Chapter 233: The Great Ming Version of the Emancipation Proclamation
Zhu Yijun was surprised by Wang Qian's execution, and went directly to Sun Jigao, and made a case, which is quite typical.
Sun Jigao was not only held, but his silver was also emptied, which has to say that Sun Jigao's outer room bought worsted wool.
Needless to say, the process of finding the outer room is needless to say, whoever controls the three aunts and six women of the Beijing division will master the list of the outer rooms, this is Wang Qian's core technology, and Wang Qian's control of the three aunts and six women is nothing more than coercion and temptation, and this time, Wang Qian aimed at the stable woman among the six women.
The reason why Wang Qian set the circle of the three aunts and six mothers-in-law to the stable wife, that is, the profession of midwife, is to screen the outer room, but any outer room that can give birth to a son and a half daughter for the master must be the master's favorite and treasure, so he let the outer room give birth to a child.
The vast majority of the masters of Jingtang are from Jinshi, after the carp jumped over the dragon gate, this identity has become noble, how many people greet him with a smile, how many people flatter him? Lack of an outerchamber for this flatterer? So it must be the master who occupies the initiative.
The outer room that can give birth to a child, the status in the master's heart can be imagined, this outer room gives birth to a child, the master can risk a lot of involvement, once he is caught by the Taoist official, it is impossible to be good.
Wang Qian's tricks are actually not unusual, they are just a technique of peeling the skin and seeing the bones, looking for trouble in the outer room, and fighting tigers.
"Sun Jigao, you have finally come to this point." Zhu Yijun looked at Sun Jigao who was kneeling on the ground, and sneered, with some mockery in his tone, this often walks by the river, how can there be no wet shoes? Sun Jigao thought that what he did was seamless, but Wang Qian still caught the flaw and dealt with him.
"Since April of the third year of Wanli, you have accumulated a total of 245,000 taels of silver, and this time you have directly received 170,000 taels of fraud. Zhu Yijun was holding an account book in his hand, and the human and material certificates were all there, and the evidence was ironclad, and Sun Jigao could not deny it.
"The guilty minister deserves to die, Your Majesty spares your life, Your Majesty, spares your life." Sun Jigao did not quibble, because in the prison, Zhao Mengyou had already shown Sun Jigao the physical evidence found by the imperial court.
Zhu Yijun shook his head and said: "Actually, Fan Yingqi and Wang Jiaping also collected money in the second year of Wanli, but they didn't do anything, if you only collect money and don't do things, you won't be able to get to this point, understand?" ”
When the second year of Wanli was examined, Daming had not yet started to fight corruption, so Fan Yingqi and Wang Jiaping only collected cash and did not do anything, even if it was not a fraud in the imperial examination, this kind of apprenticeship ceremony was a willingness to fight and a willingness to suffer, and Fan Yingqi and Wang Jiaping would definitely not return the money.
Zhu Yijun thought of the faces of those two, and he didn't know what to say, standing and greedy for money really showed the true colors of a scholar.
But Sun Jigao should die, he not only does things, but also works very hard, how dare he dare to send exam questions from the Gongyuan? The fifteen people who won the Jinshi this time are the credit of Sun Jigao.
"Since you have been brought to the Wenhua Palace, you have confessed to your dirty deeds, and you will also tell the world." Zhu Yijun took out the file and said: "This time, I'll give you a good break, there is Lao Tishuai." ”
"Obey." Zhao Mengyou walked out and said: "Yesterday, the Metropolitan Procuratorate, the Ministry of Officials, and the Criminal Department issued a driving sticker, asking His Majesty Zhu to approve the seal to investigate and deal with the fraud case of Sun Jigao's scientific field. ”
"Seven red corals, Zhejiang Renhe student Xia Yingzhen gifted, the price is 4,500 taels of silver."
Zhao Mengyou asked people to bring up a red coral, seven trees into a forest, for the phoenix nest, that is to say, only seven corals can attract the phoenix, the same weight exceeds gold, even if it is as wide as the emperor, red coral is also used to make jewelry to wear, not so extravagant to make seven plants as a bonsai ornamentation.
In Taqing, the pursuit of coral, especially red coral, exceeded that of previous dynasties, and the coral pearls hung by the emperor, the collar ornaments of the concubines, the crowns of the court, and the top beads worn by hundreds of officials were all made of red coral.
"One hundred and twenty-seven red gold chains, given by Yang Mao, a student from Ji'an, Jiangxi Province, and others, for a price of 16,256 taels." Zhao Mengyou asked people to carry two more boxes, which were full of red gold chains.
"Is it copper?" When Zhu Yijun heard that it was a red gold chain, why is this big copper chain so expensive?
"It is pure gold, pure gold, as early as the Western Han Dynasty, the clan relatives are preparing honorarium, that is, the gold with high purity is used as a thing to worship the ancestors, most of them are like gold cakes, and most of the gold cakes are concave in the middle, so that the amount is not bad at all." Zhang Juzheng listened to the little emperor's inquiry and immediately stood up to answer the question.
The emperor himself was thrifty, and he didn't know much about extravagant things, and thought that the red gold that Zhao Mengyou moved out was brass in the current context of the Ming Dynasty.
When bronze and brass are first fired, they are very close to the color of gold.
"It's because I don't have knowledge." Zhu Yijun heard Zhang Juzheng's explanation, and suddenly realized, this blames Zhang Juzheng, Zhang Juzheng always uses red gold to refer to brass in the matter of coinage, and he has no knowledge of this extravagant thing, and Zhang Juzheng usually teaches not to talk about this thing.
The purity of the gold cake in the Western Han Dynasty was 99%, which was in kind, and the purity of these gold chains obviously exceeded 99%, which represented the strong smelting technology of the Ming Dynasty, gold purification, which was a technical job.
"Twelve purple cicadas, priceless." Zhao Mengyou took out another set of cicadas for the courtiers to witness together.
"I know that purple weed is seaweed, which can prevent big neck disease together with kelp, but kelp is planted in cold seas such as Shandong, and seaweed is planted in Zhejiang and other sea areas. Zhu Yijun looked at the twelve pairs of cicadas and said with emotion.
Ziying Dump Xiu Soup is seaweed egg drop soup, and egg drop is thrown into it.
Zhang Juzheng bowed his head and said: "Ziying is a kind of jadeite, which is harder than jade. ”
"Where did this thing come from?" Zhu Yijun asked curiously.
Zhang Juzheng fell into a blind spot of knowledge, and he didn't have a deep study of jade extravagance.
"Coming from the Myanmar Propaganda Division, it is a rare and high-quality thing, rare in the hinterland, and priceless in the market." Zhao Mengyou explained that the source of these twelve cicadas Zhao Mengyou is still being traced, but it is certain that it is jadeite from Myanmar.
"Your Majesty, no." Zhao Mengyou saw that the emperor was about to reach out to take those cicadas, and watched, Ti Shuai had never been so flustered, and even roared at the Wenhua Hall to prevent His Majesty from touching those things.
Zhao Mengyou whispered a few times to Zhang Hong with an anxious face, and Zhang Hong's eyes widened to know the purpose of this thing.
"Sun Jigao's outer room Zhao Qiaoniang, a self-desecrated thing." Zhang Hong carefully explained the origin of this thing, his voice was so low that only the emperor could hear it.
Zhu Yijun blinked, retracted his hand suddenly, and retreated, such a luxurious thing actually used the pattern on it to blaspheme himself?
"Our Ming scholars, when it comes to having fun, they can always open my eyes, which is amazing." Zhu Yijun asked Zhang Hong to take this thing.
Zhao Mengyou just didn't disclose the use of this thing, but the courtiers were not confused, Zhao Mengyou was so flustered, and even did not hesitate to violate the etiquette of the correction official, and did not let His Majesty touch the twelve cicadas, even if they had been washed, they were still unlucky.
The courtiers talked a lot, and their reactions were different, some were eating melons, some were exclaiming extravagance, and some people looked a little weak-hearted, probably looking at Sun Jigao, as if looking in the mirror, Sun Jigao played these things, and a considerable number of courtiers obviously played.
He looked at it for a long time before realizing that this thing was probably a purple jadeite.
Zhu Yijun waved his hand and signaled to take it down quickly, and at the same time, he also wondered, how did these twelve cicadas play, did they all stuff them in, or six in the front and back? It should be stuffed before and after, after all, Sun Jigao.
"Three pieces of white jade plate, given by Gu Xiancheng of the Gu family in Wuxi, as a price, 35,000 taels of silver." Zhao Mengyou took out three more white jade plates, this thing is a serious thing, the value is very high, Zhu Yijun picked it up and looked at it for a long time, judging that it has no use value, only exchange value.
Zhu Yijun is like a curious baby, looking at all kinds of strange things presented by Zhao Mengyou, Zhu Yijun really hasn't seen these things, just like a hillbilly who has just entered the city, very curious.
A few years ago, the poor were pants, there were no treasures, there was money in the past two years, and the emperor didn't like this kind of thing, Zhang Juzheng also advised thrift every day, and the palace naturally did not buy any rare treasures, Luo Bingliang's strange goods were sold in Nanyapu, and it is no wonder that the Ming Emperor did not see it.
Zhu Yijun was amazed, he knew one thing here, ambergris, he had seen this thing with his own eyes, or Yin Zhengmao got a big piece from whaling in Luzon and sent it to the palace.
Shark oil was originally a thing of the everlasting lamp, but His Majesty took all the shark oil as lubricating oil, lubricating machinery, and the shark oil could no longer be used as lamp oil.
As an emperor, if he is extravagant, it is an extravagance that the courtiers cannot imagine, but if he refuses to be extravagant, he can also live a very poor life.
"It's all useless things, it's not interesting, Sun Jigao, why don't you have a land deed, there are tens of thousands of acres of land, and the people of Daming can have more than 10,000 people without having to be displaced." Zhu Yijun read all the physical evidence, except for the rare treasures of gold and silver, there were not too many land deeds.
Sun Jigao knew that the emperor and Yuanfu were in Qingzhang, so he naturally did not dare to embezzle the acres of land, the value of these things was very high, and they were also very valuable.
Sun Jigao is a smart person, he knows how to judge the situation, and knows that he can't annex the fields and acres at the moment, and he will be pressed to the ground by Zhang Juzheng.
But he is not so smart, he doesn't know that he is greedy for ink, cheating in the field, and will be killed by Hai Rui, the great Ming sword, maybe people like Sun Jigao actually look down on an honest courtier like Hai Rui from the bottom of his heart, and if he looks down on him, he will naturally have a light enemy.
And Sun Jigao's judgment is right, Hai Rui's magic sword, in the matter of anti-corruption, there are indeed not many means, but Wang Qian's means are endless, no, he suddenly carried Sun Jigao to the Wenhua Hall to humiliate him in public.
For Zhu Yijun, these things are also put in the dust, and they are sold in the Huangzhuang.
Sun Jigao looked at all this with a blank face, the ability of the horsemen to dig three feet into the ground is really powerful, all the goods he hid were raised, and they were also taken to the Wenhua Palace and made public.
Not only did he have to die, but he had to die in humiliation.
His story will be compiled into scripts, plays, and finally scolded for thousands of years.
"Hai Zongxian, set up a high monument for Sun Jigao in the happy stele forest outside Chaoyang Gate, write down his crimes clearly, and some people in the province will say that I am thin and unkind, and I will be harsh on the scholars." Zhu Yijun said to Hai Rui.
Scripts, dramas, or secondly, this happy stele forest outside Chaoyang Gate is the place where the emperor kills people and punishes people, after death, he will be talked about countless times, every imperial examination person enters Beijing, foreign officials return to Beijing, they have to come to the happy stele forest.
A large number of shameless literati who gave gifts to Sun Jigao represented by Gu Xiancheng were all stripped of their fame, and their descendants and clans of five generations were not allowed to take the imperial examination.
This is a very serious punishment, and to put it more seriously, it is that the clan will never be able to enke.
There is such a family in the Ming Dynasty, which was personally decreed by Emperor Taizu Gao, and he was never allowed to participate in Enke, that is, Quanzhou Pu's.
At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Kublai Khan's troops came to Lin'an (Hangzhou), the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the Southern Song Dynasty Emperor Dowager surrendered, and at this time, the Song Dynasty still had a large number of clans staying in Quanzhou, and the Quanzhou Pu family, which was relied on by the Southern Song court, chose to surrender to Hu Yuan, wantonly slaughtered the Southern Song Dynasty clan, and became a knife in the hands of Kublai Khan.
The Southern Song Dynasty court was sorry for the people in the north and south, but it was definitely not sorry for the Pu family in Quanzhou.
After Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, he issued a special decree to ban the Pu family's imperial examination, and the Pu family in Quanzhou, which had prospered for more than 200 years, completely disappeared, and his clan disciples all changed their surnames and fled.
Zhu Yijun dealt with the students who cheated in the imperial examination, and the five generations were not allowed to take the imperial examination, which means that the family of these fifteen people will be cut off for nearly a hundred years and have the opportunity to gain power, so the disciples of their family can only change their names and surnames to the families of others, and no matter who accepts this kind of name change, they must bear the pressure of the imperial court's accountability.
The Ming Dynasty's handling of fraud in the imperial examination can refer to the case of the North and South List in the 30th year of Hongwu.
In the eighth year of Hongzhi, Nanya raised people Long Ni, and Jin Kui, the son of Jin Ze, the chief constitution of the Metropolitan Procuratorate, took the examination on behalf of Jin Kui, and successively passed the examination to raise people to Jinshi, and the people ridiculed it: rich makes ghosts grind, but no learning makes people top the tank; Send it to those who speak in Nanjing, so that they can talk about the bullet stamp.
In the end, this matter was in the Zhengde period, Emperor Wuzong and this Jin Kui played against each other, and found that this guy was unscrupulous and could not do anything, so this investigation found out the person who took the exam, and the final result was just to take away Jin Kui's fame and exile him to the border.
In the forty-fourth year of Wanli, in fact, there was also a bizarre case of fraud in the field, an illiterate man named Shen Tonghe was admitted to Huiyuan, and the final disposition was only to remove Shen Tonghe and the person who took the exam from his reputation and exile him to the border.
Sun Jigao's behavior is too bad, and the entire substitute exam for others is over, he directly leaks the question, he wants to die, the conspirators will be exiled, the fame will be removed, and the clan will not be able to hide.
"Your Majesty spares your life." Sun Jigao knelt on the ground and kept kowtowing to plead guilty, and his head was about to break.
Zhu Yijun looked at Sun Jigao playfully and asked, "Do you have anything else to explain?" I give you a chance to make meritorious contributions. ”
Zhu Yijun is very curious, where did Sun Jigao get the courage, it is normal to look down on him as a little emperor, but to look down on Zhang Juzheng, how stupid is this to think that he can escape Zhang Juzheng's disposal?
It is worth noting that this time, Enke will try to hire Jinshi, which happens to be 15 more than in previous years, Shen Shixing and Lu Tiaoyang, is it intentional or careless? Obviously, Zhang Juzheng has received some rumors and has been investigating, but Wang Qian's movements are faster and he is ahead of Zhang Juzheng.
Zhu Yijun gave Sun Jigao a chance, a chance to make meritorious contributions, the little emperor is bad here, this opportunity to make meritorious service may not allow Sun Jigao to live, but it sounds like as long as he explains clearly, he can live.
Sun Jigao struggled rarely, still kowtowing, begging the emperor to spare his life.
"Pull it down." Zhu Yijun knew that Sun Jigao would not confess, he had already made a choice, he just confessed, if there was no substantive evidence, then Sun Jigao would be a crime plus a bite.
Sun Jigao has no evidence, he can't bite anyone.
The court has a law to do things, but some people are not so gentle.
Sun Jigao was dragged away by the horsemen, he was still begging for mercy loudly, but no one spoke for him, and the fraud in the field was unacceptable to everyone in the Ming Dynasty, this is a dragon gate, not anyone's private door.
Today is the Great Dynasty Meeting, Zhu Yijun's hand touched the Songshu, the courtiers trembled violently, every time Your Majesty touched the Songshu at the Great Dynasty Meeting, most of them were scolding, and the scolding was not swearing, and the scolding was very ugly.
"Wu Guifang, the governor of Caoyun, returned to Beijing to narrate, and announced that he came to meet him." Zhu Yijun said to Feng Bao with a smile.
"Xuan, Governor of Caoyun, Wu Guifang." Feng Bao shouted loudly with his voice raised.
Wu Guifang is an official of the Jingtang of the Imperial History of the Hung Capital, and he went to the local governor, his official title is the Jingtang official, but his dispatch is the governor of Caoyun, so he is still in the category of foreign officials, and this time Wu Guifang returned to Beijing, and happened to meet the great court meeting, and Zhu Yijun specially announced it.
"Greetings to Your Majesty, Long live Your Majesty, long live, long live." Wu Guifang saluted very respectfully.
"Aiqing is flat." Zhu Yijun's smile is very sunny, not at all like the way he chased and beat Sun Jigao just now, as if that look is not him, the speed of the Ming actor Zhu Yijun's face is faster than turning a book.
Wu Guifang gave a detailed account of the transportation of the Grand Canal after the shipping of grain.
Wu Guifang's opinion is: within five years, the burden of grain transportation will be handed over to Haicao, the capacity of the river trough will be released, and the commercial goods from the north and south will be communicated.
And Wu Guifang mentioned a point that few people in the DPRK and China mention, that is, the harm of the Cao Gang.
On this canal, there are a group of gangs with the name of the Cao Gang, they occupy the dock and are divided into five factions, and these five factions are inextricably linked with various folk religions.
The canal does not carry grain but also other goods, isn't this gang still lying on the riverboat like this to suck blood?
This is indeed the case in the eyes of the imperial court, so when Zhang Juzheng was presiding over the affairs of Haicao, he did not talk about this.
Wu Guifang elaborated on the basic logic in the recital, these Cao gangs, their financial resources have a total of two, one is when the grain ship transits, from the grain ship to make profits, rat food, is the food for them; The second is to be bold and right-handed.
To put it more explicitly: these Cao Gangs are all dogs raised by big families, once they lose the benefits of the grain boat, these Cao Gangs raise so many people, they can't eat their mouths, they will bite their masters, then it is not only the court that wants the Cao Gang to die, but also the powerful right.
Then the matter of rectifying the rivers along the canal has become logical.
Zhang Juzheng is not omnipotent and omniscient, and he does not know very much about the survival of the ecological niche of the Cao Gang.
Wu Guifang's report on the affairs of the canal was the first thing he did when he returned to Beijing, and the second thing was Tuntian.
"This Tuntian six discussions, Wu Aiqing will talk about it?" Zhu Yijun was very curious about Wu Guifang's Tuntian Order.
Wu Guifang thought for a moment and bowed his head and said: "First, it is to divide the jurisdiction, the boundaries of the state capitals and counties are unclear, the rights and responsibilities are unclear, and if something happens, it is to pass the buck to each other. ”
"Second, it is to allocate all prefectures and counties to prepare barns and grains, and use the funds for reclamation to dig wells for water, and also to dig out wells, so that the poor people can not sustain the hard work, and there must be investment in reclamation."
When Zhu Yijun heard this, he said a little helplessly: "There has been a locust plague in Jiangxi recently, and Governor Pan is playing, the first thing is to ask the grain officer to be beheaded, and the prefectures and counties have prepared barns, which are empty, and even made a scene of fire dragons burning the warehouses. ”
Wu Guifang has already heard about this, Pan Jitao, a good old man, has directly become Lingyunyi in Jiangxi, not without reason.
Wu Guifang bowed his head and said: "Therefore, it is necessary to divide the jurisdiction, and the provincial roads are often closed and Zuo Buzheng is responsible, and if the canggu is missing, Zuo Buzheng is negligent; If each prefecture prepares a barn and empty barn, the prefect is responsible; If the states and counties are empty, the governors of the states and counties will be responsible. ”
"I understood what Wu Aiqing said, and Aiqing continued." Zhu Yijun really understood the connection between these two things, and it turned out that what Wu Guifang said was interlocking.
Translation and translation is the responsibility system of the granary.
It's probably the following: something happens to the granary in your jurisdiction, and the imperial court dispatches relief, and if you can't transfer food, you will lose your head.
Huang Qing said that he wanted to give money and grain to survive the low yield period of reclaimed fields, Hou Yuzhao said that he would give the road fee, and Wu Guifang said that he would give the funds for reclamation, this is the cost, Zhu Yijun and Zhang Juzheng mentioned more than once, a government decree, if you don't talk about the cost, then you must immediately oppose it, and if you talk about the cost, then it is worth seeing.
There is no doubt that Wu Guifang's recitals are a book worth seeing.
Wu Guifang bowed his head again and said: "Third, it is to imitate the early law of the country, and use the prefecture and county books as agricultural officials to govern agricultural affairs, and those who do not have agricultural officials are also grain management officials. ”
"Agricultural officials and grain management officials should be familiar with the "Agricultural Theory", and when they return to the dynasty to report on their work, they should go to the Baoqi Division to take the examination."
"Agricultural Theory" is an agricultural journal of Baoqi Si Zheng Xu Zhenming, who has compiled agricultural books of the past dynasties for a long time and combined with practice. What kind of food do you have?
And after passing the examination in 3693, the official was promoted to an official position.
"Good!" Zhu Yijun's eyes became brighter and brighter, and his smile became more and more intense.
Wu Guifang suddenly flicked his sleeves, knelt on the ground solemnly, and said loudly: "Fourth, it is to gather the displaced people to give the land, cultivate the powerless, give the cattle breed, and return the official Sanni in the following year." The original owner of the service is recognized, and no dispute is allowed. ”
"That is to say, if the displaced people are summoned to reclaim the famine, and the people who are not able to cultivate the land are not effective, the agricultural magistrate must give the cattle and seeds, and pay off the cattle in three years, and as for the original owners of the displaced people, they think they are unlucky, and they must not sue the officials for robbery."
As soon as Wu Guifang's words came out, the ministers all talked about it, and they couldn't hide their shock from each other.
The landless peasants of the Ming Dynasty and the wanderers in the city were the slaves of the gentry, and Wu Guifang's words meant that the original owner could not fight if the displaced people were summoned to cultivate the fields, which was to restore the identity of the landless peasants and the households in the city.
A Ming version of the Emancipation Proclamation.
Zhu Yijun's fingers knocked on the table, Feng Bao immediately shook off the dust when he saw this, and the correcting officials immediately flicked the sickle in their hands, lengthened their tones, and said in unison: "Silence." ”
Zhu Yijun waited for the courtiers to calm down before asking, "Wu Aiqing, do you know what you're talking about?" ”
"The minister knows, the minister is old." Wu Guifang kowtowed again, he was born in the eighteenth year of Zhengde, and now he is fifty-six years old, maybe he will die one day, he knows what he is talking about, and he knows what he is doing.
"The minister thinks it is very good." When Zhang Juzheng heard this, he immediately expressed his stance and agreed with Wu Guifang's advice. After Wu Guifang entered Beijing, he had already gone to the Quanchu Hall to discuss with Zhang Juzheng, and Zhang Juzheng's attitude was to do it, and he had to do it.
"The minister thinks that this article is what the people want." Wang Chonggu immediately stood up and expressed his agreement, how many murders were caused by this kind of strong personal attachment to the slave relationship? As the secretary of the Criminal Department, although Wang Chonggu always does not do his job, the affairs of the Criminal Department are indeed under his control.
Ge Shouli looked at Wang Chonggu with a smile on his face, after he left, the Jin Party would never make too many mistakes, at least Wang Chonggu would judge the situation and assess the situation, when Zhang Juzheng was alive, Wang Chonggu would never go against Zhang Juzheng.
As for after Zhang Juzheng? Who can see things so far away?
"Wu Aiqing is exempt." Zhu Yijun motioned to Wu Guifang to play the right thing, this book is only the fourth article, he agreed with what Wu Guifang said, and decided to put this Tuntian music and really implement it.
Wu Guifang resisted the decree and disrespected, still kneeling on the ground and said: "Fifth, it is a barren field, then there is no borderland, everyone does what is convenient, and listens to the people's confession." ”
Wu Guifang knew that his speech was easy to cause misunderstanding, so he bowed his head and said: "There are no more barren fields, and there is no longer the private property of his old Liu family, Lao Li family, Lao Zhao family, and Lao Wang's family. ”
"The Han dynasty has loyal and good generations." After listening to this, Zhu Yijun said from the bottom of his heart.
Wu Guifang is not Zhang Dang, he has just come to the present, and he still has not forgotten his original intention of desperately taking the Jinshi examination, and cultivating himself to rule the country and the world with his family.
How many people forget why they set out while walking?
Wu Guifang did not forget.
It can be said that his book hits the fundamental interests of the class of the powerful and wealthy gentry, the land of the means of production and the common people of the means of production.
Zhang Juzheng's Qingzhang, returning the fields, and cultivating the fields are the decrees that alleviate the main contradictions of the Ming Dynasty, and Wu Guifang's recitals are the continuation and supplementary explanations of the Qingzhang return orders.
Asking for a monthly pass, woo!!!!!!
(End of chapter)