[The text of the novel has some historical depth, and although the text is very shallow, there will be a little reading threshold in it. Ignorance of background knowledge is likely to lead to unnecessary debate. Therefore, before the official serialization, I will provide some background introductions that have been refined and thought by the author, which is just a family's words.

The tax system implemented in the Tang Dynasty was mainly based on the collection of grain, cloth or service to the government, and was based on the implementation of the uniform land system. This system stipulates that all households with equal land, regardless of the amount of land granted by their families, shall pay a fixed amount of taxes and perform a certain amount of forced labor.

The content of the rent modulation is: every Ding must pay two stones to the state every year, which is called rent; Pay two zhang of silk, three taels of cotton or two zhang of cloth and five feet, three catties of hemp, called tune; If the state does not need its service, then each ding can pay 3 feet of silk or 3 feet 7 inches and 5 minutes of cloth every day, and pay the amount of 20 days to serve on behalf of the army, which is called Yong. If the state requires him to serve, he shall be exempted from transfer if he has served for an additional 15 days, and for an additional 30 days, he shall be exempted from rent. Normally, regular duty shall not exceed 50 days. In the event of a serious natural disaster such as floods and droughts, more than four-tenths of the crop loss will be exempted from rent, more than six-tenths of the loss will be exempted, and more than seven-tenths of the loss will be exempted. The system is based on the system of equalizing land and rationally solving the employment problem when the system does not take away agriculture.

The original intention of renting is that "if you have land, you will have rent, if you have households, you will have rent, and if you have Ding, you will have mediocrity".

The above is the main content of the rent adjustment, and it is also the main land tax system adopted before the Anshi Rebellion of the Tang Dynasty. This method was first developed by Cao Cao, and was later adopted by many dynasties, and gradually perfected by the Tang Dynasty.

On the surface, the system of rent adjustment is just an ordinary land policy, but with the passage of time and the research of later scholars on the system of rent adjustment, this system has become a landmark dividing line between the Middle Ages and the modern era (proposed by Japanese scholars).

The history of China from the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty to the Anshi Rebellion is called the Middle Ages, and then the transition period before the Northern Song Dynasty, and then the modern era until the end of the Qing Dynasty. Of course, there is no shortage of repetitions in the spiral of history, which is needless to say.

The truth of history, its change and stability, sometimes lies not in the change of a political regime, but in the changing trend of its grassroots social structure and the economic ties of various regions. If you feel that there is no problem with this sentence, then you can continue to read it, if you feel that this sentence is not right, then you don't have to read the rest of the content, it is just a waste of time.

The rent-adjustment system was a by-product of the "uniform field system", but the by-product itself was so rigid that it hindered the re-implementation of the uniform field system. Since the Anshi Rebellion, the rent adjustment system has entered the corner of history and is no longer used by later dynasties. The government military system that matched it also disappeared together.

Not to mention the benefits of the rent adjustment system, this is the founding artifact of the feudal empire and the royal road to stabilize the basic plate. However, the blessing and misfortune depend on how cool the rent-adjustment system was in the early stage, and how miserable the price was paid in the later stage, so that after the Anshi Rebellion, this system could not be implemented at all and disintegrated itself.

The great harm of the rent adjustment to the Tang Dynasty regime at that time was as follows, and almost all of them could not be solved.

First, when the rent adjustment was implemented, it was divided into households with classes and households without classes. The tax-exempt households are the relatives of the emperor, the upper ruling class, and the high-ranking bureaucrats, and these people have formed a network of relations, which can be said to be densely spread throughout the country, and the area of tax-free land is amazing!

The families and magnates, who themselves had the nature of land annexation, and then put on the rent adjustment system that deliberately indulged in land annexation, and after the accumulation of 100 years of peace, the number of tax-free fields reached an appalling level.

Some people say that feudal society is like this, and it is true. However, in order to maintain its rule, the state apparatus of the ruling class must find another way to make money, or die. The rent-yong system was not abolished early, and it was an important catalyst for the decline of the Tang Dynasty.

The "ancestral family law" of the rent adjustment system can be said to be one of the deep-seated reasons for the Anshi Rebellion, at least hundreds of times heavier than An Lushan's, although this system is not the only culprit.

Second, in addition to the fact that the rent adjustment itself is free of classes, there are many loopholes in the early stage of its establishment. The shortcomings of this system were covered up by Emperor Taizong's martial arts, and the best opportunity for innovation was lost. By the time the reform of the Tang Dynasty entered the deep water area, it was no longer able to return to the sky.

First of all, the time when the rent adjustment was proposed was in the early Tang Dynasty, when there were few people in the land, so there was no need to worry about the lack of land at all. Therefore, the standard of rent adjustment is based on the scale of 50 acres of land. But the problem is that by the time of the Middle and Tang Dynasty, the average average homesteaders did not even have ten acres of land, and the standard of rent payment was still the same as when the country was founded.

What the imperial court thought was an easy tax has become a mountain that homesteaders cannot afford. You don't have any land in your hands, but in the official books, you can have fifty acres, and you have to pay the taxes that match it!

At this time, the peasants had several choices: 1. Rebel 2. Give the land to the big families, let the big families collude with the local bureaucrats, cancel your account books, and then you will become a black household, out of the control of the government, and become a domestic slave and tenant of the family and the big family.

The risk of rebellion is too great, and it is more appropriate to have the warm embrace of a big family.

You see, there is no need for any natural disasters, just a tax policy can force homesteaders to delete their accounts on private servers.

Secondly, in the rent adjustment system, taxes are paid in "ding", so what if there is no "ding" at home? If you don't have Ding, you can pay less tax! How enchanting men and women are.

According to the Tang Dynasty account books and physical objects unearthed in Dunhuang, there have been several local villages where the proportion of women accounts for more than 90%.

In addition, the "household" of the rent adjustment does not stipulate the size of the household. There are also cases where 100 people are a household, and if the local clan cannot be exempted from the tax, then multiple households will be merged into one household to compress the taxes that need to be paid to the limit.

And all of the above are basic exercises, and there are many unknown operations. If it is true that land annexation was inevitable in the feudal era, then the long-term existence of the rent adjustment without abolishing it is the best proof that the ruling class is desperately defending its own interests and refusing to reform.

As I said in the previous book, Xie Daoyun of the Xie family of Chenjun is unparalleled, beautiful and talented, but the Xie family continues to eat people, and his appearance is also very unkind.

It was the era of cannibalism alone, and when I saw the ups and downs of the upper class, what kind of life the lower class lived, isn't it worth taking a look?

In the end, the rent adjustment system is based on a strict household registration book, but with the ancient mortality rate, I am afraid that it is too late to update the account book every year, not to mention the implementation efficiency of the government, which can be updated once every five years, is already very remarkable, where is there so much manpower to check every year?

Those who are out of the house, will they harvest the acres of land? Who will make up for the shortfall? Do local officials want political performance?

These problems were criticized by local bureaucrats and were often found in history books.

Third, the rent adjustment system requires the payment of goods, that is, grain and cloth. It's very coarse, and it's a rebirth.

Different places, if the grain produced is used for trading, the price is very different. Not to mention, a lot of cloth is a specialty, and the value of ordinary cloth is very different!

What kind of food do you have to pay?

What kind of cloth do you have to hand over for the cloth?

If the cloth of the homesteaders is not good, why let the smallholders produce their own crops instead of choosing better and faster production methods?

The shortcomings here are difficult to describe, and it is not accidental that the rent and Yong tune were eliminated after the Tang Dynasty. No one looks at it anymore, and it's no accident.

Fourth, even if the rent adjustment system does not have all the above problems, it still has a hidden and deeply buried drawback, which has a far-reaching impact on the times.

The system of rent adjustment directly divides people into two types: "landlords" and "tenants" (quasi-tenants), which stifles other possibilities.

In other words, if you are exempt from school, then as long as you live long enough and there are talents in your family, then you will be a landlord sooner or later. If you are not exempt from classes, then nine times out of ten, you will become a tenant, and you will not be able to avoid natural and man-made disasters every time.

Under the rent-adjustment system, the situation of yeoman farmers was unstable, and they would become tenants at the slightest hint of trouble.

If someone doesn't want to be a landlord or a tenant, then what way is there to go? I won't mention any upward channel, just say what road can be taken. Go to the temple, that's also a tenant! In the Tang Dynasty, not everyone could be a monk who did not do anything.

Yes, the lower ninth-rate profession is waiting for that person, once you get in, it will cause trouble to your children and grandchildren, and it will be difficult to turn over if there is no war.

If you have land, you must pay grain, you must weave, and you must serve in forced labor. This system locks people in the fields and restricts the way out of ordinary people to the local area.

The natural small-scale peasant economy naturally restricts consumption, naturally inhibits the development of industry and commerce, and naturally restricts the way out for ordinary people.

With this as a prison, each place went its own way, forming one block after another, lifeless.

Monetary taxation is a general trend in China and even in the world, and it has continued to this day, and I have not heard of any country that can go against the sky and collect taxes in kind instead of monetary taxes.

The abolition of rents is the general trend of history. Tang Ting had a chance to win against the Anshi rebels, but it couldn't win against this general trend, and there was no chance at all.

The abolition of the rent adjustment was not abolished, which led to the beginning of the Kaiyuan period, and the rent adjustment tax in the country began to deteriorate. Tang Ting used various methods to collect money, that is what will be said in the text, so I won't spoil it here. But since the end of the Kaiyuan Dynasty, the Tang court has been unable to make ends meet, and the state apparatus is on the verge of collapse.

If an An Lushan falls, thousands of An Lushan will stand up. If we don't even abolish the rent of the rebirth of ills, how can we sit firmly?

Ladies and gentlemen, do you think that the Anshi Rebellion is just the pot of An Lushan and Tang Xuanzong?