[It should also be noted that with the gradual popularization of schools in the Song Dynasty, the development of the south has also become more and more perfect.

On this point, today's history textbooks summarize it clearly, and the southward shift of the ancient economic center began during the Northern and Southern Dynasties.

Many people know the allusion of the southern crossing of the cloth, and this is also the first large-scale population migration of the feudal dynasty to the south.

More than 400 years later, the Anshi Rebellion broke out, and the Central Plains Shishu chose to migrate south to avoid the chaos in order to escape the war, which was the second southward migration of the population.

If the first two large-scale population migrations to the south only made the development of the south more and more perfect, then after the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty and the completion of the southern crossing of Hangzhou to the south, the balance of power between the north and the south has been completely reversed.

Taking data here as an example, according to the records of Song history, during the period of Song Shenzong, there were about 45 million mu of cultivated land on the west and west roads of Beijing, Tokyo and Tianjin, which is now Shaanxi, Henan, Shandong and other places, and it is also the north in the conventional sense of the Northern Song Dynasty.

And what about the South? During the same period, 36 million mu of land was reclaimed on Liangzhejiang Road, 87 million mu was reclaimed on Jiangdong East Road and Jiangxi East Road, and more than 11 million mu was reclaimed on Fujian Road.

Forty-five million versus one hundred and thirty-four million, the contrast is very intuitive.

In addition, in terms of population comparison, in the middle of the Southern Song Dynasty, the population of the Jingjing West Road area in the Northern Song Dynasty was only 2.3% of that during the reign of Huizong of the Song Dynasty.

During the same period, the population in the south basically rose, such as the population of Liangzhejiang Road rose by 7%, Jiangnan Road and Jiangnan Road by 47%, and Fujian Road by 58%.

And in the North, with the double debuff of population and economic collapse, education has unsurprisingly suffered a devastating blow.

For example, Henan Road was trapped in the Northern Song Dynasty by only 15 financial and official schools, and in the Southern Song Dynasty there were only about 10, and all of them were run by the Jin people, and the level was not flattering.

In contrast, the quality of teaching in the southern region has been steadily improved, with 48 government schools in Zhejiang and 47 in Jiangdong during the Northern Song Dynasty, and 74 and 76 schools in the Southern Song Dynasty.

And this is just official learning, during the Southern Song Dynasty, private learning became a common practice, and the colleges run by the respected scholars were even more famous than official schools.

For example, we all know the allusion of Chengmen Lixue, in which Yang Shi, who studied in the allusion, later became the leader of Ercheng Luoxue.

The old party gained power during the period of high talk, but then soon made a gap within the party.

Shu Xue, headed by Su Shi and Su Zhe, admired the way of sages and advocated the theory of unity of temperament; Luoxue, headed by Ercheng, advocates the theory of sexual goodness and evil.

In the end, the two sides competed with each other for learning, and the "Luoshu Dispute" broke out, and finally Luoxue lost power, and Cheng Yi was deposed by Lian.

During the Song Dynasty Huizong, Cheng Yi publicly criticized Cai Jing, because Huizong did not like it, and Luoxue almost declined at that time.

Yang Shi, the protagonist of Chengmen Lixue, was determined to maintain and revitalize Luoxue after his success, but because of Cai Jing's suppression of Luoxue, Yang Shi had to go to the south.

Finally, during the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, Yang Shi founded Donglin Academy on the prosperous Liangzhejiang Road, which was one of the most famous private schools in the vicinity of Jiangsu and Zhejiang at that time.

About 500 years later, several scholars of the Ming Dynasty chose to go home to engage in education after being dismissed for their words, and this group of literati from Jiangsu and Zhejiang finally chose to restore this school as a place of teaching on the site of Donglin Academy.

Several scholars jointly initiated the Donglin Conference in the college and formulated the "Donglin Covenant", and the people of the time called them the Eight Gentlemen of Donglin, which was the predecessor of the "Donglin Party" in the late Ming Dynasty.

Well, that's a big deal.

In short, the end of the Northern Song Dynasty was a critical period of the balance of forces between the north and the south, and people of insight in the early stage of the reform may have vaguely realized this.

For example, during the Song Yingzong period, in order to support the government and learning, 63 professors were sent abroad, of which 39 were in the north and 24 in the south.

But later, the struggle between the old and new parties became more and more fierce, and there was no place for people who really did things, and the Song Huizong period was basically a laissez-faire attitude, and all political affairs were extinguished with the death of the Song Dynasty.

In October of the seventh year of Xuanhe, the Jin soldiers raised an army to attack the Song Dynasty.

In the first month of the first year of Jingkang, the Jin soldiers besieged Bianliang, and in February of the second year of Jingkang, the city of Bianliang was broken, Huizong Qinzong was captured, and Zhao Gou crossed to the south.

In a sense, when Wan Yan decided to flee south, the Ming Dynasty's north-south list case was already doomed. 】

Pang Tong: Liaodong raised troops in October, and it only took three months to attack Bianliang, and I have never heard of such an easy Kyoto.

Li Shimin: A good one is not in danger in Germany.

Zhang Fei: This faint monarch has backbone, and he didn't learn from the Tang Emperor to flee first.

Zhang Fei: Your Majesty Erfeng, I don't mean to criticize you.

Li Shimin: ...... General Wu Xiaoyide has a pure heart. 〗

Zhao Kuangyin felt that he had gradually figured out the bad taste of his juniors, just like this time.

The numbers in front of him made him look at it quite laboriously, and he was even a little happy when he looked at the hundreds of millions of acres of farmland.

After all, from this point of view alone, compared with the number of acres of land in the Tang Dynasty in memory, although Yanyun has not been restored, it is no longer inferior to Tang Ye.

And from this point of view, it can't be said that it is the work of the new policy of changing the law, which makes Zhao Kuangyin's heart a little itchy, and he can't wait to discuss with Zhao Pu how to study now.

Zhao Kuangyin didn't understand what Cheng Men Lixue meant, but seeing that the old party could still fight among themselves, he felt that he was more and more hopeless about the court in this hundred years.

And there are more things related to the Ming Dynasty that I don't understand, but before Zhao Kuangyin can figure it out, the state of the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty is clearly presented in just a few sentences.

The military advisers under the command of Emperor Zhaolie summed it up very clearly, besieged Kyoto in March, and destroyed the country at the age of one.

For more than 160 years, the rule of Chongwen was finally hasty.

Liaodong has come to this level for more than 2,000 miles, and it will come in March; A hundred years of raising soldiers, there is no one who can fight to the death?

Zhao Kuangyin almost wanted to vomit blood.

Over there, Zhao Guangyi had already shrunk his head when he saw that the situation was not good, but he was afraid that his brother would worry about the old account of "not being in danger in Germany" with him.

Now it is not easy to endure the pain in his legs, and he has just spoken for some reason and made his brother unhappy, Zhao Kuangyi simply shut up and shrank his head without saying a word, trying to show a deferential appearance.

"Official ......"

Zhao Pu wanted to comfort him, but what he got was Zhao Kuangyin shook his head and said:

"It's fine."

or because he knew about Jing Kang's shame earlier, or because he learned from the army in his early years, he was not surprised, but in short, Zhao Kuangyin recovered in a very short time, and even began to discuss with Zhao Pu:

"It seems that if you want to prolong the Song Dynasty, you should protect the land of Gyeonggi in order to be a good talent for the Northern Expedition."

Zhao Pu nodded, a similar analysis had already been said ten years ago when the Snowy Night Chronicles were in the world, so there was no need to repeat it at this time.

There are many examples of the difference between the north and the south in history, from the Jiangdong partial peace of the Three Kingdoms at the end of the Han Dynasty to the opposition of wealthy households in Jiangsu and Zhejiang to the support of soldiers in the northwest at the end of the Tang Dynasty, which does not need to be explained in detail.

After thinking about it, Zhao Kuangyin squatted down and patted his brother's thigh seriously:

"If it weren't for the disadvantage of your two wars, if the dynasty that changed the law could have one or two strong armies, why would it be ......?"

Zhao Guangyi grinned in pain, but he didn't dare to say a word.

……

Zhang Fei hurriedly tore down another note, dipped his pen in ink, turned his head and asked Kong Ming:

"Military advisor, this Tang Emperor boasted of his pure heart."

"Is it advisable for me to return to 'Your Majesty Erfeng, who will also be able to surpass the First Emperor'?"

Kong Ming shook his head in disagreement and said with a smile:

"Just stop here, don't say more."

However, Kong Ming was very suspicious in his heart, this Erfeng said that Yide had a pure heart, and seemed to be scolding.

But looking back, the two sentences that Yide said reveal people's scars, and they also have the meaning of Piri Yangqiu.

Seeing Zhang Fei reluctantly twisting the paper ball in his hand, Kong Ming was also relieved.

They were originally Hanchen, if Emperor Xiaowu was more inappropriate than these two phoenixes, I am afraid that Yide would mention the merits of the first emperor.

But I'm afraid that in the eyes of that Erfeng, the first thing he noticed was the killing of his brother by Hu Hai, the son of the first emperor.

I can't help Kong Ming not think about it, after all, later generations have said that these two phoenixes are small-minded......

Zhang Fei didn't know how many thoughts had turned in the military advisor's heart in a short period of time, and after twisting the note, he quickly put down the matter, and discussed the next thing with great interest:

"If there is such a difference between north and south in the future generations, then won't there be a difference between east and west at this time?"

Liu Bei laughed and laughed:

"What are you doing for this false name? Equal wings for the vanguard of the restoration of Yuzhou to make the north and south collusion, then there is no difference. ”

Speaking of this thing that had been promised, Zhang Fei was happy again.

……

Li Shimin put down his pen and stroked his head, and said helplessly:

"This Zhang Yide, he doesn't lose Xuancheng in his oral work."

Wei Zheng, who was lying on the gun, immediately protested:

"The minister is not a person who insinuates, and his words and mistakes are all pointed out to his face."

The corners of Li Shimin's mouth twitched, and he didn't know which of the two ways was better to evaluate for a while.

Shaking his head to reveal the matter for the time being, Li Shimin was naturally more interested in the "Belt Ming", and couldn't help but ask at this moment:

"This Ming Dynasty rebuilt Donglin Academy, they are all idle people, why did they become a party?"

Fang Xuanling has been in and out of the country a lot recently, so he said in an orderly manner at this time:

"This Eight Gentlemen of Donglin may have good intentions at first, but his attitude of preaching and preaching is similar to that of the famous men of the Later Han Dynasty."

This made Li Shimin suddenly wake up, and the remarks of how fame, wealth, and power were born in order when later generations evaluated the celebrities of the Later Han Dynasty also emerged from his mind, and he even remembered another difference in the Ming Dynasty:

"And this makes it clear that the cheaper the paper price, the ......"

Whether it is from the proportion of cloth clothes that the younger generations said before, or the many ways of the Ming Dynasty, or the extreme prosperity, Li Shimin faintly guessed:

Perhaps the scholars of the Ming Dynasty had a much better reputation among the people than in the Later Han Dynasty.

I just don't know what this Ming Dynasty looks like? Li Shimin faintly became curious.

[The economic disparity brought about by the difference between the north and the south leads to the inequality of educational resources, which objectively exists.

But at the same time, when we were in school, our teachers also said that achieving fairness and justice is destined to be a long process, and it is also one of the goals of modern society.

One of the means to achieve fairness and justice is, of course, the compulsory education system, which now benefits all of us.

As mentioned earlier, the official school in the Song Huizong period was at the peak of the feudal era in terms of scale, and it had a little taste of obligation, but it was not after all.

Even the most complete official school in the Northern Song Dynasty is at most a subsidy for students, not free of charge in the compulsory education stage like we have now.

In addition, the compulsory and basic nature of compulsory education today is far from being comparable to ours in the feudal era.

For thousands of years, legislation has required all people of school age to attend school.

Of course, the current compulsory education is not perfect, but the starting line it draws is definitely the fairest one in the past 5,000 years.

At this point, this issue is officially over.

So in the next issue, we will still follow the perspective of the UP master, and let's review several real eternal characters of the two songs.

"Two Song Dynasty Romances: The Mountains and Mountains as Paper, the Iron Spine as the Pen, the Years as the Ink, and the Righteous Indignation of the Books"

Thank you to the audience for your support.

So, let's see you at the same time next time~]

Zhao Kuangyin was amazed in his heart, but he still knew that the business was important.

I wanted to look back and ask Zhao Pu to take it, but what I saw was that this Zaifu was tilting his head, his eyes flashing with undisguised eagerness and excitement.

Zhao Kuangyin knew that this was because of the compulsory education in later generations.

In fact, when it was mentioned earlier that Huizong's Chongning Xingxue, Zhao Kuangyin also guessed in his heart what compulsory education was.

But what I didn't expect was that later generations would use the law to require children to read.

With such a scene, I'm afraid that those ancient sages could hardly imagine that there would be such a day in China, right?

But the instinct of immersing himself in the battle array also reminded him that with the current situation of Song, it was enough to take a look at the politics of such a saint.

Song Huizong's study and politics were only scratching the surface, and he still needed to develop his studies three times in an orderly manner, and he was unable to make money from the people, and in the end he still failed.

If Song Chu wants to be the same as him now, it is tantamount to Handan learning to follow his example.

So Zhao Kuangyin simply got up silently and didn't bother Zhao Pu, and walked lightly to the side of the hall.

The discerning little yellow door over there hurriedly added a few more strokes, and then respectfully presented the painting.

Zhao Kuangyin admired it himself, then nodded and returned to the stone table to serve it according to the previous method.

It's just that he didn't expect to leave for a while, and there were already many words blooming on the light curtain, and Zhao Pu was also standing in front of the stone table to learn how to write on it with his fingers as a pen.

Zhuge Liang: Such a holy king's government is majestic and magnificent!

Li Shimin: I see the same as Wuhou!

Zhang Fei: It's the same for me.

Zhao Pu: With all his life's work, if he can achieve one or two of them, he will die at night.

Eldest grandson Wuji: Aren't the younger generations a dream? If one person dies, it can become one or two, so what is the complaint of me going to die?

Fa Zheng: If you want to do it, you should spare no effort, no money, no life, and it is a thought that you must hold on to crippling your body.

Zhao Pu: I thought that the eldest grandson was Wang Mang and Sima Yi and others must have high views, but it turned out to be a generation taken out of context.

Eldest grandson Wuji: You scolded Nai Shizuye?

Zhao Pu: Wang Mang's words and Sima Yi's words are not what I said, but Xu Jingzong's comments. 〗

Zhao Kuangyin wiped his sweat and pulled Zhao Pula, who was becoming more and more courageous, away from the stone table.

He knows very well what kind of character this old minister has, and he is really afraid that the world will not be chaotic.

The kind words comforted him with two sentences, and then Zhao Kuangyin put the painting in his hand on the stone table, and after meditating in his heart, he saw it disappear suddenly, and then he put his mind at ease.

Seeing that the people of the Tang Dynasty were temporarily silent on the light curtain, Zhao Kuangyin thought about it and took the initiative to write:

Zhao Kuangyin: I want to go on the Northern Expedition, can Wuhou teach me the method of leading the troops?

Li Shimin: How can the law of Wuhou be taught lightly? In front of the moon, he destroyed Tuguhun, taught you the sharp weapons of the Zuo army, and leveled the Khitan.

Li Shimin: Do you know the power of the Tang Dynasty? 〗

(End of chapter)