780: "Thirty-six Strategies" The first set of winning strategies

Dunhuang, a dazzling pearl on the yellow sand beach in the Western Regions. She ushered in a new day, which was the thirteenth day of November in the midwinter of the third year of Liang Kaiping, that is, the third year of Anqing in Chang'an (909).

On the teaching field, Murong Tianshui and the soldiers of the whole army were listening to and watching the deputy envoy of Zhenxi, General Song Kejin Song, on the handsome platform——

"We have no way of knowing the author of the Thirty-Six Strategies and the date when it was written. It can be said that it is the culmination of the 'sophistry' of ancient soldiers, and it is a military book specializing in military strategy. However, these 36 schemes inevitably also contain the tricks and conspiracies of deceit, plunder, and annexation in the war of secession, and many of them are named because they are sticking to idioms, and they are inevitably far-fetched. However, the military strategy thinking in this is of value to the world, and it is worthy of serious study by all officers and men of our army. All right! Let me first give a brief introduction to the military book "Thirty-six Strategies", and then we will take a closer look at the full text.

The thirty-six counts are not divided into volumes, and the whole book is divided into six sets, and in each set of counts, there are six counts, a total of six six and thirty-six counts. The name of each meter is mostly taken from the widely circulated idiom allusions, and the image is easy to remember. The order of each count is to first produce the name, then to interpret the language, and then to add the language. The first half of the explanation is mostly quoted from the Art of War, and the second half is mostly quoted from the Book of Changes, and the meaning is more difficult to understand. But rest assured, I will give a layman's explanation of each explanation, and then briefly give examples for reference, so that we can easily understand. Let's move on to the text. ”

All in all

Six-six-thirty-six, there is a technique in the number, and there is a number in the operation. Yin and Yang are rational, and the mechanism is in the reason. The machine cannot be set, and the setting is not successful.

The meaning of this phrase is that the product of the number of six or six in Taiyin is thirty-six, and there is a strategy in the objective reality, and the use of the strategy should also be based on the objective reality of development. By understanding the contradictions of objective things, we can grasp and apply strategies. Strategies must not go against objective reality, and rely solely on subjective imagination to copy rigid schemes, otherwise they will lead to failure. ”

The first set of winning strategies

The first plan is to hide from the sky and cross the sea

Preparation is slack; Common is not undoubted. Yin is within yang, not yang. The sun is too cloudy.

"Hiding from the sky and crossing the sea, that is, as the saying goes, 'crossing the sea is a fairy'. If you think that your precautions are very thorough, you will easily relax your fighting spirit and paralyze the enemy; What you are used to seeing often no longer doubts. The secret scheme is hidden in the exposed, not in opposition to the open form. What is very public often contains the most secret.

In a situation where people are controlled or in an unfavorable environment, if you want to take the initiative and turn the crisis into safety, it is easy to have this kind of idea of hiding from the world. Because this plan is to take advantage of the other party's momentary negligence, and it does not necessarily have a direct threat or harm to the other party, and it is easy to use, easy to achieve, and easy to retract. But it is different from covering your ears and stealing the bell, covering your ears and stealing the bell is to deceive others, but it is self-defeating, but you have made yourself confused; Hiding from the world has a set of plans, a certain goal, and fooling people in the palm of your hand. However, although the consequences of the two are different, they are both based on hacking, and if you can deceive it, you will be a 'fairy who crosses the sea', and if you can't deceive, you will become a 'turtle in an urn'. The so-called distinction between smart, foolish, virtuous, and unscrupulous is just a board apart. Typical examples of this trick (ghost) trick are: 'False transmission of the holy decree, Wei Gongzi Xinling Jun stole the talisman to save Zhao; Hiding from the sky and crossing the sea, Qi Jiang took advantage of the drunkenness to send heavy'. ”

The second plan is to encircle Wei and save Zhao

It is better to divide the enemy than to share the enemy; The enemy yang is not as good as the enemy yin.

This means that it is better to fight a concentrated strong enemy than to mobilize and disperse it before fighting; It is better to strike first than to strike later.

From this, I also summed up a battle strategy: that is, the preemptive strike should be used to surprise and attack the unprepared; If the enemy strikes first and his momentum is strong, we will avoid his sharp spirit and wait for his strength to decline and use the second strike. The strategy of 'encircling Wei to save Zhao' was used by Sun Bin, a military strategist of Qi in the middle of the Warring States period and a descendant of Sun Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period, and won the victory of Guiling of Qi and Wei and later the Battle of Maling, and finally forced Pang Juan, the commander of Wei, to commit suicide in anger. ”

The third plan is to borrow a knife to kill

The enemy is clear, the friend is undecided, lead the friend to kill the enemy, do not contribute by himself, and deduce with "Loss".

"The enemy's situation has been clear, and the attitude of the allies (generally referring to the third force) is not stable, so it is necessary to induce the allies to destroy the enemy in order to preserve their own strength, and be good at using the logical reasoning calculation of 'loss and benefit' in the hexagram of "loss".

When you have no way to do it, or when you want to preserve your own strength and are limited by the objective environment, you don't do it yourself and ask others to carry out your intention to kill, this is called killing with a knife. To kill someone and to borrow a knife is to kill with a false hand. Although murder is cruel, there are many people in the world who should be killed, and there are many who should not be killed in vain. There is no need to study benevolence, righteousness and morality at all, what is killed, whether this person should be killed or not, in short, 'those who oppose me die'. This is an extremely common principle in Chinese history. But there is also a distinction between virtuous and foolish in killing: stupid uncle kills, straightforward white knife goes in, red knife comes out, on the surface is both heroic and happy, but in this way, it is difficult to escape the punishment of the law, and he will be treated coldly by the world, saying that he is cruel and tyrannical; And smart murder will not be like this, the gun does not need to be done by himself, openly using the law or fake hands on others, in this way, the goal is achieved, and an extra layer of sesame oil can be applied to the mask of benevolence, righteousness and morality. It is said that in this Central Plains martial arts turmoil, the 'Four Gang Leaders' and the 'Eighteen Sect Leaders' fought with all their might, and they were used to kill people with a knife! ”

Fourth, wait for work

Trap the enemy's momentum, do not fight; Loss of rigidity and softness.

"Forcing the enemy in a difficult situation, not necessarily by means of direct attack, but according to the principle of the mutual transformation of rigidity and softness, we can practice active defense, gradually wear down and exhaust the enemy, and make it from strong to weak, and I will naturally change from passive to active.

The idea of waiting for work with ease comes from the military battle chapter of "The Art of War", "The military treats the near and the far, and the leisure waits for the work". That is, in terms of tactics, it means to take the initiative first and deal with the enemy's attack. By extension, as long as you are well prepared in advance, calmly deal with external intrusions, no matter what, you can be called 'waiting for work with ease'. When using this strategy, you must be calm and adaptable, estimate your opponent's environment and intentions, as well as the strength of each other, pay attention to changes in things vigilantly anytime and anywhere, and move like a mountain before the time is ripe. Therefore, dealing with things and being a person are different; Doing things is today's thing, and the faster the efficiency, the better; As a human being, especially when dealing with a complex personnel issue, procrastination is a good solution. Procrastination is not cowardice, nor is it a means of shirking, it is a means of contingency, to make one's will not be tempted by sudden events, so that oneself will always stand in the initiative position, this is the so-called 'delaying policy'. On the positive side, it is to try to exhaust the opponent, frustrate its spirit, and then wait for an opportunity to attack and make it collapse. That is, as Sun Tzu said, "hidden under the nine earths, moving above the nine heavens". This strategy, if used well, can defeat the strong with the weak and the outnumbered, and many great battles in history have turned the tide as a result. Han Xin captured King Zhao, Liu Xiu attacked Wang Mang, Sima Yi intercepted Qishan, Zhou Yu set fire to Chibi, Cao Cao broke Yuan Shao in Guandu, Xie Xuanzhan Fu Jian in Weishui, and the Spring and Autumn Period's 'Santong Drum Cao Di Shengqi', all of which were based on the strategy of defeating the crowd with few, and the disadvantage against the advantage' based on 'waiting for work' worked. ”

Fifth, take advantage of the fire to rob

If the enemy does great harm, he will take advantage of the situation. Rigid and soft.

"When the enemy encounters difficulties and crises, he takes the opportunity to send troops to win the victory. This is the strategy of the strong to take advantage of the situation and defeat the enemy in a difficult situation in one fell swoop.

"The Art of War: The Shape of the Army" begins with the words, "Those who are good at fighting are invincible first, and then they are invincible when the enemy is victorious." You can't win against yourself, but you can win against the enemy. That is to say, waiting for the enemy to make a mistake before we take the opportunity to attack and win, which is also a kind of robbery while the fire is fired, or it is a preemptive strike, which is the so-called 'victory because of the enemy'. However, if the subjective initiative is brought into play to create the objective conditions for victory, it is also a strategy to take advantage of the fire to loot. Taking advantage of the fire to rob is to take advantage of the opportunity to fight. There are two ways to plan this plan, namely arson and robbery mentioned above and robbery while the fire is burning.

Taking advantage of the fire to rob is to take advantage of the danger of people to fish in troubled waters; Arson and robbery is to set fire to oneself, and then shout to the thief to catch the thief and achieve one's own attempt. Whether it is taking advantage of the fire or arson, its purpose is also to rob others and enrich itself. Although he didn't do it himself, he acted passively, and passive was not a hero. The eldest husband often has to take the initiative in doing things, and always wants to rely on others to create opportunities for himself, but he can formulate a route so that others can create opportunities for himself. This explanation of arson and taking advantage of fires, like the changes of water and air, is always in the final analysis always putting one's own interests above the suffering of others.

The heroes of ancient times, the master of arson, Zhang Yi was the first to be recommended, and the veteran of robbery was Zhuge Kongming. Zhang Yi can be regarded as a stunner who 'makes trouble', and what she has done all her life is to stir up the wind and ignite the fire. In order to dismantle the plan of the six kingdoms, he set fire wherever he went; he deceived Qi, Chu, Yan, Zhao, Han, and Wei, and relied on the 'tongue of fire' in his mouth to burn the kings and ministers of the six countries to a great avail, paving the way for the Qin Emperor to unify China. Besides, Kong Ming, although he is known as an outstanding politician, his political capital was still obtained by 'robbery'. When he was just starting out, he was driven to a desperate place by Cao Cao, and ran to Sun Quan to be a warmonger and stir up a war between the north and the south. While Zhou Yu burned Chibi and Cao Cao fled, he 'robbed' Jingzhou, Xiangyang, Changsha, Wuling, Guiyang, Lingling and other prefectures and counties, and Zhou Yu and Zhou Gongjin to death, laying a separating territory for Liu Bei.

Although the name of the scheme of 'robbing while the fire is not heard', it is worthy of the name. From the court to the market, such incidents are extremely common, both ancient and modern, both at home and abroad, and the world is as black as a crow. 'Those who steal the hook will be punished, and those who steal the country will be punished', history is written by those who hold power and power, who can tell the worst things and paint the ugliest faces the most beautiful. What is the words of 'hanging the people and cutting down crimes, doing the right thing for heaven', it is nothing more than a beautiful noun deduced from the word 'robbery'. We can recall how China's successive regimes have been transmuted over thousands of years. Isn't that the case? The most typical example is Shi Chong, the folk often say 'rich than Shi Chong', Shi Chong represents wealth, but where does the wealth of his rich and powerful enemy come from? To put it bluntly, it is Shi Chong's 'being an official and a thief'. When he was the assassin of Jingzhou, he used his power to rob and kill the merchant giants, seek money and kill people, and rob gold and treasures to get rich. In short, if you want to become a hero, you can't ignore the fire, you can't rob the wealth, even if you can see with ten eyes and ten hands, as long as you can worship a well-known signboard, you can put on a compassionate face. ”

Sixth, the sound of the east strikes the west

The enemy's will is chaotic, not safe, and the elephant of the Kunxia is exchanged. Take it involuntarily.

"If the enemy's command is not properly directed, and the army is like a fly without a head, it will not be able to identify and deal with the occurrence of sudden incidents, and this is a sign that the commander has lost the ability to analyze and judge the situation. Take advantage of the enemy's loss of control to eliminate them.

The sound of the east and the west, this is to say that the use of tactics in the army to win by surprise. There is a cloud in the art of war: 'Claiming to attack the east, in fact striking the west.' The aim is to divert the enemy's target, to make him unprepared, and then to take advantage of his surprise and attack him unprepared. That is to say, in order to eliminate the current artificial resistance and reduce one's own losses, we must try to disperse the strength of the other side or relax its will, so that we can take advantage of the void and achieve the goal. There are many ways to do this, either to create rumors, to confuse the public, to increase the other side's concerns, to confuse its will, or to spread suspicions, to disperse the opponent's forces, and to weaken its defenses, but its own intentions and actions must be absolutely secret, and it is necessary to always strive for the initiative. Confidentiality and initiative are the highest principles in doing things. Not being secret means that you are not defensive, and you are passively restrained everywhere. Whether on the battlefield, in the shopping mall, in the love field, in politics or on the stage of life, this strategy of attacking the east and west, avoiding the important and trivial, is always visible, feasible everywhere, and full of tricks, some are beautiful, some are self-defeating. During the Warring States Period, Feng Xuan, a disciple of Meng Yanjun of Qi State, used this strategy to restore the phase of Meng Yanjun to the King of Qi, and Chen Ping, who was fighting between Chu and Han, also used this strategy to save Liu Bang from the tiger's mouth and stationed in Hanzhong. ”