PS: 6000 words big chapter for votes

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January 15, Republic 2769 (1928), Hanking, Presidential Palace.

"Mr. Wen, the Yellow River control project is nearing completion, and everything is going well. There is still some finishing work left, which will be completely completed in March. According to our calculations, if the vegetation of the Loess Plateau continues to be maintained, the new channel will be very stable and there will be no problems for at least 200 years. Zhang Lizheng said with a smile.

"Our Yellow River project lasted 16 years, with a total of 13.5 million people involved in nine provinces, and the cash and materials used were equivalent to 230 billion yuan, which is the largest in history, both in terms of manpower and cost. But the investment is definitely worth it!"

"Sixteen years, a whole sixteen years, finally this Yellow River has been completed...... Wen Desi increased the amount with his hand, and sighed: "This Yellow River is really difficult to do, no wonder all dynasties have taken the control of the Yellow River as the top priority, fortunately with modern science, otherwise we can't do anything with it." ”

Li Yizhi, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Water Resources, said with admiration: "Mr. Wen, you are right, without modern scientific and technological achievements, we cannot complete such a huge project. But the most important thing is to have a strong country and a strong government. Only the new China under your leadership can accomplish such a super project!" he said very sincerely, without the slightest element of deliberate flattery.

In the history of the original time and space, Li Yizhi is a famous hydraulic scientist and educator, the pioneer of modern water conservancy construction in China, a great bull, and among the experts in China's water conservancy mouth, his disciples and grandchildren are the most, which can be described as a super big man at the level of the Bull Demon King. His fate has also changed a lot in this plane, and of course Mr. Wen will not let go of such a bunker figure, and in July 1906, he sent someone to "cut off his beard".

At that time, Li Yizhi was still studying in the preparatory German class of Beijing Normal University, and after he was fished by Mr. Wen, he became the first batch of international students in the Xingke Study Abroad Program. Like the original plane, the place where he went to study was the Royal Engineering University in Berlin, Germany. After graduating and returning to China in 1911, he continued to enter the Department of Water Conservancy of Huazhong University of Engineering for further study, while participating in the demonstration and design of water conservancy engineering, and obtained a doctorate degree in 1915 and entered the Ministry of Water Resources. He is one of the main leaders of the Yellow River control project in New China.

Now Li Yizhi is also excited and wants to cry, to be able to preside over such a huge mega project and successfully complete it, especially "thorough control of the Yellow River" is still his biggest dream since childhood, can be realized in his lifetime, he feels that this life has been worth it.

When Li Yizhi and a group of colleagues were getting emotional, the door of the conference room was gently pushed open.

"Daddy...... Daddy...... "A two- or three-year-old Lori came in with her head stretched out and screamed a few times.

Lori is very cute, wearing a black gothic loli suit. Seeing this Lori, everyone laughed all at once.

Little Lori looked left and right, and when she saw Wen Desi, she showed a sweet smile: "Dad, hug ......" and ran in crookedly as she spoke.

"My little girl, dad is here to hug ......" Wen Desi picked up his daughter and kissed his little face.

Xiao Lori and Wen Desi made love for a while, and when they saw Gu Xiaolu next to them, they stretched out their hands and shouted: "Auntie, hug ......"

"Xiao Xinxin, it's so good!" Gu Xiaolu also smiled and took it and kissed it. Although she didn't give birth to this Lori, she also likes it very much, and the two she gave birth to are all Zhengtai, and she especially wants a daughter.

Zhang Lizheng took a piece of chocolate from the table, walked over and said with a smile: "Xiao Xinxin, call uncle ......"

"Piggy......" Little Lori cried out inarticulately. The crowd laughed.

"Mr. Wen, Xiao Xin'er was looking for you everywhere just now, I want you to see her new clothes......" Gu Xiaoqing also came in. Although Wen Desi is a husband, during working hours, the wives are still called Mr. Wen.

Mr. Wen now has a total of fifteen children, seven sons and eight daughters, and the eldest son, Wen Zebin, is 11 years old this year and is about to graduate from primary school. This Lori's name is Wen Zexin, and she is the youngest child, and of course she is the most favored.

At this time, another graceful beauty walked in, it was Jin Lin, a famous beauty doctor in the medical field. After she and Wen Desi had an ambiguous relationship for several years, she finally achieved a positive result, and officially became a member of Wen Zong's harem in 1920, and Wen Zexin Lori was born to her. Jin Lin is also the only girl in Mr. Wen's harem. Jin Lin is 38 years old this year, but the years do not seem to have left a mark on her face, and she still looks like a delicate girl in her twenties, even more beautiful than before she got married. Well, in fact, Mr. Wen's other girls are like this, they all look like they are in their early twenties, and this kind of thing is too easy for the medical level and maintenance technology of the 23rd century.

Greeting Wen Desi and a few sisters, Jin Lin apologized to everyone in the conference room: "I'm really sorry, I didn't catch Xinxin just now and disturbed you......"

"It's nothing, it's nothing, children ...... like this" Everyone hurriedly said that it didn't matter, it didn't affect us at all.

"Mom, mom......" As soon as little Lori saw Jin Lin, she ran over.

"Uh, Xinxin, Dad still has to work now, let's go back first, and then come to see your new clothes when Dad gets off work......" Jin Lin coaxed a few words, stabilized the little Lori, and went out with Gu Xiaoqing.

"Ahem, cough, okay, it was just an accident just now, now let's continue to ......" Wen Desi didn't blame the guards at the door, his little Lori ran to find his father, and the guards at the door were not easy to stop.

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January 30, Kaifeng, Yellow River.

The Yellow River is the source of Chinese civilization and the mother river of China, but while this river has raised the Chinese, it has also brought great trouble and many disasters to the Chinese.

The Yellow River is a very violent river, and for a long time, the Yellow River has been like an invader, ravaging almost all the rivers and rivers in the North China Plain from the Haihe River to the Huai River. When the Yellow River overflows, it robs these unfortunate people and forcibly diverts their channels, and when the Yellow River floods, it carries a large amount of sediment into the channels of these rivers, silting up their channels, and many large rivers are first turned into small rivers and finally disappear.

For more than 2,600 years since the fifth year of King Zhou Ding, the lower reaches of the Yellow River have experienced a great cycle of oscillation from north to south and from south to north. Among them, there are countless breaches and diversions. Generally speaking, with Mengjin as the apex, in such a large delta as Tianjin in the north and the Huai River in the south, it is the scope of the Yellow River's diversion and migration.

With the ravages of the surrounding rivers, the Yellow River has brought countless floods to the people on both sides, since the Tang Dynasty, there is a large embankment burst almost every three years, and other small-scale embankment bursts almost every year, and the situation of the middle and lower reaches of the hanging river threatens the people on both sides of the river almost all the time, according to the archaeological excavations show that under the city of Luoyang, there are even six or seven layers of Luoyang old city ruins of various periods, Luoyang is almost the same as the Yellow River channel in the growth of height.

Since the middle of the Qing Dynasty, breaches in the lower reaches of the Yellow River have become more and more frequent. According to statistics, from the beginning of the Qing Dynasty to the Opium War in the past 200 years, the Yellow River broke 361 times, an average of about once every six months, compared with the Ming Dynasty average of about once every seven months, on the whole, it can be said that the situation is getting worse.

For a period of time in the original time and space, there was a similar rumor that the reason why the Yellow River was often diverted was due to unreasonable economic activities such as indiscriminate deforestation. But this statement is not true, at least not entirely. Unreasonable economic activities do have a certain impact, but the most fundamental reason is because of the Loess Plateau itself, the Yellow River has a large sediment content since ancient times. Because almost the entire North China Plain is alluvial from the Yellow River, of course, the Haihe River, Luanhe River and other water systems also have some contributions, but they are still far from the Yellow River. At the time when the North China Plain was formed, not to mention humans, even monkeys did not appear.

In other words, even if we completely follow the laws of nature, even if all human beings are driven out of the Loess Plateau, the only way to solve the problem of the Yellow River's breach and diversion is to take a multi-pronged approach: create new artificial river channels from the downstream, build a large number of silt dams in the Loess Plateau, and return farmland to forests and grasslands, so as to completely change the agricultural structure.

The Chinese have been battling the Yellow River for thousands of years, but it was not until the beginning of the 23rd century that the problem was completely solved. It's not that the technology of the previous 200 years can't solve it, and it's not that you can't think of how to do it. In fact, similar plans have been available for a long time, but the cost is too high and the social impact is too great, and successive governments have not been able to make up their minds. So I kept dealing with it, and it wasn't until I couldn't deal with it anymore that I made up my mind to deal with it thoroughly.

But Mr. Wen didn't have the patience to wait until hundreds of years later to solve it, and the sooner this kind of thing is, the better, the sooner the social impact will be smaller, and the sooner it will involve fewer things. Although the official start of the Yellow River control project in New China was in February 1912, the relevant preparations began not long after Wen Desi crossed over.

In October 1906, Wen Desi sent an unmanned exploration aircraft to fly several times along the Yellow River and the old rivers of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and obtained a lot of relevant data. In the following year, a group of biochemical scientists and engineering technicians were sent to conduct field investigations, and after obtaining a large amount of actual data, they were re-planned in combination with various plans in later generations.

By adjusting the simulated flow of the Yellow River, they studied and determined the optimal proportional relationship between the depth, width of the channel, and the capacity of the riverbed, and understood the law of sediment transport and reduction of sediment sedimentation, which was used as the basis for engineering design. Subsequently, the quantum computer "Xiaofen" carried out modeling and numerical simulation, and in March 1908, the optimal management plan of the original plane was determined, and the national construction planning plan was adjusted for this purpose.

Then, in the "merging villages and villages" after the liberation, they took the opportunity to let these people avoid the existing channels of the Yellow River and the old channels of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and all the new villages avoided three kilometers away from both sides of the river. In the subsequent construction plan, no towns and factories should be established within 5 kilometers of both sides of the reserved river. Problems such as demolition and relocation and resettlement have been avoided in the future. That's the biggest advantage of traversers, they know how to avoid some pitfalls, they know the lessons of history, and they know what to do with long-term plans.

In August 1909, a large number of re-education through labor prisoners and re-education through labor inmates were transported to Shanxi, Shaanxi, and the greening project of the Loess Plateau officially began.

In February 1912, the "merging of villages and villages" and the relocation of urban populations around the river were completed, the construction of roads to transport construction materials and equipment was completed, and various works were prepared, and the Yellow River control project on this plane officially began.

At this time, a large group of people were filming a show on the embankment on the north bank of the Yellow River.

"Hello everyone, everyone! Here is the special program of "Future Yellow River", I am CCTV reporter Pu Runing, and I am on the embankment of the Yellow River in Kaifeng......" Pu Runing, a reporter full of royal sister temperament, talked eloquently in front of the camera.

"Audience, on my left is the existing channel of the Yellow River, and on my right is the new channel. As you can see, the new river channel is much narrower than the existing one......" The camera switched left and right with Pu Runing's introduction, and then switched the scene of the river on both sides. Pu Meizi took out a piece of paper and looked at it: "Well, I have a data here, the widest part of the existing riverbed in the Kaifeng section of the Yellow River is about 12 kilometers, and the narrowest part is about 4 kilometers. The riverbed in Henan is generally about 10 kilometers wide, and the widest can reach 20 kilometers, and the distribution is extremely irregular. Our new river channel is artificially constructed, and the width of the riverbed is very regular, usually only 500 to 1,000 meters, and the widest is less than three kilometers......"

"So why don't we clean up the existing river and dig a new one, and what are the considerations? We asked Dr. Li Yizhi, a well-known water conservancy expert, vice minister of the Ministry of Water Resources of China, and chairman of the Yellow River Engineering Committee, to answer for us...... Pu Runing turned the microphone to Li Yizhi next to him.

Li Yizhi nodded and said, "...... The accumulation landform formed by the Yellow River carrying and accumulating sediment is the fundamental cause of the breach, so the control of the Yellow River is the control of sediment. This is divided into two parts, one part is to reduce the sediment flow into the Yellow River in the middle reaches of the Loess Plateau, which can be solved by building silt dams on the Loess Plateau, planting trees, and returning farmland to forest and grassland. The other part is to increase the hydrodynamic force of the lower reaches of the Yellow River, so that it can carry away sediment and not accumulate in the channel. I'm not in charge of the first part, so I'll focus on the second part......"

“...... Because the existing river channel is too wide, its flow rate is very slow, and the river water power is insufficient, so we need to tighten the river channel and increase the power of the water. Because of the accumulation of sediment for many years, the lower reaches of the Yellow River have become an above-ground river, which is a hanging river and is very dangerous. For example, here in Kaifeng, the bottom of the riverbed in the Kaifeng section of the Yellow River is higher than the ground on both sides of the riverbed, which is 7~8 meters above the ground level of Kaifeng City, and the highest point is more than 10 meters. Wei Daliang City is now more than 10 meters deep below the ground, Tang Bianzhou City is about 10 meters deep from the ground, Northern Song Dynasty Tokyo City is about 8 meters deep from the ground, Jinbianjing City is about 6 meters deep, and Ming Kaifeng City is about 5 meters deep. For thousands of years, the flooding of the Yellow River has caused levees to burst or divert its course, which has always been a serious threat to the survival and security of the Chinese nation. The best way to thoroughly solve the problem of the Yellow River hanging over a thousand miles is to try to make this hanging river no longer hanging in the air both economically and scientifically and skillfully. Therefore, if the existing river channel is renovated, the cost of making the hanging river no longer hang in the air is too great, and the construction is more difficult and the cost is higher. This is very uneconomical, so the best thing to do is to dig a new channel again. Li Yizhi talked eloquently to the camera.

"Vice Minister Li, why did you choose to be on the north side of the existing river instead of the south side?" asked Pu Runing again.

"Oh, this is because the geomorphological characteristics of the lower reaches of the Yellow River are that the terrain on the north bank of the Yellow River is generally lower than that on the south bank, so it is more desirable to choose a new channel on the north bank. The new riverbed of the Yellow River formed between the new embankment and the original north bank embankment is 7 to 10 meters lower than the original river channel on average without excavation, saving a lot of engineering, after our construction, the bottom of the new river channel is 5 to 10 meters lower than the ground level on both banks, and the thousands of miles of hanging river are thus turned into a disaster. The new riverbed is lower than the ground, and the implementation of the strategy of wide and deep river trough without leaving the river beach is conducive to further downcutting and troughing. Even if the siltation of the Yellow River may be slowly reversed in the future, at least the new riverbed will be safe for more than 200 years. In addition, in order to save the amount of work and reduce costs, we made full use of the original north bank embankment as the south bank embankment of the new river channel. ”

"Vice Minister Li, we can see that the new river channel is very straight, there are very few bends, and the cross-section of the river channel is an obvious trapezoid, and the inner side of the embankment on both sides is reinforced concrete. Why, please?"

"Well, straightening the bends is an important measure to increase the hydrodynamics, and the original river channel has too many bends, resulting in a significant reduction in the flow velocity. Therefore, the new river course is mainly straight, and even where a turn has to be made, we use a large diameter bend to minimize the factor of reducing the flow velocity...... The river section is not trapezoidal, it is actually a triangle, and the plane at the bottom of the current is the margin for future downcuts. The new channel is now a reinforced concrete channel, which can increase the strength of the embankment on both sides of the river, so that the flood water cannot break through the bad bank from the left and right. The purpose of artificially constructing a triangular river section is also to standardize and straighten the river channel, stir the sediment with the power of the river, and wash the sediment into the sea, so as to maintain the long-term trend of scouring the river channel. These are designed for this purpose......"

"Vice Minister Li, according to the Yellow River control plan, the new Yellow River channel will start from Tongwaxiang, and most of it will be built in accordance with the direction of the old road of the Ming and Qing dynasties, that is, it will enter the sea from the north of Jiangsu.

"The existing river channel that flows into the Bohai Sea through Shandong will not be useless, and after it has been transformed, it will become an important channel for the south-to-north water diversion. As for why it was changed to the Ming and Qing dynasties, the reason is very simple, it is to protect the Bohai Sea and increase the land area. The accumulation of sediment in the Yellow River threatens the Bohai Sea to become smaller and smaller, and even eventually disappears, allowing the Yellow River to divert into the Yellow Sea, creating about 80 square kilometers of new territory a year. The Bohai Sea is an inland sea, and according to international law, it is equivalent to our own territory, but the Yellow Sea is different. Li Yizhi said with a smile.

There is no need to keep this kind of thing secret, and it doesn't hurt to say it publicly. The scientists of the great powers are not stupid, who does not know how the impact on the plains came about? But this kind of thing is not easy to learn, even if other countries want to learn from China's land reclamation, they must first find a Yellow River out, or they can only follow the example of the Dutch to reclaim the land by hand, and then the cost will go to the sea.

"Thank you very much Vice Minister Li for your introduction. After Pu Runing finished the on-site interview, he boarded the CCTV airship and started aerial photography along the new river channel, photographing the entire new river channel.

The new river channel is roughly divided into two ends, starting from Taohuayu to the west section of Tongwaxiang, and the new river channel is built on the north bank of the Yellow River. From Tongwaxiang to Jiangsu, the abandoned Yellow River estuary is the eastern section, which is mainly re-excavated and repaired on the basis of the old Yellow River, of course, this section of the new river channel is not completely in accordance with the route of the old Yellow River, and the same strategy is also adopted as the western section, cutting and straightening, tightening and deepening the river, and concrete channeling, etc. In addition, the new river channel also bypasses Xuzhou and the surrounding counties, and bypasses important lakes such as Luoma Lake and Hongze Lake. In the section that crosses the Grand Canal and the Xinyi River, a huge water interchange hub system has also been built to prevent the sediment of the Yellow River from entering the Grand Canal and other rivers, and to make these rivers navigable with the Yellow River.

According to the plan, after the Yellow River enters the new channel, the existing section of the "hanging river" bed that rises above the ground will also be used. It will be bulldozed and compacted and used as a roadbed for future highways. In this way, it can not only provide a convenient transportation artery for Henan and Shandong, promote the development of local economy, but also play a role in strengthening the embankment on the south bank of the new river.

Another advantage of excavating the new channel is that it can fully take care of the needs of traffic on the north and south banks, and excavate in the open air under the future riverbed in advance, and construct a traffic culvert across the bottom of the Yellow River. At present, where the new river channel passes, dozens of river bottom tunnels have been basically completed to reach both banks. Excavating in the open and backfilling is much less complicated than building bridges or digging under existing river channels.

In the future, with the completion of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project and the North-South Water Diversion Project, the flow of the Yellow River will rise sharply, and many reservoirs will be built in the Yellow River in the future, and in the future, these reservoirs and new rivers will also face the problem of being silted by sediment, and dredging will also be a long-term task to be carried out every year in the future. The dredging sludge will not be wasted, and the dredging sludge will be piled up in the soil yard to dry naturally. After it is half dry, it will be transported by train to the desert area in the northwest to bury sand and make fields. In this way, the problem of silt disposal is not only solved, but also the transformation of desert areas is accelerated.

This method is not limited to the Yellow River, but will also be used in the southern region, where the silt from the dredging of lakes and rivers will also be dried and sent to areas where the soil is needed, such as the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, where the soil layer is very thin.

"It's a really mega project, involving a lot of factors, and it's a very complex and comprehensive project that was unimaginable before, and it's unique in the world today. Such a great project can only be accomplished by a great country!" Prunin said proudly into the camera.

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PS: It's the middle of the month, ask for tickets, ask for recommendations, ask for subscriptions, and ask for all kinds of ...... Straightening is an important measure to increase hydrodynamics, and the original river channel has too many bends, resulting in a significant reduction in flow velocity. Therefore, the new river course is mainly straight, and even where a turn has to be made, we use a large diameter bend to minimize the factor of reducing the flow velocity...... The river section is not trapezoidal, it is actually a triangle, and the plane at the bottom of the current is the margin for future downcuts. The new channel is now a reinforced concrete channel, which can increase the strength of the embankment on both sides of the river, so that the flood water cannot break through the bad bank from the left and right. The purpose of artificially constructing a triangular river section is also to standardize and straighten the river channel, stir the sediment with the power of the river, and wash the sediment into the sea, so as to maintain the long-term trend of scouring the river channel. These are designed for this purpose......"

"Vice Minister Li, according to the Yellow River control plan, the new Yellow River channel will start from Tongwaxiang, and most of it will be built in accordance with the direction of the old road of the Ming and Qing dynasties, that is, it will enter the sea from the north of Jiangsu.

"The existing river channel that flows into the Bohai Sea through Shandong will not be useless, and after it has been transformed, it will become an important channel for the south-to-north water diversion. As for why it was changed to the Ming and Qing dynasties, the reason is very simple, it is to protect the Bohai Sea and increase the land area. The accumulation of sediment in the Yellow River threatens the Bohai Sea to become smaller and smaller, and even eventually disappears, allowing the Yellow River to divert into the Yellow Sea, creating about 80 square kilometers of new territory a year. The Bohai Sea is an inland sea, and according to international law, it is equivalent to our own territory, but the Yellow Sea is different. Li Yizhi said with a smile.

There is no need to keep this kind of thing secret, and it doesn't hurt to say it publicly. The scientists of the great powers are not stupid, who does not know how the impact on the plains came about? But this kind of thing is not easy to learn, even if other countries want to learn from China's land reclamation, they must first find a Yellow River out, or they can only follow the example of the Dutch to reclaim the land by hand, and then the cost will go to the sea.

"Thank you very much Vice Minister Li for your introduction. After Pu Runing finished the on-site interview, he boarded the CCTV airship and started aerial photography along the new river channel, photographing the entire new river channel.

The new river channel is roughly divided into two ends, starting from Taohuayu to the west section of Tongwaxiang, and the new river channel is built on the north bank of the Yellow River. From Tongwaxiang to Jiangsu, the abandoned Yellow River estuary is the eastern section, which is mainly re-excavated and repaired on the basis of the old Yellow River, of course, this section of the new river channel is not completely in accordance with the route of the old Yellow River, and the same strategy is also adopted as the western section, cutting and straightening, tightening and deepening the river, and concrete channeling, etc. In addition, the new river channel also bypasses Xuzhou and the surrounding counties, and bypasses important lakes such as Luoma Lake and Hongze Lake. In the section that crosses the Grand Canal and the Xinyi River, a huge water interchange hub system has also been built to prevent the sediment of the Yellow River from entering the Grand Canal and other rivers, and to make these rivers navigable with the Yellow River.

According to the plan, after the Yellow River enters the new channel, the existing section of the "hanging river" bed that rises above the ground will also be used. It will be bulldozed and compacted and used as a roadbed for future highways. In this way, it can not only provide a convenient transportation artery for Henan and Shandong, promote the development of local economy, but also play a role in strengthening the embankment on the south bank of the new river.

Another advantage of excavating the new channel is that it can fully take care of the needs of traffic on the north and south banks, and excavate in the open air under the future riverbed in advance, and construct a traffic culvert across the bottom of the Yellow River. At present, where the new river channel passes, dozens of river bottom tunnels have been basically completed to reach both banks. Excavating in the open and backfilling is much less complicated than building bridges or digging under existing river channels.

In the future, with the completion of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project and the North-South Water Diversion Project, the flow of the Yellow River will rise sharply, and many reservoirs will be built in the Yellow River in the future, and in the future, these reservoirs and new rivers will also face the problem of being silted by sediment, and dredging will also be a long-term task to be carried out every year in the future. The dredging sludge will not be wasted, and the dredging sludge will be piled up in the soil yard to dry naturally. After it is half dry, it will be transported by train to the desert area in the northwest to bury sand and make fields. In this way, the problem of silt disposal is not only solved, but also the transformation of desert areas is accelerated.

This method is not limited to the Yellow River, but will also be used in the southern region, where the silt from the dredging of lakes and rivers will also be dried and sent to areas where the soil is needed, such as the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, where the soil layer is very thin.

"It's a really mega project, involving a lot of factors, and it's a very complex and comprehensive project that was unimaginable before, and it's unique in the world today. Such a great project can only be accomplished by a great country!" Prunin said proudly into the camera.

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PS: It's the middle of the month, ask for tickets, ask for recommendations, ask for subscriptions, and ask for all kinds of ......