904, the fall of the Murong family

Murong De, the lord of Southern Yan, was originally the king of Fanyang of Later Yan, and the town of Yecheng (now southwest of Linzhang, Hebei) was long. Because Murong De was repeatedly trapped by the Wei army, he moved to Huatai (now Huaxian County, Henan) in 398 AD to establish Nanyan, and because Huatai was attacked on all sides, he moved the capital to Guanggu (northwest of present-day Yidu County, Shandong) the following year. Among these separatist regimes, the more powerful regime was the Northern Wei Dynasty, and the Southern Yan and Later Qin were bordered by the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The Southern Yan Kingdom is a small and powerful country, among the besieged by many countries, and has been repeatedly bullied and tortured by major countries, which can really be described as a great shame and hatred passed down from generation to generation by the Murong family! But in the end, it was doomed.

After the Eastern Jin Dynasty fought for power and profit, it originally recovered the six prefectures of Bao, Yan, Qing, Si, Henan, and Liang (now Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Henan, and southern Shaanxi), but soon due to the internal struggle for power and profit in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, these places were regained and lost, and were occupied by Southern Yan and Later Qin. This "Hou Qin (logistics, later capture)" is really homophonic and oblique, that is, he did the work of the logistics department or was captured later! In the rebellion of Sun En, Zhao Yi, and Huan Xuan, who broke out soon after, Liu Yu, who was born as a civilian, became a general of the Che Cavalry for suppressing the uprising and quelling the rebellion, and mastered the military and political power of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. After Liu Yu came to power, he eliminated dissidents politically and externally and strengthened his own power; Economically reduce requisition, forced labor, and land rents in order to alleviate class contradictions and prevent peasant uprisings; Militarily, under the slogan of restoring the Central Plains, the army was trained and the Northern Expedition was actively prepared.

Later, Liu Yu launched the Northern Expedition, and the first target was listed as Southern Yan, wanting to annihilate Murong Chao, the lord of Southern Yan, recover the lost territory, and further improve his prestige. In the battle to destroy the Southern Yan, Liu Yu accurately judged the enemy's situation, carefully chose the route of the Northern Expedition, and flexibly changed tactics by taking advantage of the change of terrain, and won a great victory in the Northern Expedition.

The main reason why Liu Yu was able to win was that he knew the enemy, understood himself, and also understood the advantages and disadvantages of the terrain for his side. He correctly analyzed the characteristics of the Southern Yan regime of greed, knowing short-term interests and having no long-term concerns, and expected that the short-sighted Murong Chao would not cling to Daxian Mountain at risk, so he decisively chose a shortcut to go straight into the hinterland of the enemy country. In this war, Liu Yu not only 'anticipated the enemy's victory, calculated the danger, and was far and near,' but also did what Sun Tzu said in the "Art of War": 'move without being confused, and move without being poor'. He is good at formulating corresponding combat measures according to the enemy's situation and adopting flexible tactics and tactics to defeat the enemy. According to the fact that the Southern Yan cavalry was good at fighting in the terrain of Pingchuan, and the infantry of the Jin army was easy to be overwhelmed by the cavalry in Pingchuan, Liu Yu applied the ancient combat formation and tactics of the chariot formation to the battle, and formed a formation that combined infantry, cavalry, and chariot soldiers, which effectively suppressed the strengths of the Yan army in the battle. When the two armies were holding each other, Liu Yu used surprise troops in time to attack the enemy's weak rear, effectively striking at the enemy and laying the foundation for the final victory. In the end, the Northern Expedition launched by Liu Yu eliminated Murong Chao, the lord of Southern Yan.

On the other hand, the reason why the Yan army failed, in addition to Murong Chao's short-sightedness and arrogance and conceit, another important reason was that Murong Chao did not learn the "Art of War" well and did not know how to use the convenience of the terrain to defeat the enemy. Sun Tzu said in "The Art of War: Topography": "Those who are narrow, I will live first, and I will wait for the enemy", "Those who are dangerous, I will live first, and I will live in Gaoyang and treat the enemy", Murong Chao violated these principles mentioned by Sun Tzu, abandoned the danger of Daxian Mountain, gave up the terrain that could effectively block the enemy's attack, and fought the enemy head-on battle prematurely, resulting in the failure of the first battle, losing the initiative on the battlefield, and the morale of the army was also seriously affected, which led to the final defeat. This historical lesson is very worthy of serious summing up and consideration by our generation and future generations.

The so-called "the winner is the king, and the loser is the villain", the fiasco of the Murong family caused their family to be ruined, and since then they have been in a slump, and they have no power to restore the country for 500 years! It's a short 500 years, in the blink of an eye! But in the past 500 years, the descendants of the Murong family have deeply remembered the shame and hatred of their country, and have been accumulating strength and waiting for an opportunity to restore the country. But in those troubled times, the heroes are competing for the deer, and it is not easy to fight another piece of the world of the Murong family and be invincible? For a long time, they could only remember the history of the demise of the Murong family, and it was difficult to realize the great ambition of the country.

In the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, when the Southern Yan Kingdom had been destroyed for nearly 500 years, the tenth grandson of the Murong family had finally accumulated enough power in the officialdom to support a piece of the sky! "The first shot of the Beijing Division" Murong Shanshui has been the leader of the 800,000 Imperial Forest Army in Chang'an, and his cousin Murong Shanxue served under Liu Shouguang, the envoy of Lulong Jiedu in Youzhou, which is enough to "oppose the guest and replace it".

In the third month of the second year of Kaiping in the Later Liang Dynasty, in 908 A.D., Murong Shanxue went to Chang'an to meet Murong Shanshui in secret late one night, intending to persuade this cousin, who was a high-ranking official and strong in martial arts, to fire the guns of the Imperial Forest Army in advance. However, Murong Shanxue's persuasion was unsuccessful, and was sternly rejected by Murong Shanshui. In fact, the ancestors of Murong Shanxue and Murong Shanshui had already explained to them, asking them not to forget their ancestral teachings and wait for the opportunity to restore the country. Murong Shanshui also had the idea of launching an uprising and rebellion of the Imperial Forest Army to restore the Southern Yan Kingdom, but after thinking about it and considering the consequences, he still thought that the time was not ripe, and it was better to silently assist the Holy Tomorrow Son in order to strengthen the country. Therefore, Murong Shanshui has always suppressed the "gunfire of the Royal Forest Army" in his heart and has not leaked it, and even when his cousin Murong Shanxue came to persuade him to revolt in advance, he persuaded his cousin to put down this idea and serve his master, which made the brothers break up unhappily. Subsequently, Murong Shanxue traveled alone at night and was assassinated in the wilderness by Lu Longjiedu's brother Liu Shouguang's brother Yichang Jiedu's subordinate "Yin and Yang Two Kings" in the wilderness. In this way, the descendants of the Murong family have lost another bloodline of "death before the ambition is paid". At that time, Murong Shanxue was assassinated tragically at the age of 28, which can be described as "dying young, the great cause has not been accomplished, and it is the most desolate!" "But, in that troubled world, what is the death of such a person? No one cares what medicine is hidden in his bones?

Later, Murong Shanshui, the "first shot of the Beijing Division", was ordered to secretly protect the "Wuji Guard", "Three Cats" Ye Wuwu and Aliye Kul to return to the Khitan, but was finally killed by the joint efforts of the Prime Minister's killers, and the corpse was in the wilderness. This dignified descendant of the Murong family of the Southern Yan Kingdom has finally destroyed the last trace of hope for the restoration of the country!