"Speaking of this, I don't want to say it anymore, this is the heart of all your emperors, now talking about Qin Shi Huang, this is his fault, and others are no exception, just like a kind of inheritance."

"There are few countries in front of Daqin, and everyone knows about it in the later period, so let's briefly introduce two people, Shang Ying and Ba Qing, two important people."

Who is Shang Ying, everyone knows, no one knows, look at the four words "Shang Yang Change", who can not understand? ”

"Shang Ying's death is a tragedy of his personal fate and a tragedy of the Great Qin era."

"Although his reforms played a key role in the unification of the Qin state, he also paid with his life."

"At that time, Qin Xiaogong had just ascended the throne, and in order to completely realize the strength of the Qin State, he took the initiative to issue a merit-seeking order, hoping that talented people from all countries could come to serve in the Qin State."

"Shang Ying was in Wei at the time, but because he couldn't get the attention of the King of Wei, he took the initiative to come to Qin."

"Through the introduction of a favorite minister around him, Shang Ying had the opportunity to meet with Qin Xiaogong, but the meeting between Shang Ying and Qin Xiaogong was not smooth."

"The first time we met, Shang Ying used some imperial statecraft to persuade Qin Xiaogong, which made Qin Xiaogong drowsy."

"The second time, Shang Ying said a lot of royal ways of benevolence, righteousness and morality, and the result did not interest Qin Xiaogong."

"It wasn't until the third time that Shang Ying began to talk about Legalist thought and discuss how to enrich the country and strengthen the army."

"At this time, Qin Xiaogong really looked at Shang Ying with admiration and decided that Shang Ying was the person he needed."

"Maybe you have questions, since Shang Ying came to the Qin State to respond to the call of Qin Xiaogong, then why did he not directly say the idea of the Legalist family to enrich the country and strengthen the army at the first meeting, but what did he talk about the royal road and the imperial road?"

"This just reflects the wisdom of Shang Ying."

"Under the circumstances at that time, Shang Ying was just a foreign scholar, and he came from the hostile country of Wei."

"If you directly talk about Legalist thought from the beginning, it is easy for Qin Xiaogong to mistake him for a spy of the Wei State, and then distrust him."

"Therefore, Shang Ying adopted a gradual negotiation strategy, first arousing Qin Xiaogong's interest, and then gradually in-depth discussion."

"Shang Ying actually doesn't care about Qin Xiaogong's first impression, but hopes to be trusted and reused by Qin Xiaogong."

"However, Shang Ying's character and Legalist thinking are also destined for him to be a little unscrupulous."

"The change is appropriate, and later generations will praise it, but Shang Ying is indeed not a good person, he should be the kind who is ambitious, the kind who can do anything for the sake of power."

"When Shang Yang was reused, this reform had already begun."

"The Shang Dynasty reform law first started with the implementation of the "Grass Reclamation Order".

"The main purpose of the Reclamation Order is to stimulate farming, curb commerce, improve the social awareness of agriculture, and implement a unified tax and rent system."

"Two years after the implementation of the Grass Reclamation Order, the effect is obvious."

"So, in 356 BC, Qin Xiaogong appointed Shang Ying as the head of Zuo Shu and implemented the reform of the law throughout the country."

"Shang Ying's innovation and reform have absorbed the experience of Wu Qi, Li Kui, Qin Xiangong and others, and have innovated in many aspects according to the needs of the times."

"You must know that the change was not done all at once, but many times in succession."

"The Shang Martingale Transformation Method is all-encompassing and involves many fields."

"In terms of system, the main thing is to abolish the slave land state ownership system, implement private ownership of land, and promote the transformation of slave society into a feudal society."

"This is a fundamental reform measure involving production relations, which has injected a strong impetus into the development of Qin, and is also the most fundamental reason for Qin's strength."

"In terms of economy, the main thing is to emphasize agriculture and suppress business, and reward farming and weaving."

"Those who produce a lot of grain and cloth can be exempted from labor and taxes, which greatly mobilizes the people's enthusiasm for production and promotes the rapid economic development of Qin."

"In terms of politics, the main thing is to abolish the old Shiqing Shilu system, abandon the old blood patriarchal system, and start to create centralized power."

"This is also a fundamental reform measure, which gradually improved the feudal state mechanism and made a useful exploration for Qin Shi Huang to establish a centralized state."

"In terms of the administrative system, the main thing is to implement the county system."

"The whole country was divided into 41 counties, and each county set up county orders and county officials, which laid the foundation for Qin Shi Huang to implement the county system."

In the social aspect, the main thing is to implement the "Wushi system" and the "joint sitting system". ”

"Five families are together, ten families are together, mutual monitoring and reporting, one family violates the law, and ten families are jointly punished."

"In the military aspect, the main thing is to reward military merits."

The twentieth rank system was formulated, and the titles were rewarded according to the number of heads killed, and the Qin army was built into a "tiger and wolf army". ”

"In terms of law, the main thing is to impose severe penalties and heavy penalties for minor crimes."

"A series of draconian laws have been enacted, and everything is in accordance with the law to restrain people's words and deeds."

"In addition, Shang Ying also took some major measures such as changing the customs of Rongdi, unifying weights and measures, burning Confucian classics, banning the nomadic people, and moving the capital to Xianyang."

"The Shang Dynasty Reform is the first feudal reform movement in China's history, which conforms to the trend of the times and promotes historical development and social progress. The Shang Dynasty was a great success, and in just ten years, the Qin state quickly became powerful. ”

"The treasury is sufficient, the people are rich, the society is stable, everyone has the courage to fight for the country, and they dare not fight for their own interests, and the Qin army swept the world and was invincible."

"Shang Ying's reform of the law has achieved the goal of enriching the country and strengthening the army, and has created a powerful state machine, which is suitable for war and hegemony."

"Relying on this powerful state apparatus, the Qin State achieved the grand cause of annexing the Six Kingdoms and unifying the world."

"Although the Shang Dynasty reform method was successful, it left a big sequelae."

"This is to blindly rely on coercive means in the process of national governance, not to pay attention to solving ideological problems, not to pay attention to educating the people, not to carry out moral education, but to implement harsh laws and severe punishments for a long time."

"And this can easily lead to people's violent character, so that the rulers of the Qin State advocate violence, do not pay attention to benevolence, lack morality, and even commit an atrocity of killing 400,000 soldiers of the Zhao State at one time."

After the Qin State became strong, it was considered the country of tigers and wolves, and was called the "Violent Qin". ”

"After Qin unified the world, he continued to implement such a policy, only establishing authority, not morality, which was an important reason for the rapid demise of the Qin Dynasty."

"Therefore, if we want to achieve national peace and security in the long run, we must combine the rule of law with the rule of ethics."

"Due to the excessive use of harsh punishments, Shang Ying himself is also in great danger."