as a padding, and we close the two hemispheres and then pour water from the left hemisphere." Zhu Zaiyu introduced the experimental procedures.

After the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere were closed, Zhu Zaiyu used screws to tightly screw the two hemispheres together, and then began to inject water.

The left hemisphere is the entrance port, and the right hemisphere is connected to a copper pipe nearly four zhang long, when the water is injected into the bubble, Zhu Zaiyu closed the valve on the copper ball, and then twisted the sealing valve a few times, and the ball was completely sealed.

Under the pull of the four strong men, the copper ball was gradually hoisted above a pool, and Zhu Zaiyu let go of the valve at the bottom of the copper pipe, and then the people on the high platform closed the valve on the copper ball, and then tightened the sealing valve above.

The copper ball was put down, and the copper pipe at the bottom was removed, and then Zhu Zaiyu pointed to the copper ball on the ground and said: "If there is no atmospheric pressure, then I unscrew the screws that fix the copper ball, and the two hemispheres should be easily separated." ”

"Sun Zhuangyuan, do you agree?"

"Yes!" Sun Jigao was silent for a moment, gritted his teeth and said.

Zhu Zaiyu didn't move, looked at Sun Jigao and asked with a smile, "What about the other way around?" ”

"The other way around!" Although Sun Jigao didn't want to answer, he still opened his mouth to answer this question, after all, His Majesty looked at him.

"Yes, yes." Zhu Zaiyu just wanted Sun Jigao to say this sentence in person, so that he would not be looking for trouble again.

Zhu Zaiyu began to twist the screws on the copper ball, all the screws were removed, and the two hemispheres were still firmly buckled together.

"Sun Zhuangyuan try to see if you can pull it apart?" Zhu Zaiyu looked at Sun Jigao and said.

Sun Jigao took Hanlin and used all his strength, but he still couldn't pull the copper ball away, Sun Jigao looked at the two hemispheres sluggishly, full of confusion, could it be that this is really the infinite reason of all things?

He would rather believe that there are gods and ghosts in this world than that this thing can be cracked by humans.

Zhu Zaiyu clapped his hands again, signaling to pull the horses of the imperial horse supervisor, a total of more than ten horses on the left and right, and when these horses used up their strength, the two hemispheres were finally pulled apart by the horses.

At this point, it is science.

Sun Jigao ran to the side of the hemisphere and looked at it for a long time, and finally had to admit this fact, the atmospheric pressure really exists, and the faces of the Hanlin Academy are like ashes, and they have to admit that there is really something in the Gewu Academy.

Zhu Yijun originally thought that this was the end here, but Zhu Zaiyu opened his mouth and said: "Your Majesty, in fact, there is not a vacuum in this ball, there are still things in it." ”

"Anything else?" Zhu Yijun was stunned for a moment and asked suspiciously.

"Your Majesty, come with your ministers." Zhu Zaiyu took the emperor back to the first floor, put a glass of water on the plate, and then covered a glass on the plate, the edge of which was sealed by leather and oil.

Zhu Zaiyu called three horsemen and brought a one-way reciprocating water press.

Then the three horsemen began to pull the pistons, and began to extract the air from the vessel, and after only a few strokes, the water began to boil.

"So, in fact, there is steam in the copper ball just now, not a vacuum." Zhu Zaiyu explained why he had to vacuum, because in the inverted test, he found that both the mercury surface and the water surface would boil violently.

This proves that the cavity above the mercury and the surface of the water is not empty, but that there is a large amount of water vapor.

So in the test just now, the copper ball is just a low-vacuum environment, not a vacuum.

Ideally, a reciprocating extractor can be used to extract the air inside, but it is also an ideal state, and it is impossible to get a complete vacuum.

"That's what the minister has discovered." Zhu Zaiyu opened the valve of the glass cover and bowed his head and said.

"Uncle Huang has solved many of my doubts." Zhu Yijun affirmed Zhu Zaiyu's research, and Zhu Zaiyu kicked open the door of science with the Gewu Academy, and began to study and summarize the universal connection between infinite things.

Science is to establish a set of orderly knowledge systems that can explain the laws of development of all things and stand the test through practice, and systematically conduct in-depth research.

That's science.

And Zhu Zaiyu opened the door to science and took Daming into the world of science.

Maybe in the future, people will criticize Zhang Juzheng and Zhu Yijun, but for Zhu Zaiyu, there is only praise.

Although Zhu Zaiyu's achievements today are all carried out with the full support of the little emperor, people will still admire Zhu Zaiyu's intelligence and outstanding contributions to human development.

Mountain man Huang Zifu, good at ingenuity, made as a puppet, movement by chance, no stranger. Taste the carved beauty, holding a tea bag (teapot), and you can move to serve guests. When the guest takes a sip of tea, he waits for it; Returning to the ground, that is, turning its body, still inward-looking. Tan Erhua opened the north of the mansion and went to Yiguan Valley. Leave him for the time being, leave his apartment, and don't open it without permission. Tan's son wants to search for his weapons in order to investigate his skills. When the door was opened, there were two snakes tending to each other from under the bed, and they were afraid of not entering. Tan Erhua is Tan Lun's number. Ask for a monthly pass, woo!!!!

(End of chapter)