Poland is a magical country, and some people love it to death, even if it has perished for hundreds of years, they have to pull it up.

Some people hate it to death, and they wish that the noble lord would never come back, and that the Polish Confederation would never be overborn.

We must have heard Chopin in "Bring My Heart Back to the Motherland", Marie Curie who pinned her endless nostalgia on the new element polonium.

Paderewski, the Polish politician most admired by Americans, went to the White House to celebrate the victory of World War I and performed for President Wilson.

As the biggest beneficiaries of World War I, Americans naturally wanted to celebrate. But in the midst of the cheers, a pianist cried and played the music.

It just so happened that this scene was discovered by the "kind" US President Wilson, and upon questioning, it was found that the other party was actually a Pole.

Then the "kind" US President Wilson was moved, and here the two politicians finalized the "Fourteen Points" for the destruction of Europe.

A political show has achieved the birth of two presidents and a new hegemon, and at the same time touched countless future generations, which is really "singing and crying"!

Putting that aside, there were many opponents of the Polish Confederation in the Polish regions of the nineteenth century. The Jews and Gypsies, who were not treated anywhere, were not discussed, and the relationship between the Polish nobility and the commoners was already incompatible.

When you talk about Poland, you think of its famous absolute democracy, which directly led to the Russian army coming over, and the king's order not yet leaving Warsaw.

But in reality, this democratic right did not belong to the common people of Poland, who called themselves "Schlachta" (conquerors), but would contemptuously call serfs and commoners "Hamm", meaning beets, hillbillies, mud people, and also related to local mythology.

(Noah cursed his son Hamm and prophesied that Hamm's son Canaan would be a slave to his other brothers.) ）

The nobles considered themselves descendants of the Sarmats, conquerors of Poland.

Although the nobles and commoners spoke the same language and looked almost identical, the nobles believed that they were not of the same race.

Under the guidance of this thinking, the Polish aristocracy was extremely cruel to the exploitation of serfs.

In Galicia, Austria, for example, Empress Maria Theresa issued a decree in 1772 prohibiting the killing of serfs and the appropriation of serf property.

However, it was not until 1775, when Empress Theresa sent troops to Galicia, that the decree was carried out under heavy pressure.

In 1782, the serfs of Galicia were granted the freedom to marry at will, having previously been considered by the nobility only for the right to mate and not to marry.

In a sense, the whole of Galicia was like a colony of the Polish aristocracy, and both Polish serfs and Uruk (Ruseny, or Ukrainian) serfs were nothing more than talking animals.

It was because of this practice that a strange phenomenon arose after the partition of Poland. The Polish serfs, whether under Austria, Russia, or Prussia, felt that they had found the best master, and were even very proud of it.

Even the Tsar, who had always been known for his brutality, became the "little father" in the hearts of Polish serfs, and the militarized management of Prussia was simply the light of righteousness in his eyes.

In Austria, the situation was even more outrageous, and the serfs even formed volunteer armies to maintain the rule of the empire.

However, the pattern was broken by this time, and the tsar raised a butcher's knife against the Jews, Poles and Gypsies in the country under the banner of cholera for military expenses.

Although these people were used to being oppressed and even defended the Tsar's actions as "punishment in lieu of God", all living beings had an instinct for survival, which drove them to flee Russia.

At this time, the Russian-Austrian border was virtually nonexistent, on the one hand, because the two sides were allies of each other, and on the other hand, because the center of gravity of defense of both sides was in the occupied zone, not on the border.

Here I have to say that at this time, the governor of Galicia, Count Stadion, was really politically sensitive and long-term.

At first, he was discovered by only sporadic border crossers, and after a brief interrogation, coupled with the information he knew, he immediately concluded:

"Soon there will be a wave of refugees on the Russian-Austrian border."

Although the Austrian railways were now running directly from Vienna to Lviv (the capital of Galicia), the Count of Stadion was well aware of the efficiency of the imperial bureaucracy.

If you wait for something to happen and then report it, from reporting, approval, discussion, review, and reconfirmation of implementation, until these processes are completed, the refugee problem has long become unmanageable.

Historically, the governor of Galicia sent a report to the Austrian Regency a month before the influx of refugees, but it was not until 1847 that he received an order to dispose of himself.

As the governor of Galicia, Count Stadion did not wait for orders from Vienna, and he sent troops to the border between the two countries at the first opportunity to restrict the entry of refugees.

Even so, in the first three months of the influx, the Count of Stadion received about 50,000 refugees from Russia before sending troops to close the border.

But this time it was different, and the power of the railway allowed the messenger to reach Vienna in a day.

Of course, in order to make the old men of the Regency Council make a quick decision, the governor deliberately made the matter very serious.

Vienna, Hofburg Palace.

"What!? A large number of refugees on the border with Galicia? ”

Metternich soon calmed down, and as a traditional politician, he was well aware of the importance of the land and the people.

"This may be an opportunity"

"Damn the Russians, throwing garbage at us again!"

Count Korolav was not interested in the non-German population, but even more so against the Jews, the Roma (Gypsies, called Roma in Austria), and the Uruks, who, in his eyes, were not even qualified to be serfs.

Obviously, at this time, the two could not reach a consensus.

Count Kolarov: "What do we pick up garbage that the Russians don't want?" ”

Prince Metternich: "Population is the cornerstone of the country, and we still have a lot of uncultivated land, and overseas colonies have an insatiable demand for population.

Did you know that our colonial minister (Franz) spent tens of millions of florins every year to solve the problem of lack of manpower in the colonies, and even spent a lot of money to attract immigrants from abroad.

And I don't think those Japanese monkeys (Japanese immigrants, short and always shrunken in the eyes of Westerners) and Indian coal (Dalits, black-looking), are better than white immigrants.

They can plough the land for us, grow the crops, raise pigs, raise horses, work in the factories, or help you with the children, cleaning, laundry and cooking, and they will pay taxes and be soldiers."

Count Kolarov behaved dismissively: "They are so good? Then why did the Russians kick them out? ”