511, "lunisolar calendar"

"Lunar calendar", also known as "lunar calendar" means that the moon follows the "white path" around the earth for one month, and then cooperates with the earth along the "ecliptic" to circle the sun for one year, which is actually equal to the "lunisolar calendar", China adopted this calendar before the Republic of China era (1912), in order to be commensurate with the current calendar, so the name is called the "old calendar". Most people think that the lunar calendar is suitable for farmers, and the name is called "lunar calendar", but in fact it is not so, the 24 solar terms commonly used by farmers have a close and regular relationship with the solar calendar; The 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar have no rules that are easy to understand and remember.

Why? So, you see: there are 24 solar terms in a year, counting 12 solar terms and 12 solar terms, that is, there is one solar term and one solar term in a month. Every two solar terms are separated from each other, that is, the time from the festival of January to the festival of the next month, or the time from the air of January to the air of the next month, on average about 30 days and four-tenths of the time, and the number of days in the lunar month is 29 and a half days, so about every 34 months, there must be two months with only festivals and no air, and there are qi without festivals, and there are festivals and no air months, that is, the leap month of the lunar calendar, and the month with air and no festival is not a leap month. Therefore, in 2006, there are two festivals in the first month of the lunar calendar, "Lichun" and "Lichun" in December, and on the 29th day of the seventh month of the leap month of this year, there is only the festival of white dew.

Farmers work hard to harvest, often to the solar terms as the standard, since the use of the solar calendar, the general farmers, for the 24 solar terms, such as the loss of basis, are inconvenient, in fact, the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar must be checked in the calendar, in order to find out, and the 24 solar terms of the solar calendar, announced in 12 months, but there is a certain date, the difference is only one or two days, easier to remember.

Here's how solar terms relate to lunar months:

The first month of the beginning of spring, the rain is the first month, the stinging is the February festival, the spring equinox, the second month, the Qingming March Festival, the valley rain, the third month

Lixia April Festival, Xiaoman April Festival, Mangzhong May Festival, Summer Solstice May Day, Xiaoxia Juneteenth Day, Great Heat June Season

The beginning of autumn and the seventh month of the summer and the seventh month of the summer and the August festival of the white dew and the August festival of the autumn equinox and the cold dew of the ninth month of the frost fall in September

Beginning of Winter October Festival, Light Snow October Weather, Heavy Snow November Festival, Winter Solstice November Festival, Xiaohan December Festival, Big Cold December Weather

And the 24 solar terms of the solar calendar have a song that says:

Spring rain shocks spring clear valley day, (beginning of spring, rain, sting, spring gong, Qingming, valley rain)

Summer is full of mang, summer and summer are connected, (Lixia, Xiaoman, Mang, summer solstice, small summer, big heat)

Autumn dew and autumn frost fall, (beginning of autumn, summer heat, white dew, autumn equinox, cold dew, frost fall)

Winter snow, snow, winter small and cold. (Beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice, small cold, big cold)

The two sessions per month do not change, with a maximum difference of one or two days.

In the first half of the year, it was six and twenty-one, and in the second half of the year, it was eight and twenty-three.

Regarding the 24 solar terms of the solar calendar, there is also a "solar term poem":

The earth revolves around the sun, and it is a year to complete one revolution. The year is divided into twelve months, and twenty-four festivals are closely connected.

According to the Gregorian calendar, the two gases do not change every month. The first half of the year is June and 21, and the second half of the year is every 8th and 23.

These are all festivals, and there is no more than a day or two. The twenty-four verses are in order, and the following formulas are memorized.

In January, the small cold is followed by the big cold, and in February, the spring rain is connected; The spring equinox of the sting is in March, and the rain in the valley of Qingming is in April.

May Lixia and Xiaoman, June Mango summer solstice; The summer heat and the small heat in July, the beginning of autumn and the summer in August.

The white dew in September is followed by the autumn equinox, and the cold dew and frost fall in October; The beginning of winter light snow in November, heavy snow winter solstice to welcome the new year.

Seize the season to busy production, planting and harvesting in time to ensure a bumper year.

The earth revolves around the sun, which is called one year, that is, one year, and the climate of one year is uneven, one is due to the different areas where we are located, and the other is due to the different distances of the earth from the sun. In the northern hemisphere, when the earth travels to the Tropic of Cancer at 23 degrees 27 minutes 45 seconds south latitude, it has oblique sunlight, so the climate is cold, which is called the "winter solstice", and when it travels to the Tropic of Cancer at 23 degrees 27 minutes and 45 seconds north latitude, it has to be orthogonal, so the climate is hot, it is called the "summer solstice", and the opposite is true in the southern hemisphere. From winter to summer, when the earth travels to the middle of the orbit between the winter solstice and the summer solstice, the cold and heat are moderate, which is called the "spring equinox"; From summer to winter, when the earth travels to the middle of the orbit between the summer solstice and the winter solstice, the climate and the vernal equinox, etc., are called the "autumn equinox". The spring equinox, autumn equinox, summer solstice, and winter solstice are the four seasons.

Since the spring equinox, if the week is divided into 360 degrees, then the spring equinox is appropriately 0 degrees, the summer solstice is 9 degrees, the autumn equinox is 180 degrees, the winter solstice is 270 degrees, and then the distance of 90 degrees is divided into sixths to obtain 15 degrees per minute, and there are 24 15 degrees in a week, which is divided into 24 solar terms.

The four seasons are:

Meng Chun is the first month of Jianyin Duanyue

In the middle of spring, February was built in the flower moon

Jichun March Jianchen Tongyue, Taoyue

Mengxia April was built in Meiyue

Midsummer May Jianwu Pu Yue, Durian Moon

Season summer and June are not built in Liyue, Heyue

Meng Qiu July Jianshen melon month

Mid-autumn August Jianyou Guiyue

In the autumn and September, the chrysanthemum moon was built

Mengdong October Jianhai Yang Moon

Midwinter November Jianzi Jiayue, winter moon

Season winter and December build ugly wax month

Each of the 24 solar terms has a specific meaning, and the name of the solar term already indicates the meteorological conditions and changes of all things during this time.

The summer solstice and winter solstice indicate that a hot summer and a cold winter are coming. The hottest month in China is July, and the summer solstice is June 22 (Gregorian calendar), indicating that the hottest summer is coming; The coldest month in China is January, and the winter solstice is December 23, indicating that the coldest winter is coming, so it is called the summer solstice and winter solstice. And because the summer solstice has the longest day, and the winter solstice has the shortest day, in ancient times, it was called the day length solstice and the day short solstice.

The spring equinox and the autumn equinox represent the equinox of day and night, and the two days and night are equal, which were collectively called the day and night equinox in ancient times. These two solar terms are between the beginning of spring and the beginning of summer, the beginning of autumn and the beginning of winter, and the spring and autumn are divided into two halves, so there are also interpretations of the spring and autumn equinoxes.

The beginning of spring, the beginning of summer, the beginning of autumn, and the beginning of winter, according to the method of dividing the seasons in ancient Chinese astronomy, is to take the four lili as the beginning of the four seasons, and from the beginning of spring to the beginning of summer as spring; From the beginning of summer to the beginning of autumn, it is summer; The beginning of autumn to the beginning of winter is autumn; From the beginning of winter to the beginning of spring, it is winter. Standing means beginning. Therefore, the four solar terms refer to the beginning of spring, summer, autumn and winter.

Rain means that the winter with little rain has passed, the rain has begun, and the amount of rain has begun to gradually increase.

Stinging is the meaning of hiding, the animal burrows into the soil to hibernate for the winter called stinging, to the second year after the spring and then drill out of the ground to move, in ancient times it is believed that it was awakened by thunder, so it is called stinging. From the day of the sting, thunder can be heard, and insects and small animals that are hibernating underground are awakened by the thunder and excavated.

Qingming The weather is sunny and warm, and the grass and trees are beginning to green. The clean and clear scenery replaces the cold winter scene of withered grass and trees.

Valley rain rainfall increased significantly, and the rain promoted the growth and development of cereal crops, which was called rain hundred grains in ancient times.

Xiaoman The grains of summer ripening crops begin to be full, but they are not ripe, so they are called Xiaoman.

Miscanthus refers to a miscanthus crop, and the seed is a seed. Miscanthus seeds indicate that the seeds of miscanthus crops such as wheat and barley are ripe and ready to be harvested.

Small heat, big heat Summer means hot, and it is the hottest season of the year. The small heat is the beginning of the heat, and the big heat is the hottest time of the year.

In the heat of the summer is to stop, to hide. Heatstroke means that the hot summer is about to "hide".

The temperature of the white dew decreases after the summer, and the night temperature has reached the condition of dew, and the dew condenses more, showing white dew.

Cold dew The temperature is lower, the dew is more, and it is cooler, so it is called cold dew.

Frost Fall The climate is getting colder, and hoarfrost is appearing.

Light snow, heavy snow In winter, the weather is cold and it starts to snow, and when it snows lightly, it begins to snow. When it snows heavily, the snow falls heavily and there is snow on the ground.

Xiaohan, Dahan Han means cold and is the coldest season of the year. The climate begins to be cold, known as Xiaohan. The coldest time of the year is called the Great Cold.

The number nine is from the winter solstice, 19, 29, 39, 49...... As for "Ninety-Nine", a total of eighty-one days, the coldest of all. "Spring hits sixty-nine heads", "ninety-nine sunny days", because five nine forty-five days, the first day of sixty-nine is the forty-sixth day from the winter solstice, the two solar terms are separated by an average of fifteen days, from the third solar term after the winter solstice, the first is a small cold, the second is a big cold, and the third is the beginning of spring, so the beginning of spring must be on the first day of sixty-nine.

512. Revolution and rotation

The number of volts, not from the summer solstice, "the summer solstice three Geng will count the volts", in the summer solstice after the third Geng day is the "first volt", if you do not check the almanac, I am afraid that it is difficult for ordinary people to calculate! The fourth Geng day is "in the volt", the sixth Geng day is "the end of the volt", is called "three dogs", in the dog days, the weather is the hottest, between the two Geng days is ten days, the number of days between the first volt and the summer solstice is not necessarily, the minimum is twenty-one days, the most is thirty days, the last day of the end of the volt is at least fifty-one days away from the summer solstice, and the summer solstice to the beginning of autumn is forty-five days, so "there is a volt after the autumn" and "there is the beginning of autumn in the three dogs".

Here, the storyteller would like to explain to you: "Baidao" is the orbit of the moon around the earth, symbolizing official and public officials; The "ecliptic" is the Earth's orbit around the Sun, and the Macau Police is the ecliptic; The "underworld" is the track run by the sinister and wicked, symbolizing the organization of the underworld; The "equator" is a circumferential line that circles the earth's surface at an equal distance from the north and south poles, which is different from the "equator of the sky"; The "greenway" is the track for the activities of bandits, green forests and grasses; "Red Road, Blue Road" is the track of women's activities in Hongchen Qinglou; The "Blue Road" is the orbit of all the stars above the blue sky; "Purple Road" is the way for purple gas to come from the east, and to prosper in official and financial fortunes. The so-called "black and white road", "zodiac auspicious day", "zodiac day", "zodiac sign", you can understand it! As for the other paths, such as mountain roads, water roads, curved roads, Yong roads, grain roads, esophagus, avenues, middle roads, small roads, old roads, official roads, humanitarian roads, tunnels, and heavenly roads、。。 , Yangguan Dao, Yang Dao, Yin and Yang Dao, Righteous Dao, Tongdao, Knowing, Evil Dao, Slope Dao, Ghost Dao, Demon Dao, Buddha Dao, Dao, Bird Dao, Cat Dao, Dog Dao, etc.

Let's talk about this kind of lunar calendar, because of the different years of the year, and four situations: Qin Jianhai, that is, the first day of the tenth month of the current lunar calendar is the first day of the first month. Zhou Jianzi, that is, the first day of the first month of the eleventh month of the current lunar calendar is the first day of the first month. There is a sentence in the four books of Mencius, "between July and August, the drought will be seedling", the so-called July and August, that is, May and June of the current lunar calendar. Shang Jian Chou, that is, the first day of the twelfth month of the current lunar calendar is the first day of the first month. Xia Jianyin, with March of the Zhou calendar as the first month, for the month of Yin (November for the sub-month, December for the ugly month), the New Year's Spring Festival couplets often write "bucket handle back to Yin", which means here. Because the current lunar calendar is the lunar calendar adopted by the Xia Dynasty in the first month of Jianyin, it is also known as the "summer calendar".

Revolution is the rotation of a celestial body around another celestial body, which is called revolution, not the abbreviation of "Gongchuan" in "The Legend of the Ram in the Spring and Autumn Period". The planets in the solar system, namely Venus, Jupiter, Mercury, Mars, Saturn, Neptune, Uranus, Pluto, and the Earth, all revolve around the sun, or the moons of each planet revolve around the planets, which are called revolutions. Among them, the sun is the star, the moon is the satellite of the earth, and the high-tech products launched and revolve around the earth, such as the "artificial earth satellite", the "spacecraft", and the "Shenzhou (Zhou) No. 8 orbital module" are also a type of satellite. And every celestial body, whether it is a star, a planet or a satellite, such as the sun, the nine planets, the moon, the stars, the "artificial earth satellite", the "spacecraft", the "Shenzhou (state) No. 8 orbital module", etc., is itself "rotating (transmitting)". Therefore, aerospace technology is an important indicator of a country's comprehensive national strength