28 from Gothenburg to Denmark
Planck wondered why the Cavendish lab paper in the Bulletin of the Natural Sciences appeared right after Bohr's paper.
But he knew that he had not listened to Einstein's advice and invited Chen Muwu to study at Humboldt University in Berlin, and it was the most wrong thing he had done since this year to let go of this wonder boy from China, who published two papers a month and came from China.
Planck was also a patriot in science, and he once said, "Even if the enemy deprives our country of its national defense, even if a crisis is taking place before our eyes, and even if a more serious crisis is coming, there is one thing that neither the enemy at home nor abroad can take away from us, and that is the position of German science in the world." Our priority is to preserve this status and, if necessary, defend it at all costs."
So seeing Chen Muwu being preempted by Cambridge University, he felt a little unhappy in his heart.
This little unpleasantness is just a small episode in Planck's recent life.
He was facing an even greater problem, but after seeing Chen's name in the Bulletin of the Natural Science Society, Planck felt as if he had found a solution to the problem.
He thought about it, took the pen and wrote a short message to Chen Muwu, asking the secretary to put it in an envelope, affix a stamp, and send it to Cambridge University in the United Kingdom.
……
At the end of the spring semester and the arrival of summer, Rutherford also left the Cavendish Laboratory, where he had been in the laboratory for two months, and took his family to the seaside of the British resort of Cornwall to enjoy a leisurely summer vacation.
Bohr sent his paper on the BKS theory directly to the Proceedings of the Royal Society.
Probably because of his weak heart, he did not write a letter to tell his teacher Rutherford about the paper.
So when Rutherford, who was far away by the sea, received a journal forwarded from Cambridge University, he found that it contained this magnificent work by his most proud disciple.
He saw the paper even a few days later than Planck, who was far away in Germany.
Rutherford knew that several young people in Cavendis's lab had been doing their jobs for a while, but were tinkering with the use of cloud rooms to take pictures of recoil electrons.
Because this experiment was proposed by Chen Muwu, Rutherford also turned a blind eye to it.
After all, Chen Qianli came all the way to the UK from China, and he wanted to repeat the experiment he had designed, which was understandable.
But Rutherford never expected that Bohr hit Chen Muwu's muzzle this time, and he was also hit by the recoil electron ejected from the gun.
The palms and backs of his hands were full of meat, and Rutherford really couldn't say anything.
After thinking about it, he could only give Boercius a letter to comfort his beloved disciple who had lost face this time.
……
On the evening of July 11, Gothenburg, Sweden.
The celebration of the 300th anniversary of Gothenburg was being held in the Great Hall of the City Hall, and the celebration was so large that even King Gustav V of Sweden personally rushed from Stockholm to the meeting in Gothenburg.
But today's protagonist is not the citizens of Gothenburg, nor the king, the head of state, but Albert Einstein, who has just returned from a series of lecture visits in East Asia, Palestine and Spain, and has been invited to Gothenburg to attend the Nordic Congress of Naturalists.
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences did not dare to snub the world's most famous physicist.
They invited Albert Einstein to the town hall for the event, and decided to award him the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics again.
The King of Sweden arrived in Gothenburg today, in large part because he was going to attend the awards ceremony.
Perhaps because the result of the total solar eclipse observed by the American astronomer Campbell in Australia last year was much more accurate than that of Eddington in 1919, and his result irrefutably proved the correctness of the general theory of relativity predicting that gravity would cause light to be deflected.
So this time, the Nobel Prize jury finally nodded in agreement and let Einstein talk about the theory of relativity in his speech.
So in front of the audience and the King of Sweden, Einstein took to the stage of the town hall and gave a speech entitled "The Basic Ideas and Problems of the Theory of Relativity".
Regardless of whether the audience understood or not, they did not hesitate to applaud Einstein after the speech.
In the next few minutes of free questioning time, someone mentioned Chen Muwu again.
The time travel craze may have faded with the passage of time in the UK, but in Sweden, a remote part of Europe, it is in full swing.
The audience in the auditorium came from all walks of life, and their questions were far less professional than those of the reporters who had prepared the questions that Einstein faced in Spain.
As a result, he was able to cope with such questions with great ease, until a professor at the University of Gothenburg raised his hand to ask questions.
"Dr. Einstein, what do you think of the paper published by Professor Bohr of Copenhagen, Denmark, in the latest issue of the Bulletin of the Natural Sciences Society?"
No one knows if the professor's question is genuine, or if he just wants to arch the fire.
After all, at last year's Nobel Prize ceremony, Bohr fiercely criticized Einstein's quantum theory of light.
"I'm sorry, I haven't read this paper yet. Can you briefly explain the main idea of this paper? ”
Einstein, who had returned from the Far East, had recently traveled to various countries on the European continent, not to mention the latest physics journals, and even the copy of the paper that Bohr sent him after writing the BKS paper, Einstein had not yet received it.
In his paper, Professor Bohr said that he had found a new theory that could explain the scattering effect of gamma rays while denying the existence of photons.
"His new theory argues that the law of conservation of energy and the law of conservation of momentum do not apply at the atomic scale, and that these two conservation laws in classical physics are nothing more than the result of the statistical averaging of a large number of particles."
Absurd.
This was Einstein's first reaction after listening to the brief description of the people in the audience.
In order to maintain the orthodoxy of electrodynamics, he turned his head and abandoned the conservation of energy and momentum, and Einstein wondered if Bohr was smashing his brain when he was guarding the goal on the football field.
Or is it the nonsense that was recorded by his assistant when he drank too much Carlsberg beer and was not aware of his brain?
After gathering his thoughts, Einstein said, "Well, sir, I think Bohr's conclusion is quite arbitrary, and even disgusts me. If his theory proves to be true, I'd rather go back to my hometown and work as a cobbler or a casino employee than become a physicist! ”
"Doctor, I am very fortunate that there will not be a cobbler or a casino worker in the world, and there will be no one such a great figure in physics as you, because someone has proved the absurdity of Bohr's theory with irrefutable experimental phenomena."
At the end of the celebration, Einstein received his Nobel Prize.
This huge amount of money is more than 120,000 Swedish kronor, which is about 32,000 US dollars when converted into US dollars, which is basically enough to cover the ten-year salary of an ordinary university professor.
But the full Nobel prize money was only in his hands for one night, because the next morning, Einstein transferred the entire sum (some say only a part of the prize) to the account of his ex-wife Mileva in a Swiss bank.
Leaving Gothenburg, Einstein diverted to the sea, and after nearly a day's voyage, the ship arrived in the Danish port city of Helsingør in the afternoon.
Here Albert Einstein abandoned ship and landed at the train station.
After more than an hour of sitting on the railroad tracks, he finally arrived at his destination today, Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark.
Located between Gothenburg and Berlin, Copenhagen was Einstein's way home.
He came here not only to rest and stay, but also to visit an old friend who he had only met once, but who had been friends for a long time.
Bohr arrived outside the train station early, and when the crowd of people waiting to get off the train poured out of the station, he saw the tall Einstein with his somewhat fluffy and curly hair and his trademark beard in the crowd.
"Doctor, I'm here!" Bohr waved at Einstein.
Apparently Einstein had seen him too, and walked briskly towards Bohr with a smile on his face.
Throughout July, or rather from the receipt of the July issue of the Bulletin of Natural Philosophy, Bohr's life suddenly had many bumps in the road.
He didn't expect that he and the Cavendish laboratory, helmed by his teacher Rutherford, actually collided with the paper.
Moreover, the papers of these three juniors just hit the snake seven inches of his BKS theory.
As soon as I proposed in my paper that the conservation of momentum and energy are not applicable under microscopic conditions, the disciples found the decisive evidence that momentum and energy are equally conserved in the atomic range.
In this way, not only has his paper become a joke, but the particle nature of light, which he has always resisted, has become a sure fact!
Like a vanquished, Bohr bowed his usual haughty head.
He wrote to the Royal Society overnight, whimsically asking if he could retract the paper published in the July issue of the Bulletin of Natural Philosophy.
However, "the house leak happened to rain overnight", perhaps because of the blow, Bohr's assistant, the overstressed Kramers, suddenly suffered a depression and was once again admitted to the ward of the University of Copenhagen Hospital.
His wife resigned on her husband's behalf to Bohr, the director of the Institute of Theoretical Physics, and as soon as Kramers was discharged from the hospital, the family would leave Copenhagen and return to Leiden University in the Netherlands.
Although Bohr was reluctant on the surface, he inevitably had a stomach in his heart: the Dutchman's ability to resist pressure was really not good, and he now missed his former other assistant, Wolfgang Pauli.
The down-to-earth and hard-working Germans left a deep impression on Bohr, and now that the Deutsche Mark is depreciating wildly, can he go to Germany to find a few smart students, rely on his own reputation and wisdom, and fool them to Copenhagen?
As for Slater, another young man from Harvard in the United States, he has already been sent to the cold palace by Bohr.
Anyway, as soon as the year-long gilded trip to Europe was over, he would be able to return to the United States and get an associate professor position at a decent university.
Don't bother me, I won't bother him, everyone will not interfere with the river water, just keep it in this state until the end of time.
(End of chapter)