Chapter 1: The Revolt of the Coarse Men

The reform of Taihe reform and sinicization carried out by Empress Dowager Feng of the Northern Wei Dynasty and Emperor Tuoba Hong of Wei Xiaowen made the economy and social culture of the Northern Wei Dynasty achieve unprecedented development. However, there are two sides to everything.

At the beginning of the Sinicization reform,The opposition is very large.,The biggest opposition force,It's the prince Yuansui.。

Yuan Sui opposed his father's sinicization reform, not because of ideology, but because this brother was too fat, with a BMI of more than 28, and he couldn't stand the hot weather in Luoyang. In addition, I don't want to wear Hanfu and learn Chinese, and I think about returning to the old capital Pingcheng all the time.

Half a year after moving the capital to Luoyang, Tuoba Hong patrolled Songyue, and Prince Yuan Sui stayed in Kim Yong City (Mengjin County, Luoyang, the current site is Adoucheng, and Li Mi of the Wagang Army called the emperor), and took the opportunity to launch a rebellion.

Although this rebellion was suppressed by Emperor Xiaowen, conservative forces against sinicization have always existed.

However, what is surprising is that with the deepening of the Sinicization reform, the Xianbei people who moved to Luoyang slowly felt the breadth and profundity of Han culture, and the Xianbei nobles gradually competed to claim to be clear, and slowly regarded the Xianbei compatriots who had not been Sinicized as vulgar and uncivilized people.

Where are the majority of these "rough people"? Six Towns.

Six towns are six border military districts. In the early years of the Northern Wei Dynasty, in order to deal with the threat of Rouran in the north, the government of the Northern Wei Dynasty built the Great Wall from Chicheng (now Hebei) in the east to the Wuyuan area in the west, set up military bases in strategic places along the border, and sent troops and horses to garrison, forming six border defense areas, called six towns.

The six towns were Woye (now Wuyuan County, Inner Mongolia), Huaishuo (now Guyang County, Baotou City, Inner Mongolia), Wuchuan (now Wuchuan County, Inner Mongolia), Fuming (now Siziwangqi, Inner Mongolia), Rouxuan (Tuchengzi at the junction of Xinghe County, Inner Mongolia and Shangyi County, Hebei Province), and Huaihuang (now Zhangbei County, Hebei).

The composition of the townspeople in the six towns is relatively complex, and there are people of all ethnic groups, including some people who have been assigned to commit crimes in the interior (government households). The town generals are all unified by Xianbei nobles, and most of the town soldiers are members of the Tuoba clan or the children of the Qiangzong of the Central Plains.

Due to the prominent strategic position of the six towns, Zhenbing Town will be regarded as the "heart and soul of the country" in the early Northern Wei Dynasty and enjoy a special status. A large number of nobles chose to send their children to the six northern towns to be gilded, and with the work experience of the military town, it is equivalent to having valuable grassroots work experience, and they are also on the fast promotion machine.

However, this situation gradually changed after Emperor Wei Xiaowen Tuoba Hong took office.

First, Rouran suddenly stopped going south to grab things. In 487, Rouran split internally and established the Gaoche regime, and Rouran and the splitters fought each other for a long time, and did not care about going south to the Northern Wei to grab things. If the enemy is not coming, there is no battle to fight, and the importance of the six towns in the north will naturally greatly decrease.

Second, after Emperor Wei Xiaowen moved the capital to Luoyang, he quickly sinicized, and most of the Xianbei nobles in the court regarded themselves as Qingliu, chanting poems, drinking and playing chess, and the northern border defense was gradually not taken seriously, and the status of the town general was greatly reduced.

Later, the town generals were gradually regarded as four rough people with no ideals, no morality, no culture, and no discipline by the Sinicized Xianbei compatriots in the central government, which is equivalent to Qi Tongwei who was thrown in the township judicial office, and he was rated as a hero with three bullets in his body, but he was only a tool, and it was difficult to be promoted.

From "the heart of the country" to "the four coarse people", who can be happy? It is not difficult to imagine how big the psychological gap between the town generals is.

There are many ways for officials to make up for the psychological gap, for example, Chen, deputy director of the Yunnan Provincial Department of Construction, who was dismissed, is a strange flower.

It only took 11 years for Chen to become deputy director after graduating from university, but he has been in the position of deputy director for 15 years, especially when his former subordinates have now become his leaders, and his psychology is completely unbalanced. Because he is a scholar-type official and has a high self-esteem, he did not choose to make up for the psychological gap by eating, drinking, prostituting and gambling, but wandered into video game halls in small streets and alleys to regulate his psychology by playing video games. Later, because he thought he was sensitive to numbers, he played stock speculation and asked for bribes from the people he had helped, and finally fell off.

The four rough people in the six towns are not so high. They chose the unique way of making up for the psychological gap of rough people - abusing and exploiting their subordinate soldiers and townspeople, and seeking pleasure from inflicting pain on their subordinates.

As a result, the life of the townsmen and townspeople naturally became more difficult, their lives became more and more difficult, and their status became more and more lowly.

This situation intensified after the death of Emperor Wei Xiaowen.

In 499, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Tuoba Hong, died of illness, and was succeeded by his son Yuan Ke, Emperor Xuanwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

Yuan Ke's eldest son, Yuan Chang, the son of Empress Yu Shun, died at the age of 2, he really wanted to have another son, but he tossed for a long time, tired face and yellow muscles, and his daughter gave birth to a bunch of four. Son? One doesn't. Is it because Brother Yuan Ke doesn't like to exercise, so there are not enough Y chromosomes in sperm?

No, no matter how few Y chromosomes there are, I can't stand more wives, how can I have a son. Yuan Ke has no son because of a strange rule.

"The son is the prince, and the mother should die."

According to the practice of the Northern Wei Dynasty, in order to prevent the mother from interfering in the government with Zigui, the son was made the prince's concubine and had to be killed. In the face of such a tragic and joyful policy, many concubines in the Northern Wei Dynasty Palace would rather secretly have a miscarriage than have a son, and the ideal state is to give birth to a little princess, who has offspring and does not have to die.

The concubines used wordless resistance to resist this strange rule, because everyone wanted to live.

Seeing that Yuan Ke was about to die, at this time, a concubine stood up and bravely said to the harem: This rule is very harsh, but the concubine is not afraid, and is willing to give birth to an heir for the royal family, regardless of life or death.

This concubine who is not afraid of death is surnamed Hu Xianzhen (Hu Chenghua). This person was born in Linjing, Anding, which is now Jingchuan County, Pingliang City, Gansu Province. Familiar? That's right, it's the Jingchuan County that eliminated the Chinese Super League giants Beijing Guoan with the county amateur football team FA Cup. After 1512, the Jingchuan Wenhui football team created a miracle in football, and before 1512, this Hu Xianzhen created a miracle in the Northern Wei Dynasty.

Because, when Yuan Ke heard that there was someone who was not afraid of death, he was overjoyed, and he was lucky that night, caressed in every way, and under the passion, he hit it with one hit. In 510, the second son Yuan Xu was born.

Five years later, Yuan Ke died, and Yuan Xu succeeded to the throne as Emperor Xiaoming. Yuan Xu's mother is Hu Xianzhen, who is fortunate not to die, her son has become the emperor, and she has become the queen mother.

She made the right bet, just like the amateur football team in her hometown county after 1512 bet on the penalty shootout with the Chinese Super League giants. Good luck brings joy and love, and Hu Xianzhen also prospered with good luck and traveled all over the world, because her son was young, she also became the highest decision-maker of the empire who listened to the government.

suddenly changed from "beheading the prison marquis" to the empire NO.1, and the ups and downs of life were very exciting, which made Empress Dowager Hu like a dream, and she woke up with a smile for countless nights. When I woke up, I pinched myself, only to realize that I had another truest dream.

However, life is a cycle of no anxiety and no emptiness. I have everything that ordinary people dare not imagine, but who can understand what I don't have yet?

What does Empress Dowager Hu not have now? is a favorite pillow person. Her husband Wei Xuanwu Emperor Yuan Ke died early, she was still in the year of the tiger and wolf, and the pleasure brought by worry-free food and clothing, and Wanchen's coming to the dynasty was not as much as that brought by a warm and strong young body.

What do you say about royal power and wealth, and what precepts and rules are you afraid of. Empress Dowager Hu was determined to give herself a hand, and there was a long list of names on the lover's address book she personally drafted: eunuch Liu Teng, brother-in-law Yuanyi, Qinghe Wang Yuanyi, and Zheng Yan, the official counselor......

Among these lovers, the most difficult is Liu Teng, because he is a eunuch, and some key parts and key functions have been lost, so he can only find his own way. And the worst thing is Zheng Yan, he already has a wife, but he can only stay in the palace day and night to serve the Empress Dowager Hu, and only when it is a statutory holiday, he is allowed to go home to see his wife and children. I don't have to worry about going home, because I must be accompanied by a eunuch from the palace. After returning home, before he said a word to his wife and children, let alone handed over public food to his wife, the accompanying eunuch was already impatiently urging Zheng Yan to return to the palace.

Although Zheng Yan was treated like this, he was not the man who fascinated Empress Dowager Hu. The man who fascinates Empress Dowager Hu the most is a superb male god.

Yang Baihua.

Yang Baihua, an officer, after the famous fierce general Yang Dayan of the Northern Wei Dynasty (described later), with broad shoulders and narrow waist, a nose like a hanging gall, a handsome and dignified appearance, Wei Zhijin Chengwu, Wu Yanzu of the Northern Kingdom, a combination of handsome guys and macho men.

It's a pity that Yang Baihua knew that it was too risky to sleep with the Queen Mother, and in the face of the autumn waves frequently sent by the Empress Dowager Hu, he chose to escape. The whole north belongs to the Empress Dowager Hu, where to flee? Then flee to the south. Yang Baihua fled directly from the country, and surrendered to the Liang Dynasty in the south.

How disgusting it must be to hide from sleep until you surrender to the enemy. Empress Dowager Hu was so melancholy that she created a song "Yang Baihua Lyrics": "The spring breeze enters the boudoir overnight, and Yang Hua drifts to the south house; Affectionately out of the house with weak feet, picking up Yang Hua tears". In the twilight of spring, the poplar flowers are fluttering and difficult to find traces as a feeling, expressing the inner expectation, the idea is quite ingenious, and the words reveal a very lingering and sympathetic lovesickness.

Empress Dowager Hu believed in Buddhism, perhaps because she was grateful to the Buddha for blessing her to survive the birth of the crown prince, or perhaps because she was glad that under her leadership, the Northern Wei Dynasty had defeated Xiao Yan, the more Buddhist Emperor of Liang in the south, and Empress Dowager Hu decided to build an unprecedented monastery to show her piety. Thus, a temple of extreme luxury was born.

Yongning Temple.

Yongning Temple, built 15 kilometers east of Luoyang City. "Luoyang Jialanji" (author Yang Xuanzhi) and "Water Jing Note" (author Li Daoyuan), and called "Northern Dynasty Literature Shuangbi", the record records: Yongning Temple is a wooden structure, nine floors high, one hundred zhang, one hundred miles away can be seen. Most of the Buddha statues in the temple are made of pure gold, and the jewelry and jade brocade silk are full of them, and they cost countless money.

The exemplary role of the supreme ruler in believing in religion was endless, and the number of monks in the Northern Wei Dynasty increased dramatically for a while. As a monk, you can not engage in agricultural production, do not perform military service, and the demographic dividend of the empire is getting less and less.

The Northern Wei Dynasty dominated the north for many years, and since the Empress Dowager Feng implemented the Juntian system, the treasury has been surplus, which can be said to have left a rich family foundation for the Empress Dowager Hu.

The silk silk of the Northern Wei Dynasty can be used as currency. Once, Empress Dowager Hu went to the warehouse where the silk cloth was placed to play, and saw the mountains of silk silk, which was equivalent to seeing mountains of gold and silver.

This is the equivalent of moving cash to the house at will! More than 100 people accompanied him, whether it was a strong male prince and nobleman, or a thin princess and concubine, their eyes glowed with wolf light, and they all carried silk silks to their homes.

This back, carrying out two living treasures. Zhangwu Wang Yuanrong carried too much and was crushed. Chen Liugong and Li Chong were directly pressed into a herniated lumbar intervertebral disc. The ugliness of the princes was a joke for a while.

Greed and corruption are twin sisters. If the supreme rulers are greedy, the entire political system will inevitably become corrupt, and corruption will slowly corrode the body of the regime like a germ, and even the most powerful regime will eventually fall.

Officials at all levels were corrupt, the people of the Northern Wei Dynasty were full of complaints, and many discordant factors gradually appeared in society.

The most serious thing is that the "rough people" of the six towns have rebelled.

In 523, there was a famine in northern China, and Rouran suddenly invaded and plundered in the south, and the soldiers and people of Huaihuang Town (now Zhangbei County, Hebei) could not eat enough. The town general did not allow it, and the soldiers and civilians could not bear it anymore and rose up to kill them.

After the Huaihuang Town incident, the Central Committee of the Northern Wei Dynasty not only did not reflect, but even more thought that the "rough people" of the six towns were stubborn, and issued an order to suppress and purge. In this way, the mistrust and resentment between the central government and the six towns were further deepened.

The spark of the prairie fire began to burst out from the westernmost of the six towns, Woye Town.

In the town of Woye, in present-day Wuyuan County, Inner Mongolia, in March 524, a townsman named Po Liuhan Baling began to propagate anti-Wei.

Breaking the six Han Baling, the surname is broken six Han, and the name is Baling. Judging by the surname, this is a Hun man. In the early years, Pan Liuxi, the king of the right valley of the Xiongnu, defected to the Northern Wei Dynasty, and his descendants took "Pan Liuxi" as the surname, and the descendants were alienated as "Broken Liuhan", "Broken Six Khan" or "Broken Khan".

The anti-Wei propaganda work of Poliu Han Baling in Woye Town was very effective, and almost all the calls were echoed, and the soldiers of the other five towns also responded.

When the news of the Six Towns Uprising reached Luoyang, the Central Committee of the Northern Wei Dynasty was terrified, and in a hurry, it actually joined forces with its old enemy Rouran to suppress it. Guangyang Wang Yuanshen (formerly known as Yuanyuan, was renamed by the Tang Dynasty, the reason is self-evident), General Jin (one of the Eight Pillars of the Later Northern Zhou Dynasty), Xiao Baokun, the Governor of Xingtai in the West Road, and other officials and troops jointly strangled and finally killed the six Han Dialing.

In order to prevent the resurgence of the spark, the central government of the Northern Wei Dynasty resettled more than 200,000 captured soldiers and civilians of the uprising in the six towns to the Hebei area. Unexpectedly, this time, it is even more troublesome.

Hebei has been famine for many years, and all of a sudden so many foreign households have come to fight for food, and the contradiction has intensified again, and there have been Du Luo Zhou, Xian Yu Xiuli, Ge Rong and other town soldiers and town generals who revolted. The rebel armies merged with each other and fought each other, and became a mess.

After killing each other and integrating, the rebel army led by Ge Rong became the most powerful.

Ge Rong, a member of the Xianbei tribe, was originally the general of the Six Towns.

It is no wonder that the Xianbei nobles of the Northern Wei Dynasty looked down on the town generals, Ge Rong was indeed just a rough man, he had millions of people, but he had no great ambition to chase the world, but he was just wandering around and predating on the North China Plain.

After several years of war, Hebei has reached the point where the people are exhausted, Ge Rong then divided his troops to the south to plunder, defeated the Northern Wei government sent by the Northern Wei government by Zhangwu Wang Yuanrong and Guangyang Wang Yuanshen led the rebel army, and then, the front of the army pointed directly at Luoyang, the momentum is huge.

The roof leak happened to be rainy. The six towns in the north revolted, and the Guanlong in the northwest of the Northern Wei Dynasty and the Jianghuai region in the south also had accidents.

Guanlong area. The six towns in the north of the Northern Wei Dynasty revolted and spread to the northwest region, and the Qiang people of Qinzhou (Tianshui, Gansu) did not mention it, and killed Li Yan, the assassin of Qinzhou in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and proclaimed himself the king of Qin. After Mo Zhe Dati's death, his fourth son, Mo Zhi Niansheng, led the rebel army. In July 528, the Xiongnu Wan Qian Chounu proclaimed himself the Son of Heaven in Gaoping Town (Guyuan, Ningxia). After thinking about life and death, the rebel army was all under the command of Wan Qiu Chounu.

Guanlong was in turmoil, and the commander sent by Emperor Xiaoming of the Northern Wei Dynasty to Guanzhong to quell the chaos was Xiao Baokun.

Xiao Baokun, the royal family of Southern Qi, the sixth son of Emperor Xiao Luan of Qi Ming, in 501 Xiao Yan raised troops to usurp the throne, 15-year-old Xiao Baochun dug up the courtyard wall of his house and fled, and fled to the Northern Wei Dynasty.

Emperor Xuanwu of the Northern Wei Dynasty treated Xiao Baokun well, married his sister Princess Nanyang to him, and also met his demand for revenge, lent troops to his commander, and fought against Xiao Yan on behalf of Qi Jianliang. Of course, fighting with the south was itself a strategic need of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

After Mo Zhi Niansheng and Wan Qian Chou Nu rebelled, Emperor Ming of the Northern Wei Dynasty appointed Xiao Baochun as the commander to quell the rebellion. The counterinsurgency army and the rebel army fought in the Guanlong area, and each other won and lost, and the war was in a stalemate.

After many years of fighting and failing to completely quell the rebellion, Xiao Baochun was facing tremendous pressure, and he was worried about the suspicion of the central government of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and his heart was anxious and panicked. Later, the arrival of a person completely forced him back.

This person's name is Li Daoyuan, familiar? Yes, it is the author of "Notes on the Book of Water".

Li Daoyuan came with a mission. Xiao Baochun was ineffective in quelling the rebellion, and he led the troops outside, and the central government of the Northern Wei Dynasty did have suspicions about him. The reigning Empress Dowager Hu appointed Li Daoyuan, a lieutenant of the imperial history, as the ambassador of Guanyou to act as a supervisor.

Xiao Baokun, who was able to dig out of the wall from under the butcher's knife at the age of 15 and fled to the Southern Dynasty alone, is naturally a ruthless person. Since the world is in chaos and the court is suspicious, then I will cut off Guanzhong.

When Li Daoyuan walked to Yinpanyi (now northeast of Lintong, Shaanxi), Xiao Baokun secretly sent Guo Zihui to lead the army to surround the post station.

One circumference is a few days. In the post station, the members of the supervision delegation all had chapped lips and throats like fire, and there were more than a thousand large and small rivers rushing in Li Daoyuan's "Notes on the Book of Water", but at this time, they could not exchange for a drop of life-saving water.

A generation of geography giants finally died in the Northwest Region Guest House of the Northern Wei Dynasty Government at the age of 61.

Xiao Baochun pretended to collect the body of Li Daoyuan, and the court said that he was killed by a white thief.

Soon, Xiao Baochun officially called the emperor anti-Wei. Emperor Wei Ming had no choice but to send troops to suppress Xiao Baochu. Xiao Baochun didn't do anything, and went directly to Wan Qiao, the object of his suppression, and the ugly slave appointed him as the Taifu.

The north and northwest are in chaos, and the south is not idle.

The Southern Liang sent a three-way army to the north, in which the legendary general Chen Qingzhi won a great victory in Wuyang, and the Jianghuai region that Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty had worked hard to gain returned to the Southern Dynasty.

At this time, the Northern Wei Dynasty was like a dilapidated house leaking on all sides, and it urgently needed a skilled craftsman to repair it.