Attack Yuezhou

Bust of Qian Biao

In the second year of Zhonghe (882), the Yuezhou observation intensified the conflict between Liu Hanhong and Dong Chang, and ordered his younger brother Liu Hanyou and Duyu Hou Xinyue to enter Xiling (northwest of present-day Xiaoshan, Zhejiang) to annex Hangzhou. Qian Biao led the Badu soldiers to cross the Qiantang River, attacked Liu Hanyou, and burned his camp. Liu Hanhong ordered his troops to send troops to Zhuji and Xiaoshan, and then personally led the army to supervise the battle, but they were all defeated by Qian Biao. He Su and Xin Yue were killed in battle, and Liu Hanhong disguised himself as a butcher and fled back to Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang).

In the fourth year of Zhonghe (884), Tang Xizong took the eunuch Jiao Jufan as the envoy of Hangzhou-Yue Tong, and ordered Dong Chang and Liu Hanhong to strike troops and reconcile. Neither of them would obey the edict and continued to fight. Liu Hanhong ordered Zhu Bao, Han Gongmei, Shi Jiancheng and others to lead the naval army to garrison Wanghai (now Zhenhai, Zhejiang).

In the second year of Guangqi (886), Dong Chang ordered Qian Biao to attack Yuezhou, saying that he would grant Hangzhou to Qian Biao after occupying eastern Zhejiang. Qian Biao then led the army out of Pingshui, opened the mountain road for 500 miles, and went straight to Cao'e Dai (about 40 miles southeast of Shaoxing today), and surrendered Bao Junfu, a general in eastern Zhejiang. He repeatedly broke the eastern Zhejiang army, entered Tunfeng Mountain, and then broke through Yuezhou. Liu Hanhong was defeated and left Taizhou (now Linhai, Zhejiang), and was captured by Du Xiongsheng, the assassin of Taizhou, and sacrificed to Qian Biao, and was finally beheaded in Huiji. Dong Chang occupied eastern Zhejiang, and then claimed to be "aware of the military affairs of eastern Zhejiang", moved the town of Yuezhou, and ceded Hangzhou to Qian Biao.

Occupy the western part of Zhejiang

Colorful image of Qian Bi

In the third year of Guangqi (887), Dong Chang was officially appointed as the observer envoy of Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), and Qian Biao was the general of the Zuowei and the assassin of Hangzhou. Soon, there were mutinies in Zhejiang West Road and Huainan Province. Zhenhai Jiedu made Zhou Bao expelled by his subordinates Liu Hao and Xue Lang and fled to Changzhou, and Suzhou under his rule was also captured by Xu Yue, the general of Liuhe Town. Gao Yu, the envoy of Huainan Jiedu, was imprisoned by the general Bi Shiduo. Qian Biao ordered Cheng Ji and Du Ling to break through Changzhou and take Zhou Bao to Hangzhou, but Zhou Bao died of illness soon after. Du Ling also captured Runzhou (Zhenhai Naval Administration, now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu), drove Liu Hao away, and captured Xue Lang.

In the first year of Wende (888), Qian Bi executed Xue Lang to pay tribute to Zhou Bao, and then ordered his younger brother Qian Jiao to break Xu Yue, and was appointed by Tang Zhaozong as the defense envoy of Hangzhou. At the same time, Yang Xingmi, the assassin of Luzhou, also raised troops to attack Huainan Province, and fought with Sun Ru and Qian Biao in Huainan and western Zhejiang. After several years of fighting, Yang Xingmi finally killed Sun Ru, occupied Huainan Province, and also captured Runzhou and Changzhou in Zhejiang West Road. Suzhou was occupied by Qian Biao. In addition, Qian Biao also incorporated part of Sun Ru's remnants and established the Wuyong Capital, which improved the combat effectiveness of his subordinate troops.

In the first year of Jingfu (892), Tang Zhaozong set up the Weisheng Army in Yuezhou and appointed Dong Chang as the envoy of the Weisheng Army and the king of Longxi County; He also set up the Wusheng Army in Hangzhou, and took Qian Biao as the training envoy of the Wusheng Army. At this time, Qian Biao occupied several prefectures in western Zhejiang, and appointed Du Ling, Ruan Jie, Gu Quanwu, Shen Song, Pi Guangye, Lin Ding, Luo Yin and other civil and military talents, and his power gradually grew.

In the second year of Jingfu (893), Qian Biao was promoted to the observer of Suzhou and Hangzhou, and conscripted 200,000 people and 13 soldiers (the original Hangzhou Badu plus Zixi, Baocheng, Longtong, Sanquan and Sanzhen) to build Hangzhou Luocheng. Soon, Tang Zhaozong worshiped Qian Biao as the envoy of the Zhenhai Navy and the assassin of Runzhou, and recognized his right to rule the West Road of Zhejiang. In the first year of Qianning (894), Qian Biao was given the honorary title of prime minister of Pingzhangshi under the Zhongshu Sect and became the prime minister.

Pacify Dong Chang

Qian Bi

In the second year of Qianning (895), Dong Chang established himself as emperor in Yuezhou, established the Great Yue Luo Ping Kingdom, changed the Yuan to Shuntian, and appointed Qian Biao as the commander of the two Zhejiang. Qian Biao sent a letter of advice: "Instead of being the emperor behind closed doors, suffering with the nine clans and the people, it is better to be a festival envoy and be rich for life!" Dong Chang didn't listen. Qian Biao led 3,000 soldiers and horses to Yuezhou, met Dong Chang in person, and persuaded him again. Dong Chang had no choice but to plead guilty to the imperial court. In May of the same year, Tang Zhaozong cut off Dong Chang's official title, and named Qian Biao as the envoy of Zhejiang Dongdao and the king of Pengcheng County, and ordered him to crusade against Dong Chang. Dong Chang ordered Chen Yu and Cui Wentun to soldiers in Xiangyan and Shihou, and asked Yang Xingmi, the envoy of Huainan Jiedu, for help.

In the third year of Qianning (896), Yang Xingmi sent an army general An Renyi to rescue Dong Chang. Qian Biao ordered Gu Quanwu to attack Yuezhou, kill Cui Wen, and defeat Xu Xun, Tang Jiu, Yuan Wei and other generals. Soon, Gu Quanwu broke through Yuezhou and captured Dong Chang. On the way to Hangzhou, Dong Chang committed suicide by throwing himself into the river in Xixiaojiang. In October of the same year, Tang Zhaozong changed the Weisheng Army to the Zhendong Army, appointed Qian Biao as the envoy of Zhenhai and Zhendong Towns, and added the inspection of the school captain and the Zhongshu order, and gave iron coupons to forgive his nine deaths.

In the fourth year of Qianning (897), Qian Biao went to Yuezhou, officially accepted the appointment of the envoy of the Zhendong Army, and then returned to Hangzhou, with Yuezhou as the eastern capital. Since then, Qian Biao has basically controlled the two Zhejiang, forming a separatist force. In the first year of Guanghua (898), Qian Biao moved the Zhenhai Navy Administration from Runzhou (which had been occupied by Yang Xingmi) to Hangzhou, and added the school Taishi. Tang Zhaozong also hung his portrait on the Lingyan Pavilion, and changed his township to Guangyi Township Xunguili and Yijin City.

Xu Xu's rebellion

Po Liujing

After pacifying the hostile forces in the two provinces, Qian Biao basically stopped the large-scale conquest. However, due to the enemy on three sides, it still experienced many border defense battles, and the main opponent was Yang Xingmi, the envoy of Huainan Jiedu.

In the second year of Tianfu (902), Qian Biao entered the king of Yue. Soon, Wu Yongdu commanded Xu Juan and Xu Zaisi to take advantage of Qian Biao to patrol Yijin City, raise troops to rebel, and attack the inner city of Hangzhou. Qian Biao sneaked into Hangzhou, sent Ma Xuan, Wang Rong, Du Jianhui and others to defend each city gate respectively, and ordered Gu Quanwu to go to Dongfu to prepare for the change, in case the rebels occupied Yuezhou. Gu Quanwu was worried that the rebels would ask Huainan for help, and suggested that Qian Biao marry Yang Xingmi. Qian Biao then asked his sixth son, Qian Chuanhui, to go to Guangling (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu) with Gu Quanwu and propose to Yang Xingmi. And Xu Juan really asked the Huainan general Tian Hao (then the envoy of Xuanzhou Jiedu) for help.

After Gu Quanwu arrived in Guangling, he lobbied Yang Xingmi and said: "If Tian Hao is successful, it will be a trouble for the king's henchmen." If the king recalls Tian Bao, King Qian is willing to take his son Qian Chuanhui as a hostage and marry you. Yang Xingmi then married his daughter to Qian Chuanhui and ordered Tian Hao to return to the army. Tian Hao had no choice but to return to Xuanzhou with Xu Juan and Xu Zaisi, but he kept Qian Di's son Qian Chuanqian as a proton, and asked for 200,000 yuan in military money. In the third year of Tianfu (903), Tian Hao rebelled, but was suppressed by Yang Xingmi. Xu Juan was captured by the Huainan Army, and was immediately loaded into a car by Yang Xingmi and sent to Qian Biao. Qian Biao ordered Xu Juan to be executed.

Founding of the People's Republic of China Wu Yue

Qian Bi

In the first year of Tianyou (904), Qian Biao went to the court to ask for the title of King Wu Yue, but was rejected by the court, and was later renamed King Wu due to the mediation of Zhu Wen. He established the Hall of Meritorious Heroes and engraved the names of 500 Binzuo generals on the tablet to record his achievements.

In the first year of Kaiping of Later Liang (907), Zhu Wen usurped the Tang Dynasty as emperor, established the Liang Dynasty (Later Liang), and named Qian Biao as the king of Wuyue, and concurrently served as the envoy of Huainan Jiedu. Qian Biao was unwilling to miss this opportunity to be Sun Quan, and did not listen to the suggestion of his subordinate official Luo Yin to "refuse Liang's life", and accepted the canonization of the Liang Dynasty.

In the second year of Kaiping (908), Zhu Wen added Qian Biao as the order to keep the Chinese book, and changed his hometown Lin'an County to Anguo County. In the third year of Kaiping (909), Qian Biao added the Taibao. In the first year of Qianhua (911), Qian Biao added the order of Shangshu, concurrently served as the commander of Huainan, Xuanrun and other provinces, and established a shrine in the Yijin Army. In the second year of Qianhua (912), Zhu Yougui, the king of Ying, killed his father and usurped the throne, and respected Qian Biao as his father.

In the first year of Zhenming (915), Zhu Youzhen, the king of Jun, staged a coup d'état and seized the throne. In the second year of Zhenming Dynasty (916), Qian Biao sent to appease the judge Pi Guangye to pay tribute to the Central Plains, and was crowned as the marshal of the soldiers and horses of Zhudao. In the third year of Zhenming Dynasty (917), Zhu Youzhen added Qian Biao as the marshal of the world's soldiers and horses, and allowed him to set up the marshal's mansion and set up official subordinates. In the fourth year of Zhenming Dynasty (918), Huainan Jiedu made Yang Longyan send an army to seize Qianzhou (now Ganzhou, Jiangxi), blocking the land transportation of Wu Yue to the Central Plains from the north. Qian Biao had to change to the sea route to pay tribute to the Beijing Division.