Chapter 20 National Debt
Having money is not everything, but without money, it is absolutely impossible!
I don't know which one of the later generations said such incisive words?
Silver money is the mother of the government!
Without money, you can't do anything. Just like the predicament faced by the Great Song Dynasty today, whether it is the entry of 50,000 troops into Hexi, or the immigration of nearly a million Sichuan soldiers and civilians to Shibian, or the construction of water conservancy, the construction of ports and wharves, or even the sailors of the Great Song Dynasty going to the South Seas, all the measures of the Great Song Dynasty are related to money.
Not to mention the compulsory education that is now in force, as well as the expenditure on related schools.
Without money, everything is free to talk about!
It is difficult for an abandoned woman to cook without rice, and she must not print money on a large scale, so that the entire country's economy will collapse and the child will become worthless.
"Zhengong, how much treasury money does the household department have now?"
"Your Majesty, the treasury of the household department is only more than three million yuan. The salary in the northwest alone will cost more than 2.3 million yuan, not including rice and grain. Hexi Road and Lintaofu Road repaired the city wall fortress, the road station, the silver needs more than 300 thousand. The flood on Jinghu Road washed away the houses, the fertile fields became swamps, and more than 100,000 people were affected, and 300,000 stones of money and grain needed to be allocated. There are also sailors who went to the South Seas, spending more than 3 million yuan of money and grain. ”
"Your Majesty, the household department does not have much money in deposit, and it is difficult to support such a huge expenditure. I'm afraid I'll have to find another way. ”
Military and educational expenses, especially for the use of soldiers, seem unnecessary.
Looking for another way?
Zhao Hong smiled bitterly and leaned back in his chair.
What can he do? He is not an economic expert, and it is not easy for him to get to this point without bankrupting the national economy of the Great Song Dynasty.
"Your Majesty, Master Xu is here."
"Announce him in!"
"Which one is a counterfeit?"
Zhao Hong looked at the meeting in his hand in surprise, the printing was exquisite, the paper was of high quality, and when he looked at it, it was almost exactly the same as the real coin Xu Liang pointed to, and it was not an exaggeration to say that it was true.
"Your Majesty, the paper used for counterfeit money is made by the paper mills of the two prefectures of Huixuan, and the quality is of high quality, exactly the same as the paper used in Huizi. The engraving craftsmen and printmakers of the copperplate were all first-class masters of the people, so the counterfeit coins produced were almost the same as those of the imperial court. ”
Xu Liang's explanation made Zhao Hong nod slightly.
Masters are in the folk. The fact that such a counterfeit coin can be created proves that this sentence is indeed true.
"Your Majesty, at the beginning of the establishment of the Huizi, the value of the currency was strong, based on the left money of 100,000 yuan, and the price of the Huizi and the copper coins was roughly worth about 770 wen per coin. After the main road, the issuance of huizi increased greatly, but the preparation of money did not rise, so huizi was low. In order not to depreciate the value of the Huizi, in the fourth year of the main road, the imperial court took out another 2 million taels of silver from the inner treasury and burned the collected Huizi. ”
Xu Liang talked eloquently, and Zhen Dexiu continued to talk about his words.
"Your Majesty, what Master Xu said is extremely true! Since the reign of the first emperor, first the Northern Expedition of Kaixi, and then the seven-year war of Jiading Song and Jin, repeated wars made the treasury empty, financial embarrassment, the imperial court in order to raise military expenses, in addition to additional taxes, only more printing Huizi. ”
Zhen Dexiu's brows were tightly locked, and slowly speaking, Zhao Hong understood seven or eight points in his heart.
From ancient times to the present day, without exception. The issuance of money has its own laws, and if there are too many paper money in circulation, its value will inevitably fall. In the words of later generations, it is "money is worthless", inflation.
According to the theory of money flow, prices are too low, the purchasing power of the people is not high, the economic depression will cause an economic crisis, the government can adopt a slight inflation policy, and the price rise is not a bad thing. However, when inflation becomes vicious, paper money depreciates, and prices soar sharply, the monetary system is disordered or even destroyed, which will eventually lead to economic collapse. One of the reasons for the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty was this.
During the Jiading period, the price of goods increased greatly compared with the previous generation, and the circulation of Huizi had reached 230 million yuan, but compared with the hyperinflation in the late Southern Song Dynasty, it was still very slight.
In addition, he implemented the new policy and let the Jingjie Law be implemented smoothly, so that the taxes of the official eunuchs and powerful were handed over in full, and the annual increase in taxes was about 10 million yuan just for the two Zhejiang, Liangjiang and Sichuan four roads, which can be said to have greatly alleviated the internal contradictions of the Great Song Dynasty.
But 10 million yuan, compared to the huge 230 million yuan, seems to be a drop in the bucket.
Not to mention anything else, the bereavement and reward of the Northwest Frontier Army alone is more than 2 million. Coupled with the real side of immigration, it costs as much as tens of millions, which is really a headache.
"Damn it!"
Remembering that money is being used everywhere in the country, it often makes him anxious, and the Quanzhou City Shipping Division has "stabilized and fallen" when the taxes of other city shipping companies have increased significantly, and the anger in Zhao Hong's heart has risen.
What four families, four piles of shit! From ancient times to the present, China has been damaged by these scumbags!
He worked hard, opened mines and built factories, prospered all industries, stimulated export trade, and wanted "Made in the Great Song Dynasty" to become popular all over the world and transfer the economic crisis of the Great Song Dynasty. According to his assumptions, in the first five years, the average annual profit from trade will reach 5 million guan, and in the second five years, it will reach an average of more than 10 million guan per year.
And now, these guys from Quanzhou City Bosi slapped him hard.
You can't always count on copying the homes of a few corrupt officials to get by! If that's the case, Da Song is really done.
"How many counterfeit coins have been issued?"
Zhao Hong picked up a counterfeit banknote of "two runs" and looked at it himself.
The paper is much larger than the 100-dollar bills of later generations, but it is a bit like the ...... of later generations Stock.
Zhao Hong's heart was excited, and he subconsciously remembered something.
"Your Majesty, according to the estimates of the counterfeit money dens found in various places, in the past five years, the outflow of counterfeit money has been around 3 million yuan. From the fourth year of Jiading to the present, the counterfeit money on the market should be around six or seven million yuan. ”
Xu Liang estimated and said, there are only a lot of counterfeit money, six or seven million counterfeit banknotes, which is still a conservative estimate.
"Your Majesty, since the fourth year of Jiading, the imperial court has issued the fifteenth realm meeting, with an amount of 230 million yuan, and the change of boundary period is 20 years. Even though the imperial court spared no effort to crack down on the manufacture of counterfeit money, counterfeit money still appeared in an endless stream. Six or seven million counterfeit banknotes are not surprising. ”
"20 years!"
Zhen Dexiu's explanation made Zhao Hong surprised for a while, and he couldn't help but shake his head.
According to the usual practice, the boundaries are changed every three years, and at most once every four years. From four years in Jiading, it was suddenly changed to 20 years before the boundary was changed, and it is not surprising that millions of counterfeit coins have appeared in so many years. It's no wonder that the ruling minister, Jin Deok-so, frequently urged him to change boundaries.
It seems that his teacher is not so bad.
And his "father" Song Ning, Mr. Song, is really "Ning" enough, which is really bad.
According to historical records, it was not until after Shi Miyuan's death that it was twenty-one years before the next boundary change, and it was also the sixteenth realm, with a circulation of 329 million yuan.
Shi Miyuan, it's really tyrannical enough! And Song Lizong Zhao Yun is really a "good son"!
National affairs, in the hands of these people, are all playful, careless, the Great Song Dynasty and the people of the Great Song Dynasty, how sad!
"Your Majesty, how will the relevant criminals in the counterfeit money case and the officials involved in the Huizhou Xuanzhou Paper Mill be dealt with? And these seized counterfeit money, do they want to be destroyed? ”
"Of course, we must punish severely! Especially those who are guarded and steal by themselves, and the huge amount of moths is a huge evil, and they will be severely punished according to the law, and together with the burning of counterfeit money, they will be punished! ”
After Zhao Hong finished speaking, he looked at the two ministers below and raised the brand-new fake meeting in his hand.
"The imperial court can't make ends meet with its taxes. You say, is it possible to raise money from the private sector? ”
"Financing?"
Xu Liang and Zhen Deok Xiu's eyes widened.
"No, no, no, it's not financing. It is to sell these things, which is equivalent to borrowing money from the people. Do you understand? ”
Between Xu Liang and Zhen Dexiu's ignorance, Zhao Hong himself had suddenly become enlightened, couldn't wait, asked and answered himself, and continued.
"In fact, it is to print some large bonds and sell them to the people, of course, mainly the rich, just like borrowing. The cash-out date is three or five years, up to a maximum of ten years, and the interest rate is 10%, 1/2 and 20%. Of course, behind this is the credibility of the Great Song Dynasty. I'll call him a national debt. ”
The imperial court's finances could not make ends meet, and when it discovered the national debt, it borrowed from the society to make up for the lack of financial endowment, raise sufficient funds, and continue to implement various national policies.
As for the maturity of the treasury bonds issued, if the financial resources are tight, new treasury bonds can be issued, and the collected treasury bonds can be used to repay the principal and interest of the old mature treasury bonds, and the cycle repeats.
"Your Majesty, this is good governance, the minister asks Your Majesty to issue an edict, and the minister will do it immediately!"
The irritability in Zhen Dexiu's heart immediately went a few points.
The dignified household is still in the book, and the treasury is empty, which really annoys him. Immigrants go south and north, education is complicated, roads and bridges are all big heads, not to mention the vast military spending, which place does not need money?
Fortunately, there is finally a solution to the dilemma.
"Okay, this matter will be handled by the real father. Treasury bonds should be well-printed and difficult to imitate, and some regulations should be required to ensure the interests of the imperial court and the purchasers. The first tranche of treasury bonds will be set at 20 million yuan for the time being. ”
Zhao Hong looked at the two humerus ministers and spoke seriously.
"Remember, government bonds can only be purchased with gold, silver, or copper coins. The same gold, silver, and copper coins are also used to pay due. With sufficient reserves for gold, silver and copper, it is time to prepare for the change of boundary. ”
20 million guan in exchange for 20 million guan corresponding to silver and copper coins should be able to solve the urgent need, and when issuing treasury bonds, the boundary change can be boldly carried out later, interlocking.
"Your Majesty, will there really be so much gold, silver and bronze to repay at that time?"
While Jin Deok-so was excited, he began to worry again.
There are not many gold, silver and copper mines in the Great Song Dynasty, and the national debt is due, so I am afraid that it will be stretched.
"Don't worry! I have my own measure! ”
Zhao Hong smiled confidently.
The Great Song Dynasty sailors colonized all over the country, and the gold, silver and copper mines in Australia and South Africa were afraid that they would not be able to supply the use of the Great Song Dynasty?
When I returned to the harem, I saw that in the Ciyuan Palace, my mother Yu was holding her daughter Zhao Xin to sleep, and Zhao Hong felt that she was going to take it over.
"It's been a busy day, let's go back and rest."
Seeing the tired look on Zhao Hong's face, Yu urged his son.
Now there are several royal grandsons in the harem, in addition to the eldest grandson Zhao Quan, there are two other imperial grandsons, who were born to Li Weiming and Jia Bijin. There are also two royal granddaughters, except for one who was born to Zhou Xiuniang, and the other who was Zhao Xin in Yu's arms.
Three imperial grandchildren, two imperial granddaughters, a total of five grandchildren, Yu was happy in his heart, and he was very busy.
In comparison, the Empress Dowager Yang Guizhi seems to be much more indifferent to her imperial grandchildren and granddaughters.
"What about Yang Yi? Slept? ”
Zhao Hong subconsciously asked.
She moved to live in Cining Hall and said that she would recuperate. Go back and rest. ”
Yu urged, and Zhao Hong retired and left.
Yang Yi almost had a difficult birth when she gave birth to her daughter, and I don't know if it was because of this reason, so she was lukewarm to her daughter, and moved to Cining Hall to live.
Zhao Hong was helpless and shook his head. After eating, he also had to look at his women and children, fulfilling his responsibilities as husband and father.