"The Collection of Grievances is the first forensic science monograph in China and the first systematic judicial examination book in the world. As soon as it came out, it was greatly valued by the imperial court, and ordered it to be promulgated throughout the country, becoming a must-have book for forensic officials. ”

"As early as the early years of the Ming Dynasty, it was first transmitted to North Korea, and for more than 300 years, it has been the standard work in the field of forensic examination in North Korea."

"In the 33rd year of the Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty, the National Law and Regulations Museum organized manpower to revise the "Collection of Grievances", and dozens of ancient books were verified, and the final version was "The Records of the Correction of Grievances by the Law Library", which was promulgated throughout the country."

[After the Opium War, it was translated and introduced to the Netherlands, Germany, France, Britain and other countries by Western scholars.] In the 50s of the 20th century, the book "History of Forensic Science and Forensic Examination" written by Professor Chelifarkov of the Soviet Union engraved the portrait of Song Ci on the frontispiece, and he was respected as the "founder of forensic science". (This paragraph is not included in this article, for the reader.) ）

Zhu Yuanzhang: I read this book as a script, and it is really well written. It also reflects the number of corrupt officials and unjust cases in the Southern Song Dynasty at that time.

Zhu Di: What is written in this book is what happened in the Southern Song Dynasty, it is simply miserable, I don't know history, who can know that what is written in such a terrifying and cruel book is what happened in real times.

Cheng Yanjin: I want to see everything I said.

"The content of the "Collection of Grievances" includes the importance of forensic examination and its specific steps, the identification of difficult casualties, and the analysis of true and false wounds."

"This "Collection of Grievances" involves forensic science knowledge such as corpse identification, corpse transformation at four times, as well as homicide, self-killing, burning, drowning, poisoning, rope hanging, cane death, falling to death, cattle and horses trampling to death, four turns to death, death from alcohol and food, and death from internal injuries in the building, as well as other medical knowledge such as pathology, pharmacology, anatomy, first aid, gynecology, pediatrics, etc."

He also made many contributions to toxicology, and the book recorded the symptoms of poisoning with various poisons, pointing out that the person who took the poison "must vomit out evil substances, or pour out black blood, swelling in the valley tract, or puncture the large intestine before death", and after death, "the mouth and eyes are open, the face is purple or blue, the lips are purple and black, the hands and feet and nails are blue, and there is blood between the mouth, eyes, ears and nose." "There are many practical antidotes and first aid methods in the book."

Guantao: I can't eat this meal, it's too cruel.

Shangguan Wan'er: These understandings have all happened in cases that have been encountered and accepted, and this Da Song Dynasty is really indescribable.

A book that speaks with facts, how detailed it is, also represents how chaotic the Great Song Dynasty was at that time.

"In the "Collection of Grievances", I have to admit that although some testing methods belong to the category of experience, they are consistent with the science of later generations, which is amazing."

"For example, use an oil umbrella to examine the bones and wounds of corpses, this is a column."

"If there is a beaten place on the bone, that is, there is a red road, a slight shade, and a broken bone, and there is a blood halo at each end of the stretch, and then the scarred bone is seen by the day, and the red life is clearly marked before death. If there is no blood on the bones, even if they are broken, they are the marks of death. "This examination of bone damage is the same as the modern use of ultraviolet radiation, using optical principles"

It's just that Song Ci was limited to the level of science and technology at that time, and was in a state of unconsciousness, knowing it but not knowing why. Bones are opaque objects that selectively reflect sunlight. When the light passes through the open oil umbrella or the new oil silk umbrella, the part of the light that affects the observation is absorbed, so it is easy to see the scars. ”

"And this is just a column, there are many similar methods now, it can be seen that Song Ci's understanding of forensic cases, and investigation is really broad and wide, and people in later generations admire it."

After the words fell, Zhang Yanxi did not give out the reward, but showed everyone a video.

While Song Ci was flipping through the scrolls, one day, he saw a suicide case in a closed case, and the deceased was a farmer. ”

"Song Ci felt that there were very few cases of suicide by crop farmers, and there must be a last resort, and there must be a death before he would go to a dead end, and there was no detailed reason for suicide in the case file, so he decided to retry it while the case occurred soon."

"In the video, I saw that Song Ci called the people from the Yamen to go to the village of the farmer, asked about some things, and discussed with the family members to prepare for the opening of the coffin for an autopsy."

"When the coffin was opened to examine the body, he found that the wound on the deceased's abdomen was light in and heavy in the knife, and he asked about the work at the time, after the incident, the knife was in the deceased's hand, but it was not tightly held, he felt more suspicious, and there must be twists and turns."

Therefore, he visited the neighbors, relatives and friends of the deceased, and several of them could not withstand the pressure, or were too afraid of the officials, and spoke inappropriately, Song Ci felt that there was a problem, and finally found out the grievances under the investigation of the majestic government personnel, and exposed the truth of a murder case of forcibly robbing women and killing innocents.

It turned out that there was an official eunuch named Wu Liang in the local area, who was bullying people, fox and tiger might, and had been protected by his father, who had been a secretary of the household department, greedy for wine and lust, and misbehaving, and it happened that the county governor was his father's protégé, and he was not an official properly, and often made the traitors get away with it, and the people had already complained.

One day, Wu Liang saw a young woman with outstanding appearance, intending to get involved, and found out that she was the new wife of the farmer, and the housekeeper who helped the abusive man offered a plan to quietly kill the farmer, and took the bride away as a suicide.

also took out a sum of silver and made a large joint up and down the yamen, so a murder case was hastily concluded.

Wu Liang not only got away with it, but also enjoyed all the blessings. However, Song Ci reorganized the case, arrested Wu Liang and the housekeeper to punish the crime, and the grievances of the croppers were finally rehabilitated, winning the praise of the local people and causing a sensation.

After watching this video, everyone said yes.

A certain people: Okay! This is the kind of official we want, who can be the master of the people.

The people of the Sui Dynasty: I want to report, ** county order, shelter his son from misconduct, the people need to pay a lot of copper money to enter the city, and all the sellers, including the people who open the shop, have to pay a money to the county order young master every day, his name is "protection fee", my family all rely on a grocery store to earn some food money, and now the money earned every day by opening a shop goes into the hands of the eldest young master, and the food is not enough.

The people of the Sui Dynasty: I know this, a few days ago, he also robbed the people's daughter, ordinary people originally lived with their grandchildren, so they went to the street to sell a wild vegetable, the granddaughter was robbed, and the old man was also beaten to death.

The people of the Eastern Han Dynasty: Help, adults! Save our people, the magistrate treats us as inappropriate people, and adds 30% of our taxes, we want to live in other places, and don't give us a guide, this is to force us to death!