"But everything has a double purpose."

"Wealth is a good thing, and it is also necessary to accumulate wealth, but if we forget that wealth is taken from the people and used for the people, and blindly accumulate wealth for ourselves, it will surely prompt the people of the world to rise up and take it for themselves, and become the target of the public."

"And the descendants of the descendants according to the wealth, extravagance, is the cause of defeat, although they are thrifty, but because of this, the people of the world are stingy, and finally opened the disaster of the country, can not help but sigh!"

"Emperor Wen of Sui's frugality is a virtue, but if governing the world is only based on this, and the choice of successor is based on it alone, it will be far from enough."

"As a personal character, Emperor Wen of Sui has many things to praise, but as a king, what is more important is the way to govern the world that his children and grandchildren can follow, and the tragedy of Emperor Wen of Sui lies precisely in this."

"Because Emperor Wen of Sui is not good at poetry and books, he does not pay attention to education, and focuses on the ideas of Shen Han Legalism, he implements benevolent government in the early days, and in his later years, he becomes more and more violent, killing and punishing him out of proportion, and he is indisputable in the middle, and his six relatives do not recognize it."

"There is no inheritance and promotion of the policy of reviving Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Emperor Yuwen of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, and Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty to respect Confucianism, and the dominance of Confucianism has not been established, and a complete benevolent government has not been established, and a large number of Confucian scholars have filled the ruling group, and the guiding role of Confucianism has not been brought into play."

"The lack of strategic deployment and long-term achievements, no matter how big or small, led to political short-sightedness and mediocrity, in the handling of the relationship with the empress, there were problems in the education and selection of the crown prince, and there was no good succession established, which ruined the great rivers and mountains of the Sui Dynasty."

"Emperor Wen of Sui attaches too much importance to some small sections, but ignores the major events of the foundation of the thousand years."

"The biggest mistake in Emperor Wen of Sui's life was the move to change the heir."

"Emperor Wen of Sui initially took his eldest son Yang Yong as the crown prince, Yang Yong was generous and honest, and his behavior was unpretentious."

"Although there is a suspicion of luxury in personal life, it is just a common disease of the children and grandchildren of ordinary emperors.

"Moreover, under the feudal system, the emperor and nobles were allowed to fully satisfy their personal desires, and ordinary officials still had three wives and four concubines, not to mention the prince of the East Palace? The abolition of the heir to the rule of the state simply because of some problems in his personal life is enough to prove that Emperor Wen of Sui was "not up to the general level". ”

"Abolishing Yang Yong and establishing Yang Guang, it can also be seen that Emperor Wen of Sui has no wisdom to know people."

Yang Jian's second son, Yang Guang, was originally a careerist who was very good at disguise, and when he saw Yang Yong fall out of favor, he voted for his parents' favor, "practicing frugality, respecting courtiers, and being extremely humble", plus he had a great contribution to pacifying the Chen State, so he won the trust of Emperor Wen of Sui. ”

"When Yang Guang is full of wings, Emperor Wen of Sui finds out that he has bad intentions, and it is too late to recall Yang Yong to entrust him with big things."

"Emperor Wen of Sui was seriously ill, Yang Guang entered the palace to serve the sick, sent his henchmen to stab him on the sickbed, killed his father and stood up, and became an unfilial tyrant who was scolded through the ages.

"There are often extremely interesting coincidences in history, Emperor Wen of Sui was frugal all his life, hated luxury and prostitution the most, accumulated treasures, and spared money."

"Because of the sin of extravagance, he deposed the prince and chose his son Yang Guang as his heir."

"But Yang Guang is arrogant and lascivious, I am afraid that not only more than his brothers, but also far above the tyrants of the past and present, the wealth accumulated by Emperor Wen of Sui is not only for Yang Guang to squander, but also became the material basis for the rebels in various places at the end of the Sui Dynasty."

"The Sui Dynasty prospered in Emperor Wen of Sui, but it did not die in Emperor Wen of Sui, and the tyranny of Emperor Yang of Sui had nothing to do with Emperor Wen of Sui."

Li Shimin: Ridiculous! How ironic! You have to be thrifty, and you are not allowed to be extravagant and wasteful by your relatives, and because of this, the prince is abolished, but what about your own old age? What's your new crown prince?

Queen Ma: I really want to mention Queen Dugu, Emperor Wen of Sui can really do this without your queen, your suspicious character is destined to make you not go far!

Zhu Yuanzhang: The queen is right! Character determines fate, Emperor Wen of Sui really slapped himself in the face in his later years!

"It's true to the sentence "character determines fate"! ”

"Emperor Wen of Sui was deeply suspicious by nature, the political situation was changing, and the waves were treacherous, in order to survive his life in this special environment, and in order to succeed in ascending to the throne, he had to be far-sighted and perceptive to everything, which enabled him to successfully survive the catastrophe again and again, and finally became the Ninth Five-Year Emperor and established the Great Sui."

"However, after the change of dynasty, because he took the throne from among orphans and widows, the legitimacy of the dynasty was insufficient, so he was suspicious."

"This suspicious character determines that he can only share hardships with the veteran heroes who follow him, but not with wealth and prosperity, and he has repeatedly set up large prisons and killed the heroes who helped him seize power."

"And in his later years, his suspicion was even heavier, because of suspicion, he killed the same name as himself, Yu Qingze, deposed Gao Xi, who could be entrusted to Sheji, abolished the crown prince Yang Yong, abolished the talented King of Shu, and set aside Yang Xiong, who was too popular, so he was hollowed out, and deposed Su Wei, who was suspected of being a friend of the party......"

"And the most ironic thing is that Emperor Wen of Sui was thrifty and loved the people."

"Although the spread of frugality led to a sharp increase in social wealth, frugality was also a reason for the fall of the Sui dynasty." ”

"Yang Jian grew up in a temple when he was a child, and lived a frugal life, which made him develop a character of advocating frugality."

"Although he is the Son of Heaven, but he does not eat heavy meat, does not use gold and jade ornaments, and the concubines in the palace do not make beautiful ornaments, he is the most thrifty emperor in history, he knows the importance of thrift, and educates the prince to be thrifty, saying that the country has no long-term peace and stability because of luxury and corruption."

"Because of frugality and less exploitation, the people were able to live and work in peace and contentment, and the number of household registrations and property increased dramatically, coupled with some other measures to promote production, in a very short period of time, all industries flourished and the economy prospered."

"Accustomed to hard days, the treasury of grain, property piled up, even piled up in the corridor, the thrifty Emperor Wen of Sui began to indulge in enjoyment in his later years, spending money and greedy for enjoyment."

"Isn't it ironic that Emperor Wen of Sui in his later years also began to be extravagant and wasteful, greedy for enjoyment."

"And because of the suspicion of Emperor Wen of Sui, and because of the framing of Yang Guang and others, Yang Xiu, the king of Shu, was also deposed."

"He treats his sons very harshly, not to mention others, he often reprimands his dissatisfied ministers, kills and deposes meritorious heroes, and very few meritorious heroes can die well."

"He has a strict personality and strict usage, he believes in the use of heavy rules in troubled times, stealing a penny is punishable by death, and more extreme is the execution of three young men who steal melons because they are thirsty."

(End of chapter)