184 starts the motor and twists and turns
After receiving the superficial approval of Born and Jodang from the physics department, von Neumann returned to his residence in high spirits.
He couldn't wait to compile the ideas on the scratch paper into a paper and publish it in the Journal of Physics as soon as possible.
Although it was a topic given by his teacher, Alexander Hilbert in the field of mathematics, if this paper was published in some mathematical journal, the consequence would be that no one would care about it.
Mathematicians don't rarely read physics papers!
So von Neumann finally decided to follow Born's advice and submit his manuscript to a physics journal.
Jodang, or rather a newcomer critic named Ernst Dormeier, published a fiercely anti-Semitic review in the Göttingen Zeitung, much before von Neumann's paper.
Ernst was the first of Jodang's full names, Ernst Pascual Jodang, but no one could associate the new critic's pseudonym with the humble and courteous assistant of Borne at the University of Göttingen.
A few days later, von Neumann returned to Born's office with his finished paper.
Born and Johann read his paper with sincerity and sincerity, and both felt that there was no problem with the proof and logic in the content.
As agreed, Born wrote a letter of recommendation for the mathematical paper, which was full of physics and sent it together with the paper to Karl Schell, managing director and secretary of the German Physical Society in Berlin, who was also one of the editors-in-chief of the Journal of Physics.
In fact, Hans Geiger had a better relationship with the other editor-in-chief of the Journal of Physics, except that Geiger did not work in Berlin, where the magazine was published, but at the Kiel University in Kiel.
If it was to be sent to Geiger, he thought that it would be possible to publish it and then forward it to Berlin, it would take a lot of time to relay.
Moreover, Geiger himself was an experimental physicist who had come from the Cavendish laboratory and had conducted experiments with Rutherford, and he knew a fart theory, let alone a mathematical paper that even Born had a hard time reading.
If we compare academic results and fame, then the two editors-in-chief, Geiger and Scherga together, are not as good as Planck's hair.
However, unlike the "Annals of Physics" edited by Planck, the Journal of Physics has adopted a reviewer system since its inception, rather than relying on the personal likes and dislikes of a few editors in the editorial department, which can easily decide the life and death of a paper that does not know whether the content is right or wrong.
It may be that Planck thinks that he is a remnant of the old era and cannot read the papers of the new era, or it may be because the rigorous Germans prefer the review system of the Journal of Physics.
That's why German physicists are still more willing to contribute to this emerging journal.
Born himself is also one of the reviewers of the Journal of Physics, and he can recommend articles directly to the editorial office.
Moreover, von Neumann was a student of Hilbert, and the topic of this thesis was also studied on the latter's recommendation.
Born was confident that he would not refuse such a high-quality paper no matter what.
The Göttingen postman was still so diligent that he picked up a large number of letters in the mailbox, including Born's letter of recommendation and von Neumann's thesis, and sent the University of Göttingen the latest issue of the Bulletin of the Natural Sciences Society, which had traveled across the sea to the European continent.
Because in a previous issue, Dr. Chan of the University of Cambridge published a mathematical paper that turned the work of most mathematicians around the world on its head.
Therefore, most of the scientific practitioners at the University of Göttingen, regardless of their discipline, want to open this issue of the Royal Society's Bulletin to see if there is a follow-up to this matter, or if Dr. Chen continues to publish new papers in his field of expertise on a whim.
But most people were disappointed, and no one could find the four-letter Chinese surname on the table of contents page, and even the paper with the mailing address of Cambridge University was only one.
There were no papers by Chen Muwu, nor papers related to the subject or of their own interest, so these disappointed people basically closed the issue of the Bulletin of the Natural Science Society, or put it aside, or handed it to their students, and asked them to make an outline of each paper.
Only a handful of people, following the page number in the table of contents, opened the paper on physics from the University of Cambridge.
Jodang is one of them.
He remembered the name Dirac because of Dirac Chan statistics.
In the final analysis, it is because of Chen Muwu.
That person published a paper with Chen Muwu two years ago, and then disappeared as if it were a flash in the pan.
Dirac is also from Cambridge University, and he can publish papers with Chen Muwu, so the relationship between these two people will definitely not be bad.
After two years of hibernation, he made a comeback with a new paper, and looking at the title, the content of this paper is still related to quantum mechanics.
I wonder if he will get Chen Muwu's guidance behind this paper? Will it bring some surprises?
With this in mind, Jodang began to read Dirac's papers.
Although there was no DeepL and no Google Translate, it was difficult for Jodang, a native German speaker, to read an English paper.
But the more I looked down, the more delightful Yodang's face became.
Isn't the content of this paper exactly the same idea that von Neumann had in Born's office a few days ago?
That Jew was a few days ago, and thought he had written a great paper, but now?
This Englishman you have never met, you have done a good job!
Rather than friends, not at home, there is some morbid schadenfreude in the heart of the appointment.
As now, in the original course of history, Dirac did try to prove the equivalence of matrix mechanics and wave dynamics earlier than von Neumann.
is also an all-rounder in mathematics and physics, but the focus of the two people is still a little different.
Dirac was more physical, while von Neumann was more mathematical.
After reading "Principles of Quantum Mechanics", von Neumann pointed out that the unified mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics given by Dirac is quite correct, but it could be more correct.
Then he wrote an article "The Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics", which finally proved the equivalence of two mechanics mathematically and rigorously in Hilbert space.
This time and space is different, or because of Chen Muwu.
He had already proposed with Dirac and Fowler that his own previous proofs were sufficient for physicists, but not rigorous for mathematicians.
If you want to prove this strictly, the final decisive battlefield is in the Hilbert space.
Chen Muwu just mentioned it, and Dirac really listened to this content.
Therefore, his current paper, from the idea to the final proof process, is very similar to von Neumann's, and the latter can no longer be allowed to find any fault in it.
Jodang, who was already happy in his heart, forced a smile and shared the unfortunate result published in the "Bulletin of the Natural Science Society" with his teacher Born with a blank face.
"Professor Born, the paper that Dr. von Neumann has just sent has been published in this British journal.
"Judging from the time of receipt, there is no possibility of plagiarism in this paper, it should be that Mr. Dirac and von Neumann from England thought of going together and took the lead in solving this problem."
As he spoke, he placed the spread out journal on his desk and pushed it in front of Born.
After a short period of emotional adjustment, there was even a trace of regret on his face.
Unlike Yodang, Born's English is very good.
After graduating with his Ph.D., he went to Cambridge University for a brief exchange visit, and had academic exchanges with Lucas Professor of Mathematics Lamour, and the director of the Cavendish Laboratory at that time, Tomson Sr.
He was also invited by Michelson, chair of the physics department at the University of Chicago, to teach relativity in the United States for several years.
In contrast to Jodang, who could only guess the content of Dirac's paper on the basis of an English-German dictionary and physics formulas, Born was under no pressure to read the Bulletin of the Natural Sciences.
The content of the paper is almost identical to the one von Neumann has just sent to the Journal of Physics, except for the language used.
Because he has also participated in a certain amount of thesis work before and after, but now he has been taken first, Born's heart is filled with a faint sense of loss.
But he was not the author of the paper after all, and after thinking about it, Born decided that it would be better to invite von Neumann to his office again and announce this academic "bad news" to his face.
"Pascual, I'm sorry for you to come and bring Dr. von Neumann over, and we'll discuss how to deal with this matter."
Without hesitation, Jodang accepted Born's request, and even trotted out of the office.
After learning the news, von Neumann fell from heaven to hell in an instant.
He again accepted Born's suggestion not to retract the paper, but to write another letter to the editorial board of the Journal of Physics, stating that he had not seen the paper of the University of Cambridge Dirac at the time of writing, and had not taken any inspiration from it.
Born and Hilbert also endorsed this statement in the letter, proving that the two papers were completely academic coincidence.
But the second place is the second place, from Germany, to the University of Göttingen, to von Neumann, they all lost in this small academic competition.
The University of Cambridge should not be underestimated, in addition to the historic Cavendish Laboratory, in addition to the sudden emergence of Chen Muwu, even this little-known Dirac can bring a fatal blow to himself academically.
Von Neumann's desire to go to Cambridge University was even stronger when he met these talented peers, and he told his teacher Hilbert what was in his heart.
Hilbert was very supportive of this decision and asked him to communicate for a year and a half, and it was no problem at all.
He specially told his new assistant that when he arrived in the UK, he would communicate more with the people there, especially Dr. Chen.
If you have the chance, you should definitely invite him to the University of Göttingen.
Although the Hilberts are old, their ambitions are not old.
If Chen Muwu really comes to his side, he will definitely be able to make his research more powerful.
With this right-hand man, when the time comes, they can rebuild the edifice of mathematics, and when they retreat, they can kill all sides in physics.
That little Albert in Berlin is not to be afraid to see if he dares to baash himself in the newspapers?
Hilbert valued the trip to Cambridge and wrote a letter to his colleague Fowler, asking him to take care of von Neumann, who was not familiar with him, at Cambridge University.
On Göttingen's side, von Neumann bought tickets, packed his luggage, and asked people about the precautions of Britain.
At the destination of his trip, Cambridge University, Chen Muwu's path integration paper was almost finished.
On the side of the particle accelerator, which has been stalled for a long time, there is also good news.
Cockcroft said that he had received a telegram from the manufacturer, and that the spherical electrodes and insulated glass brackets had been made and would be transported to Cambridge Railway Station by rail freight in the near future, and that he would be able to pick up the goods at the station when the time came.
The inconvenience caused by the mistake of choosing the location of Cambridge railway station is once again reflected.
Walking a few miles, and taking the train outside of Cambridgeshire is more than tolerable.
However, it is still quite troublesome to transport these precious accelerator parts from the suburbs to the city.
Because of this incident, Chen Muwu had to find the chief manager Chadwick and ask him to help contact a freight truck, and wait until the appointed time to go to the train station to pull the goods to the house where the particle accelerator was pulled.
Until now, Chen Muwu still thought that Cockcroft had said that the problem with the accelerator parts was one of the electrodes and the insulating pillars, but he still didn't think about the silk that transports the charge.
Now with these two most expensive and important parts, it seems that the process of making particle accelerators can finally be accelerated.
Chadwick found a truck to deliver the goods at the appointed time.
Chen Muwu and Cockcroft also escorted the car out of Cambridgeshire early in the morning to the train station outside the city.
They asked the staff whether the freight train that the manufacturer had telegraphed had arrived in Cambridgeshire on time and whether the goods had been unloaded safely.
However, new problems have emerged.
There was a general strike across the UK in solidarity with coal miners, and the rail system was no exception.
The goods were not delivered.
(End of chapter)