The whole Ming Dynasty is actually two people, one is Wang Guoguang, and the other is Bi Ziyan during the Chongzhen period, Bi Ziyan is the household book during the Chongzhen period, he used what he learned in his life, carefully coordinated, carefully calculated, and supported the Ming Dynasty's finances for nearly 10 years.

Nao, alas, the edifice will fall.

Wang Guoguang is the main promoter of the digitization and monetization of the Ming Dynasty's finances, and he and Zhang Xueyan jointly completed the "Wanli Accounting Record", which is a sign that the Ming Dynasty is moving from the traditional feudal dynasty to the traditional feudal dynasty tax in kind, forced labor, to the comprehensive transformation of silver currency, marking the transformation of the tax system of the Ming Dynasty from traditional servitude to taxation.

Of course Wang Guoguang is coming! The Ming Emperor and the three party leaders acted in cahoots and converted the public interests that belonged to the Ming state into private interests, which could not happen to Wang Guoguang no matter what!

Zhang Juzheng, as the first author of the theory of public and private, actually disregarded public interests, of course Wang Guoguang wants to fight for it!

Wang Guoguang roared in front of the palace, this is a loss of honor in front of the palace, but the officials did not do it, because this is not the imperial palace meeting, nor is it the regular dynasty of the court meeting, but His Majesty sees the minister's private play, and Wang Guoguang is the minister of finance and accounting that His Majesty relies on very much.

Zhu Yijun misses Wan Shihe very much, this panacea that values harmony in everything, is not here now, if Wan Shihe is here, this atmosphere will not be so tense.

was ruthless, Wang Guoguang scolded the emperor, Zhang Juzheng, Wang Chonggu, and Tan Lun.

"As Da Situ said, this is my willful intention, and I want the courtiers to find a way to pledge donations, and according to the general principle, I should avoid it." Zhu Yijun looked at Wang Guoguang who was sitting still, and after thinking about it, he also said helplessly, Zhu Yijun, who was quite unreasonable, could even confuse Xu Jie, but he knew that he couldn't win Wang Guoguang if he quarreled.

Wang Guoguang talks about public and private, and it is still the head of Zhu Yijun and Zhang Juzheng.

If you can't win the quarrel, you can only persuade.

Emperor Chongzhen asked the courtiers to borrow silver to settle the widow, and the father-in-law Zhou Kui's family occupied the privately minted business, and the family wealth was million, and finally lent Chongzhen 10,000 taels of silver. What's the benefit of more money.

After Li Zicheng entered Beijing, he copied 520,000 yuan of silver from Zhou Kui's house, hundreds of thousands of precious coins, and countless rare treasures and silk cloth.

In this period of 10 million silver in the seventh year of Wanli, Zhu Yijun's internal money took out 5.5 million silver, and the rest was for the three parties to pledge.

"But now that things are like this, it's better to be like this, this time the state funds will not participate, Da Situ, my words have been released, and the three party leaders have raised all the money." Zhu Yijun looked at Wang Guoguang and said with some embarrassment.

"No way!" Wang Guoguang was very stubborn, he knew that the emperor asked the three parties to pledge this time, in fact, in order to win over the courtiers.

As the supreme emperor of the Ninety-Five, he still needs to pay bribes to his courtiers? In fact, it is not a new thing, and it is also the law of the ancestors.

Emperor Sejong once bribed his courtiers, and the Taoist did not always occupy the advantage in the great ceremonial dispute, Yang Tinghe and the father and son caused great trouble to the Taoist master, and Yang Tinghe had a major assistant to the Ministry of Rites Mao Cheng.

Yang Ting and his father and son refuted Emperor Jiajing's edict to his parents to canonize and call him emperor and empress several times, and Mao Cheng took the scholars and doctors to admonish, which made the Taoist master anxious, and the Taoist master had an idea, and sent a little eunuch to visit Mao Cheng with a bag of gold, and knelt down at the entrance, almost scared Mao Cheng to death.

Mao Cheng was standing at the head of Yang Tinghe, this time Mao Cheng did not speak outright, nor did he join the scholars and doctors, and connected the seven ways to ask for Zhishi, Mao Cheng had his own considerations, and then continued to charge into battle, Yang Tinghe would be fine, he was afraid that he would be nailed to the pillar of shame of the rebellious ministers and thieves, the emperor was so low and pleaded, and he went alone, did not discuss with him, and no longer participated in the battle of etiquette.

Even with the fight, the Ministry of Rites Shangshu Mao Cheng withdrew from the big etiquette dispute, Yang Tinghe lost a big help, and finally the big etiquette battle ended with the emperor's victory, and the Taoist did not treat Mao Cheng badly, with the decision to determine the policy, add Mao Cheng Prince Taifu, the hereditary Jinyi Wei command Tongzhi, Mao Cheng died of illness, and then added the young master, to the nickname Wen Jian, Enyin a son for the middle scholar.

Daoye's bribery was to unite Mao Cheng and some of the scholars represented by Mao Cheng, and to win the battle of etiquette, and Zhu Yijun's purpose this time was to unite all those who could unite and escort the Ming Dynasty's major event of opening the sea.

Zhang Juzheng can't do this matter, as soon as he does it, others still think that he wants to add Jiuxi and want to usurp the throne, he is the first assistant of the empire and the emperor's wife, and then make a huge community of interests to maintain the new policy, it is not to usurp the throne, but to do something?

"Your Majesty, the state funds were already on the boat, and Your Majesty kicked the national funds down! No way! Wang Guoguang immediately said: "Your Majesty, the great cause of opening the sea lies in seizing the day, but also in the endless, 27.12 million in the fifth year of Wanli, 10 million in the seventh year of Wanli, what about after that?" If today's ministers do not fight on the basis of reason, will the state funds still be able to participate in it in the future? ”

If it was only the seventh year of Wanli, Wang Guoguang would certainly be able to follow His Majesty's will, but the qualifications were gone, His Majesty closed the door, and it was difficult for the state funds to come in.

"What Da Situ said is reasonable." Zhu Yijun leaned on the back of the chair and looked at Zhang Juzheng, Wang Chonggu, and Tan Lun, these three masters, at a critical time, began to pretend to be confused, looking at their noses and noses, and looking at their hearts, one by one, they were like old monks, and they didn't say a word.

Even Zhang Juzheng looks like that, he is a loss, but he is unwilling to let go.

"In this way, let's split it again, I have 2.75 million, the national treasury is 2.75 million, and the three families are 1.5 million." Zhu Yijun finally made a decision to split the share of the original internal funds and the internal funds in half.

Cui Min, the eunuch in the house, was immediately unhappy, and kept stabbing Feng Bao and asked Feng Bao to come forward, Cui Min was not qualified to shout in front of these ministers, and Feng Bao, as the eunuch of the ceremonial eunuch, must come forward to protect the interests of His Majesty, which is the duty of the celebrant eunuch.

"No! Absolutely not! Feng Bao immediately said loudly: "Our family can see it, you ministers, you are here to force the palace today!" In the past, there were scholars and scholars who were autocratic and arbitrary, and forcibly seized the imperial court's prestige and fortune from themselves, and the emperor was not allowed to dominate the government. I don't know what you're going to do today? Do you really need that little bit of money from you?! ”

"It's better to summon the cabinet, the five governments, and the six ministries to the Emperor's Gate now, and let everyone in the world see your style!"

"No, no... Isn't this a business discussion? Where is the forced palace? How did it get to the point where the cabinet, the five governments and six ministries were all there? Feng Daban said cautiously, these are all the ministers of the Ming Dynasty! You can't talk nonsense. Zhu Yijun hurriedly persuaded Feng Bao, what a big deal, why did he even make a scene on Qingjun's side?

"Your Majesty said yes." Feng Bao immediately confessed, but looking at the courtier's eyes was extremely vicious, he said sharply: "It is in vain that Your Majesty trusts him so much, he is disloyal and unfilial!" ”

"Where did you get 10 million silver?!" Wang Guoguang can see through it at a glance, one sings black face and the other sings red face, Enwei coexists with both soft and hard, they are all foxes for thousands of years, what are they playing to talk about fasting, and now they are competing for profit, a little trick, just want them to give up?

"There is an inner pocket!" Feng Bao flicked his sleeves and looked at Cui Min, who immediately shook his sleeves, took out a scroll of account books, and put it in front of His Majesty.

Zhu Yijun took a look, and there was really an insider.

Now there are more than 7.54 million silver deposits, and there are nearly 700,000 silver in Quanzhou Zhao's house and ships, and Xu Jie, an old thing, has been tossed for so many rounds, and the gold coins have exploded more than 1 million silver, and the rest only need to wait for 1.2 million gold and silver to be recorded this year, and there will be 10 million silver deposits in the inner bank.

"Really." Zhu Yijun's expression seemed to hesitate.

Seeing this, Wang Guoguang immediately said: "There are also national funds!" ”

"There are also national funds?!" Zhu Yijun said in great surprise, Zhu Yijun knew exactly how much silver there was in the state funds, Wang Guoguang also took out a volume of account books and handed it to Feng Bao, Feng Bao put it in front of the case, Zhu Yijun saw that the state money really had it.

Seven ,700,000 taels of silver in the old inventory for six years, plus this year's balance, is less than 700,000 silver, and the kingdom can find this money in half a month.

Zhu Yijun looked around and said helplessly: "I can see it, all of them have unique skills. I want to eat alone! ”

The noise continued, Zhu Yijun didn't say a word after that, and let the mad dog of the celebrant go out to bite, Zhang Juzheng, Wang Chonggu, and Tan Lun joined the battlefield, and the noise lasted for half an hour, and finally the noise came to an end.

The internal treasury won a complete victory, contributing 5 million silver, the state treasury contributed 2 million silver, and the remaining Chu, Jin, and Zhejiang, a family of 1 million silver.

"The third lady said that she would invest 500,000 silver." After the quarrel ended, Wang Chonggu said the purpose of his coming to leave the palace, this meat is not enough to eat at all, and the third lady really has no qualifications.

Zhu Yijun smiled and said, "Let Mrs. Zhongshun go buy a ship ticket." ”

The best quality investment assets of the Ming Dynasty, in fact, is not the sea, or the land, the contradiction between man and land is still the main contradiction of the Ming Dynasty, the income of the merger of Wanli seven years, as high as three percent, four percent, two years back to the capital, but the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty are in full swing, at this time the merger is completely against the wind, is against Zhang Juzheng, is against the trend.

In addition to the merger, the highest income is the ship ticket, but the ship ticket is risky, even if the Ming ship has a hard sail, boatman, watertight cabin blessing, but the return voyage is only seventy to eighty percent, the risk needs to be evenly spread to multiple ships to ensure returns.

And the Ming Emperor opened the sea to invest in fundraising, and the profit margin was not high, but whoever made this transaction would neither go against the trend nor anger the emperor, the risk was low, and the income was stable and growing rapidly for a long time.

So far, the Wanli seven years of the Royal Overseas Investment Supervision and Administration Commission, in the domestic funds, state funds, the three major party leaders of the friendly exchanges, the successful end, the Ming Emperor still retains absolute control over the Royal Overseas Investment Commission, and the state funds and the Jin Party consolidated their position, the Chu Party and the Zhejiang Party gained a lot, became one of the members.

"Ladies and gentlemen, let's go with me to Beizhen Fusi." Zhu Yijun didn't let a few people leave, but asked a few people to follow him to Beizhen Fusi, naturally sending Xu Jie on the road.

The Xu family of seventy-two and the Zhao family of forty-six, the seven families of Xitucheng a total of four hundred and fourteen, and more than 150 criminals in the private market who were escorted into the Beijing Division, except for Xu Jie, were all beheaded to show the public, according to the Ming Dynasty, the Central Plains of the past dynasties, Xu Jie's identity of the person, at most, that is, a return to his hometown to listen to use, Yan Song and others who were punished by everyone, after being defeated, did not behead the public, but starved to death in the cemetery of his hometown.

Xu Jie's suicide in fear of crime was the result of a compromise between many parties.

"Sir, is politics all about compromise?" On the way to Fusi in Beizhen, Zhu Yijun looked at the fallen leaves flying outside the window and asked in a low voice.

Zhang Juzheng knew very well that His Majesty was dissatisfied, he thought for a moment and said, "Your Majesty, you don't starve Xu Jie." ”

"He's a teacher to sir." Zhu Yijun once again emphasized the identity of Xu Jie, the former first assistant of the Ming Dynasty and the current teacher of the first assistant, this identity, after the death, Zhang Juzheng needs to be scolded a lot.

Zhang Juzheng said nonchalantly: "Just scold two sentences, anyway, the minister's grave has long been full of abuse, I don't care about this." ”

Zhang Juzheng knows very well what he is doing, and he is also very clear about the evaluation of himself in the future, take more infamy, it is more important for Your Majesty to be smooth, the emperor has a knot in his heart, then he can't solve it, Your Majesty is at this age, you should mess around, otherwise you can't mess around when he is gone?

Just like before in the palace study, for the sake of interests, the noisy face is red, not quarreling in the palace study, not quarreling in the Wenhua Palace, you will go to the fight below, you fight to the death, the door is noisy, to the door, to the door, everyone is a respected Ming Gong.

The atmosphere of Beizhen Fusi has not been quite right in recent years, it was originally a gloomy place, because His Majesty often comes, resulting in a little more solemn and solemn in this place, the trees are bare, there is not a single leaf, it is not that the trees here withered earlier, in order to meet the inspection, the horsemen of Beizhen Fusi have all the leaves.

Zhu Yijun saw Xu Jie, Xu Jie's look very bad, and seemed to be frightened by Zhu Yijun's tricks, Zhang Siwei's more than 10,000 pieces of pine resin, coupled with pretending to be a ghost between prisons, made Xu Jie's spirit extremely sluggish, and he was shocked.

"Don't pretend, Xu Jie, you have eaten more salt than I have eaten in your life, and the bridge you have walked is longer than the road I have walked, who are you pretending to be crazy and stupid to show you? Can it really scare you? Zhu Yijun sat on the Taishi chair, looked at Xu Jie's description of the withered appearance, and sneered.

Xu Jie was pretending to be crazy, as if pretending to be crazy like this would make the emperor see his pity and spare his life.

"Ahh Duck legs, hey, hey, hey. Xu Jie slammed into the severed head meal on the table, this is the banquet that Zhang Juzheng bought on the road, worth two taels of silver, and Zhu Yijun also took one tael, which is considered not to let Xu Jie be a starving ghost.

"Bang!"

Zhu Yijun kicked on the table, this kick was strong, and the chickens, ducks and fish elbows on the table were scattered all over the ground, Xu Jie didn't care at all, and picked up the food on the ground and continued to eat.

"Do you want to continue pretending?" Zhu Yijun's hand was held on top of the waist knife, and it seemed that as long as Xu Jie continued to pretend, Zhu Yijun would do it.

Xu Jie immediately knelt on the ground, bowed his head, and said loudly: "The sinner doesn't dare!" ”

"Don't dare? What are you not afraid of? Zhu Yijun sat down, feeling a little sorry for the food scattered on the ground, he spent money, he was a very frugal person.

Zhang Juzheng had already seen that Xu Jie was pretending to be crazy, Xu Jie knew very well, he was not afraid of these at all, Wang Chonggu and Tan Lun glanced at each other, they really didn't see that Xu Jie was pretending to be crazy, if it weren't for His Majesty holding the knife, Xu Jie would not be exposed, when Xu Jie recovered immediately, Wang Chonggu and Tan Lun were extremely shocked, this old man, can knock Yan Song down, not something, but something.

Zhu Yijun gave Zhang Juzheng the opportunity to intercede, Zhang Juzheng has already made a choice, the gentleman keeps his promise, since he has made a choice, he will not regret it.

"Do you know what Ti Rider found out of your house?" Zhu Yijun looked at Xu Jie, frowned and asked.

Xu Jie said in a low voice: "The sinner doesn't know. ”

"A crown of nine dragons." Zhu Yijun said coldly.

Xu Jie raised his head suddenly, extremely shocked, he was full of doubts, as if he didn't hear clearly, and said in a daze: "What? ”

Zhu Yijun repeated: "A crown of nine dragons." ”

Ti Shuai Zhao Mengyou motioned to a Ti Cavalry, took the incriminating evidence, and put it in front of Xu Jie, it was really not a big crime for Ti Cai to detain Xu Jie, it was really found out of this thing, the criminal evidence of the level of the Nine Dragon Crown, to Zhao Mengyou, he didn't dare to cast it privately.

Only the instrument and the name should not be lightly given.

"Sinners deserve to die." Xu Jie saw the Nine Dragon Crown, his body was paralyzed, and he didn't bother to pretend to be submissive anymore, he didn't even kowtow, he collapsed on the ground, looked at the Nine Dragon Crown, and showed a stupid smile.

Xu Jie scratched his head and said with a little embarrassment: "Your Majesty, the minister said that the minister really doesn't know, does Your Majesty believe it?" I knew that there was this thing at home, but the minister still relied on the old man to sell the old, pretending to be crazy and stupid? ”

Xu Jie is telling the truth now, and the twilight aura on his body suddenly becomes richer, and he already knows that no matter what he does, he can't live.

The reason why Zhu Yijun saw that Xu Jie was pretending was that he was pretending, Xu Jie's body had no twilight, no will to die, he wanted to live, but as soon as the Nine Dragons Crown came out, Xu Jie's body was full of twilight, and he already had the heart to die.

"Your own son Xu Heng made it." Zhu Yijun nodded, Xu Jie really didn't know, after Xu Fan left, Xu Jie handed over the family affairs to Xu Heng, Xu Jie was old after all, it is estimated that Xu Heng scolded Xu Jie, an old immortal, more than once, not dead.

Zhu Yijun asked curiously, "Do you regret it?" ”

"No regrets." Xu Jie thought for a moment and shook his head and said.

"How daring! It is worthy of Xu Jie! After Zhu Yijun found that Xu Jie was no longer pretending, he began to tell the truth, and Zhu Yijun also said with a complicated face: "Do you know? During the month you were in prison, the Ming Dynasty, your protégés, some wanted you to die and shut you up, but to my surprise, there were still people who wanted to save you. ”

"But as soon as the Nine Dragons Crown came out, everyone was quiet."

Let Xu Jie's death not be unexpected, save Xu Jie, Zhu Yijun is really an accident, Daming's feudal etiquette of the heaven and earth monarch is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, just because he is a teacher, he knows that he will anger the emperor, and he also said that he will speak for Xu Jie, trying to rescue.

"Confused, the more they save, the more the minister must die." Xu Jie also laughed when he heard this, this kind of person is really stupid and a little heart-wrenching, and the benevolence, righteousness, etiquette, wisdom and faith in the book are deceitful.

"I came here today to ask you why." Zhu Yijun was very curious about this question and asked the person concerned.

Xu Jie said with great conviction: "Your Majesty, the back waves of the Yangtze River push the front waves, and the front waves will inevitably die on the tidal flats, what can the minister do?" Just like opening the maritime industry, Your Majesty would rather choose the Jin Party and Jin Merchants than choose the southeast to cover the luxury households, and the luxury households in the West Tucheng are also under Your Majesty's nose, Your Majesty doesn't ignore us? ”

"In this world, there are disturbances, in fact, in the eyes of the minister, it is nothing more than the word advance and retreat, if the minister does not advance, he has to retreat, but there is no way out, either he was killed by His Majesty, or he was torn apart by the extravagant household."

"In fact, there is also jealousy, why is Zhang Juzheng stronger than the minister, the disciple does not have to be inferior to the teacher, to put it nicely, the more powerful he Zhang Juzheng, the more the minister can't sleep, people are alive, seven emotions and six desires."

Zhu Yijun nodded, Xu Jie's reasons were very good and complicated, he looked at Xu Jie and asked again: "What about Hu Zongxian and Hu Butang?" ”

"The minister hates him!" Xu Jie sat up straight suddenly, his face was hideous, his eyes became red, and he shouted loudly: "The minister hates him!" As far as he is capable, he is noble! He refuses to go along with the dirt, obviously he is a strict party! Yan Song and Yan Shifan are insatiable, he is good, and his family wealth is scattered to pacify! Even the greedy money went to settle the widows! ”

"He's greedy for money to pacify the widows!"

"He lives, and his ministers live like a dead man! Only when he dies can the minister live in peace! Want to be a hero? Heroes don't end well! ”

"Zhang Juzheng, you too! When you are alive, no one can fight you, and when you die, you will definitely not end well! ”

"No good end!" Xu Jie's last sentence shouted out with all his might, Zhang Juzheng, like Hu Zongxian, is an outlier, and he was really made by them, how can a dirty person like Xu Jie, accept that everyone is so dirty, but you want to be a hero?

Zhu Yijun stood up, leaned forward, and suddenly pulled out the waist knife, and in a flash of cold light, Xu Jie's head fell from his neck, and blood spurted out of the neck that was cut off by Pingqi, and everyone present was splashed with blood spurted out, and everyone looked at this scene dumbfounded, no one expected His Majesty to make a move, and it was so decisive.

Zhu Yijun took out a square towel to wipe the blood on the knife, then put the knife back into the sheath and said sharply: "I said that Mr. Yan's fault is dead!" ”

"Xu Jie, you are looking for death."

Xu Jie could still hear that the chief medical officers of the Liberation Academy had done experiments in the execution ground, and their heads fell off, and between the twelve breaths, they could still hear sounds and blink their eyes, and then determined that people's activities were directed by the brain, not the traditional definition of the heart.

People who often kill people know that people's vertebrae are not so easy to cut off, even the executioner needs a bone pry knife to pry open the vertebrae, and then cut off the head, Zhu Yijun's knife is seven years of martial arts skills, Zhu Yijun, the first master of the youth group, is well deserved, only Zhu Yijun himself does not believe it, and thinks Luo Sigong's acting skills are too good.

"Your Majesty, you shouldn't have done it yourself." Zhang Ju said with a complicated face, His Majesty had issued a holy decree before, saying that Xu Jie would commit suicide in fear of sin, Xu Jie was not so loud, and even Xu Jie did not mention Zhang Juzheng, how could the emperor kill people with his own hands!

"Let's clean up." Zhao Mengyou knew it was time to appear by himself, didn't Ti Shuai do this? Half of this is in the palace, half is in the outer court, and the Beizhen Fusi, who is between yin and yang, has to do this dirty work.

A criminal in the imperial court, who died in prison, needs to be signed and detained by the Criminal Department and Shuntianfu, that is, to sew the corpse, how Xu Jie died, everyone knows clearly.

In order to force Xu Jie to confess to the hidden silver, Ti Shuai interrogated and accidentally killed Xu Jie, which is logical.

It is that Zhao Mengyou will fall into a kind of embarrassment of being attacked, just as Ji Gang froze to death and Xie Jin, Wenchen was very dissatisfied with Beizhen Fusi and Dongchang.

"Your Majesty, isn't this self-hanging?" Wang Chonggu immediately remembered his official position, the book of the Criminal Department, the driver's post was written by him, and he also had to sign the autopsy, and he didn't make it difficult to do it, so he made a blank signature, he asked others to write the cause of death, and finally filled in the name, Lu Guangzu, the secretary of Dali Temple, will definitely be willing to help with this.

A criminal department who does not believe that the Da Ming Law can be universally restrained and feels that the Da Ming Law cannot effectively restrain meat eaters is very reasonable.

His Majesty killed someone with his own hands, just a Nine Dragon Crown, it was enough for His Majesty to make a move, even Xu Jie didn't expect that Xu Heng could go crazy to such a point.

Xu Jie's death is not clear, someone must want to attack Wang Chonggu for being a traitor and a minister, but Wang Chonggu has been scolded for seven years, and he has long been used to being scolded, he is also scolded if he doesn't do this, not to mention that Xu Jie was stabbed by His Majesty, that is, His Majesty wants to spoil the third lady, Wang Chonggu will only send someone to tie the third lady to the dragon bed, if the third lady does not obey, pour her a bowl of medicine!

Two hundred and thirty thousand taels of dividends, one million and thirty thousand Jin merchant dividends, enough!

Zhang Juzheng thought for a moment and said: "Your Majesty, the minister thinks that it is appropriate to hand it over to Wang Cifu for disposal, and Ti Shuai is slightly inconvenient. ”

The outer court is still good at dog fighting, and Zhao Mengyou can't withstand the attacks of the courtiers.

Half an hour later, the emperor, Zhang Juzheng and others, who had changed into new clothes, left the prison, and soon entered the post-mortem examination, Xu Jie's suicide in fear of crime became the final judgment, and the court did not make more waves because of Xu Jie's death, and privately made the Nine Dragons Crown Belt and participated in it, which was a joke about the nine clans.

Zhang Juzheng even suspected that the emperor had planned to slash Xu Jie from the beginning, because in front of the Xu Mansion, His Majesty's hand was pressed on the waist knife, and he was going to make a move.

Ask for a monthly pass, woohoo!!!!!!!!!!!!!

(End of chapter)