709, "Waiting for Work with Ease"

In the west of Shuiguo Town, 15 kilometers southwest of Bin County, Shaanxi Province, there is a mound of soil with a length of 7 meters from east to west, 21 meters from north to south, 3 meters high in the east, and 2 meters high in the west. In front of it, there is a stone tablet of "the tomb of the former Qin king Fu Jian", which was erected by Bi Yuan, the governor of Shaanxi during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. This is the mausoleum of the former Qin king Fu Jian (338~385). This former King of Qin was Fu Jian Fu Daxia, who had led an army of 900,000 and an army of 80,000 troops of Xie An and Xie Xuan's uncle and nephew of the Eastern Jin Dynasty through the battle of Huashui and was discredited.

At this point, it is necessary for us to take a look at the long river of history, look at this war model of "waiting for work with ease", and see how Fu Jian, the king of Chang'an Qin, who was a hero, ended up in defeat?

During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Fu Jian, the king of Qin in Chang'an, launched a large-scale military campaign again after unifying the north, and marched south to the Jin Kingdom. At that time, Fu Jian took Fu Rong as the commander, commanded an army of 900,000, and approached Jianye (now Nanjing) from all directions. Sima Yao, Emperor Xiaowu of the Jin Dynasty, who was partial to the south of the Yangtze River, in order to resist the invading Qin soldiers, worshiped Xie An as the governor of the capital, and Xie Xuan as the governor of the forward, and the total army was only 80,000 people.

After Xie Xuan gave the order, the disparity between the enemy and our forces was too great, so he went to see the metropolitan governor Xie An in person and asked for a military plane, Xie An only said a few words lightly: "There is no need to talk about it, the emperor naturally has instructions!" Helpless, Xie Xuan could only withdraw, and then send his subordinate Zhang Xuan to request. As soon as Zhang Xuan entered the door, Xie An invited him to play chess at the villa on the mountain, and he didn't see him off until the evening, without even saying a word about the military.

Lang Huan Chong, the assassin of Jiangzhou who guarded the western capital, was also worried that the powerful Qin army would press the border and could not resist, so he wanted to send 3,000 soldiers and horses back to Yidu to defend it, but Xie An refused again, saying that he would leave these 3,000 men and horses to guard against the enemy in the west.

Soon, the Qin army began to launch attacks in various places, Shouyang, Shencheng and other important places fell one after another, and General Hu Bin, who went to the front line to help, heard that Shouyang had fallen, so he had to retreat to the second line to deploy defenses in the area of Xiashi.

In addition, Liang Cheng, the Wei general of the Qin State, and others also had 50,000 troops stationed in Luojian and were ready to move. After Xie Xuan found out, he set up camp twenty-five miles away from Luozhang. Unfortunately, General Hu Bin, who was stationed in the Gorge Shizhi, sent people to Xie Anxunli to ask for grain and grass, and this messenger was captured by Fu Rong's generals, and asked about the strength of the Jin army, knowing that the Jin army was only 80,000 people, and was full of joy, and immediately notified Fu Jian, the king of Qin, who was in Xiangcheng, to invite Shouyang to study the general attack plan.

When Fu Jian arrived in Shouyang, as a result of the military meeting, he surrendered to the Jin army, and sent Zhu Xu, the assassin of Liangzhou, who was originally a Jin official who was taken captive, as a lobbyist.

Zhu Xu met with Xie An and the generals, and explained his intention and his intention to be the internal response, and revealed the situation in Qin: "Liang Cheng, the vanguard of the Qin army, is a brave and unscrupulous man, and is now stationed in Luojian, it is very easy to attack, and it is also time, if the million army arrives, it will be really difficult to resist, it is better to take advantage of the fact that the army has not yet gathered, quickly concentrate on eliminating Liang Cheng, frustrate his spirit, and continue to attack to break Qin." After careful consideration of this advance plan, Xie An immediately sent the general Liu Jiaozhi to wave an army of 5,000 to cross the water to attack Luojian, and Liang Cheng was killed in three or two rounds, and the Qin army was ownerless and all collapsed. After a victory in this battle, the morale of the Jin army was greatly boosted, and they immediately waved their troops to Shouyang by land and water, and the army was stationed in the water belt.

One night, Xie An summoned his nephew Xie Xuan to see him, and said: "The king of Qin is newly defeated, he did not dare to advance lightly, he wants to retreat and is afraid of being laughed at, and when he is making a panic decision, you can attack in a hurry, I want to go back to Kyoto, and attack with the heart of the Lord. ”

At this time, the Qin king Fu Jian lined up the army along the north bank of the river, and the Jin soldiers could not go further, forming a stalemate of confrontation.

Xie Xuan wanted to lead the enemy army out to fight, so he sent a sergeant who could speak well to call the enemy's division Fu Rong on the other side of the river to reply: "I am ordered by the governor of the capital to worship the general immediately." If you go deep into our land, you will not advance, and you will not retreat, it is really not a decisive strategy. If you are brave and determined, you can retreat an arrow to the land, so that our army can cross the river to fight, why bother to hold on for a long time, work your own division, and waste grain and grass? ”

Fu Rong told Fu Jian these words, thinking that we were outnumbered, and even if we retreated, it would be no big problem, and we could take advantage of the time when they crossed the river to intercept the waist. He ordered the troops to retreat ten miles. Seeing that his formation was in chaos, Xie Xuan quickly ordered his troops to cross the river in the middle of the night in two ways, and took advantage of the wind to burn the enemy camp. When the Qin soldiers saw this, they panicked and escaped. Zhu Xu, who was in the enemy formation, also instigated some soldiers who were originally from the Jin State to surrender and shouted loudly: "The Qin soldiers have been defeated, run for your life!" The soldiers in the back fled desperately, and the soldiers in front also ran desperately, and the whole formation was in chaos. The Jin army pursued fiercely, and the Qin army collapsed, and the 900,000-strong army lost seven or eight tenths overnight. What a! Stupid pig! It's infuriating!

Since then, the Jin Kingdom has turned from danger to safety, and Fu Jian's first hero, after this battle of Shuishui, his reputation has been lost, but in a few years, he was finally divided into his country. The Former Qin regime was replaced by the Later Qin established by Yao Chang and Yao Xing. In the north, the upper echelons of various ethnic groups under the control of the former Qin Dynasty established dozens of separatist regimes, and a situation of re-division appeared. They are fighting each other and at war. These separatist regimes mainly include Hou Yan, Western Yan, Southern Yan, Northern Yan, Great Xia, Western Qin, Northern Wei, Southern Liang, Later Liang, Western Liang, Northern Liang, etc. This period was the period of war and chaos in the Sixteen Kingdoms of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in Chinese history.

Murong De, the lord of Southern Yan, was originally the king of Fanyang of Later Yan, and the town of Yecheng (now southwest of Linzhang, Hebei) was long. In 396 AD, the Northern Wei army marched south and captured the important towns of Houyan, Jinyang, Changshan, Xindu, and Zhongshan, and dealt a near-devastating blow to Houyan. Since then, Houyan has been cut off into two parts, the north and the south, that is, the southern swallow and the northern swallow. Murong De in the south was repeatedly trapped by the Wei army, and in 398 AD moved to Huatai (present-day Huaxian County, Henan) to establish Nanyan, and because Huatai was attacked on all sides, he moved the capital to Guanggu (northwest of present-day Yidu County, Shandong) the following year. Among these separatist regimes, the more powerful regime was the Northern Wei Dynasty, and the Southern Yan and Later Qin were bordered by the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

After the Eastern Jin Dynasty fought for power and profit, it originally recovered the six prefectures of Bao, Yan, Qing, Si, Henan, and Liang (now Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Henan, and southern Shaanxi), but soon due to the internal struggle for power and profit in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, these places were regained and lost, and were occupied by Southern Yan and Later Qin. In the rebellion of Sun En, Zhao Yi, and Huan Xuan, who broke out soon after, Liu Yu, who was born as a civilian, became a general of the Che Cavalry for suppressing the uprising and quelling the rebellion, and mastered the military and political power of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Later, Liu Yu actively launched the Northern Expedition, and the first target was listed as Southern Yan, eliminating Murong Chao, the lord of Southern Yan. Until now, when the five generations of the remnants of the Tang Dynasty were in turmoil, Lu Longjiedu made Liu Shouguang's Murong Shanxue as a descendant of the Murong family, and tried to persuade his cousin, that is, the courtier of Cheng Fugui, the son of Chang'an Tianzi, "the first shot of the Beijing Division" Murong Shanshui to launch an uprising, fire the guns of the Imperial Forest Army in advance, and rebuild the Southern Yan Kingdom, but I didn't expect that "the ambition died before the body was paid", and was killed by Liu Shouwen's subordinates Wang Jinlong and Wang Jinfeng, but Murong Shanshui was killed by the assassins of the Prime Minister's Mansion and the violent corpse wilderness, the descendants of Nanyan, The last glimmer of hope has finally been extinguished!

Looking back at the long history of the past and present, people all sigh: where will the ancient and the modern meet, and the barren mound is gone. There are several lines of names and surnames in the history, and there are countless barren hills in the north. The fields of the predecessors and the descendants of the people receive, what do you say? The mountains have faded through the ages, and the sound of water has flowed through the years. The clouds and rain have risen and fallen, looking back on the general appearance. The scenery is good and the night is cool, and the spring flowers are fragrant. After a hundred years of life experience, it is not as good as the seat in front of the bottle.