The Ministry of Rites, Hongroji Temple, and the Siyi Pavilion discussed the Tsukushi Metropolitan Division of Tsukushi Island.

"Kyushu Island was originally Zhuzi Island, in the former Wei Dynasty, the two major forces on this island, the Dog Slave State and the Yamatai Kingdom confronted each other for a long time, and the king of the Yamatai Kingdom also asked the Cao Wei Dynasty for support."

Temporary meeting space was provided from the headquarters building of the Food Stamp Bank.

The Ming Dynasty upheld the tradition, the take-off of the civil building, only the place of the yamen did not have too much repair, and the original appearance was maintained on the whole, in the face of the needs of various large-scale conferences, the venue of the traditional yamen could not be satisfied, and could only be borrowed from the outside.

Such a request is also very supportive of the ministries of the Ming Industry Bureau, so the official meetings led by the six ministries are often arranged in the venues organized by the major Ming Industry Bureaus.

The officials of the Siyi Pavilion, about 50 years old, not only can speak the Japanese language, but also the Korean dialect, and even master several languages of the Nanyangs.

Economic development and convenient transportation have also brought about the effect of political integrity, and people can do their jobs well in their own posts, which is already a very good situation.

Liu Yiru was a traditional scholar, who studied in the Guozijian before the reform, and later worked in the Ministry of Rites, and over the years he also became a scholar, and he had a lot of knowledge about foreign affairs, especially the Wa Kingdom and Goryeo.

Hearing Liu Yiru's introduction, many people sighed that the Japanese state was so deeply involved with China.

"And then?"

Jing Cheng asked curiously.

The Ming Dynasty has several overseas enclaves, including the former Japanese island of Kyushu, over the years, because of lack of energy, the Ming Dynasty's governance in Kyushu Island is relatively slow, and more businessmen are involved.

With the complete pacification of the seven western provinces and the end of the second western expedition, the Ming Dynasty had spare strength, and the start of major railway construction projects was also for this reason, otherwise it would be impossible for the Ming Dynasty to do a lot of things at once.

Especially in the chaos of the first two years of the Ryukyu Kingdom, the imperial court almost lost control of the local area, and finally Yang Wen Zhishi, Wu Gao returned to the country for another use, and transferred a group of civil and military personnel, which can be regarded as stabilizing the local area.

Therefore, the imperial court is very careful about the governance of overseas enclaves.

Liu Yiru knew that Jing Cheng was about to take up the post of Governor of Zhuzi Capital.

The Ouchi clan ceded Kyushu Island to the Ming Dynasty, and took on a lot of pressure, and there was a lot of internal opposition, and the shogunate received the support of more forces in the Wa Kingdom because of this incident.

In order to avoid the defeat of the Ouchi clan, it was also one of the reasons why the Ming Dynasty did not make a big move on Kyushu Island.

Today is not what it used to be, the Ming Dynasty can now use troops on a large scale overseas, so the solution to the matter of Kyushu Island is on the agenda, according to the planning of the imperial court, Kyushu Island will be restored to its original name Tsukushi, and become the capital of the Ming Dynasty.

The participation of various departments and invited scholars in this conference is to make a summary of the communication and understanding during this time, and then present it to the emperor to make a final decision.

Liu Yiru shook his head and sighed: "At that time, the emperor of Cao Wei was Cao Fang, and the actual person in power was Cao Shuang. ”

Liu Yiru has been to the Wa Kingdom several times, not only came into contact with the local literati and monks, but also collected a lot of historical materials, and said in an orderly manner: "The king of the dog slave country, although he received Cao Wei's edict, did not reply, it may be that he did not take it seriously, and it is more likely that he did not understand what the situation was. ”

"Cao Shuang's side, and then Sima Yi got rid of it, so this edict will be invalid in the end."

"But in the end, the Dog Slave Kingdom still couldn't get rid of the Yamatai Kingdom, and I heard from the scholars of the Wa Kingdom that the scholars of the Wa Kingdom believed that the losers of the Dog Slave Kingdom left Kyushu Island and migrated to Honshu Island, and gradually developed into the later Yamato royal power."

Someone laughed: "In this way, it is also a cycle of cause and effect, the dog slave country failed and left Kyushu Island, but it is flowing to the Japanese country, and they turned around and reconquered Kyushu Island." ”

Everyone talked and laughed, and had a general understanding of the situation in the Wa Kingdom.

"Then it should be called the Dog Slave Country, why did the Tang Dynasty give them the name Wa Kingdom."

Hearing the question, Liu Yiru explained: "The first kingdom that arose on Kyushu Island was the Japanese slave country, and the Japanese slave country and the Yamato country were actually two countries with completely different cultures and geography. ”

"The Japanese slave kingdom once accepted the seal of the Eastern Han court, and also offered the slaves on the island to the Eastern Han Dynasty as tribute, a total of one hundred and sixty."

"The Book of Han" says that there are dwarves in the sea of Lelang, divided into more than 100 countries, and they are offered when they are young. The so-called Japanese slave country is probably one of them. From then on, the people of Dongying in the impression of the Central Plains were the image of Japanese slaves, so by the time of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Yamato Kingdom, which had unified Japan, came into contact with the Central Plains, and the Central Plains Dynasty called them the Japanese Kingdom. ”

Everyone suddenly realized.

"At that time, it was more powerful than the Japanese slave country, and it can be regarded as the first overlord of Kyushu Island, which is located in the northeast region of Kyushu Island, and in its heyday, it had more than 30 small countries, including the Japanese slave country above."

"Later, because there were nine kingdoms on Tsukushi Island, it was called Kyushu Province by the locals, and it has been passed down to this day."

"The Wa Kingdom has experienced the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and the invasion of the Ouchi clan, as well as the civil war between the Ouchi clan and the shogunate, and now it is forced by the situation to give us the island of Kyushu to the Ming Dynasty, and the situation on the island has completely changed."

"There are not only the defeated forces of the Southern Dynasty, but also the remnants of the Ouchi clan, the remnants of the shogunate, and the original daimyos, and the resistance forces in the local remote areas, such as Falato."

Liu Yiru introduced: "The Hayabusa is another nation, and the Wa State has experienced several defeats, in the Tang Dynasty, most of the forces have been defeated, a small part of the Wa State has been absorbed, there is no resistance force, and the number is estimated to be less than 20,000 people, but also scattered to the barren mountainous areas, not only cultural decay, but also no own writing. ”

"This is an opportunity for us to help Hayato." Jing Cheng came up with an idea.

Governing razor with razor is no stranger to the officials of the Ming Dynasty.

When the national strength was strong, there were great feats like Ban Chao, and when the national strength was declining, there were civil officials who wanted to stir up the failure jokes of Lin Dan Khan and Houjin Fengyun with one mouth.

If the national strength of the Ming Dynasty was strong at that time, then the civil officials succeeded, and what they got was a huge merit, and the heroes in the eyes of later generations were heroes, but he failed, and it was not just the tradition of the Ming Dynasty to ridicule the losers.

Mandarin Palace.

Although Zhu Gaochi returned to the imperial court, he did not participate in political affairs, and Zhu Di also sent someone to ask, and Zhu Gaochi recuperated on the grounds of exhaustion.

This is his tacit understanding with Zhu Di.

Although he did not govern state affairs with his own hands, Zhu Gaochi did not completely let go, and after inspecting the country, he not only solved a lot of local affairs, but also promoted the development of all walks of life in the Ming Dynasty, and distributed social resources.

"In view of the stability of the Ryukyu Northern, Central, and Southern Prefectures, the Imperial Court decided to separate half of the military forces, plus the troops from Liangguang, a total of 30,000 soldiers, and garrison the Chikushi Division."

Yang Rong, the right attendant of the military department, came to the Wenhua Hall and told Zhu Gaochi the results of the discussion between the emperor and the imperial court.

The military strength of the Ming Dynasty, of which the size of the army reached 600,000, the size of the navy reached 150,000, because of the rise of the railway, the number of garrisons in various places decreased, the perennial strength of more than 400,000, of which the Beijing camp was as high as 150,000.

There were 80,000 soldiers in the seven western provinces, 3,000 soldiers in Goryeo, 30,000 soldiers in Saibei and Senan, 40,000 soldiers in Zhancheng, and 10,000 soldiers in Laos

The number of troops has long been insufficient.

But Daming has been invincible for so many years, so that no one around dares to resist, no one is a fool, you can see the strength of Daming, no one will not open their eyes, and it has been maintained on the whole.

This is very dangerous, because of the lack of troops, plus Zhu Di's several expeditions, so Zhu Gaochi is very cautious in the rest of the directions, in order to maintain a stable and pioneering situation.

"My father planned to expand the army by 1.5 million, and the military department agreed?"

Zhu Gaochi asked with concern.

"Back to His Royal Highness the Prince, the Ministry of War, the Governor's Mansion of the Five Armies, and other yamen discussed and thought that the Ming Dynasty really needed so many troops, so they supported the emperor." Yang Rong replied respectfully.

Zhu Gaochi nodded, without too many opinions.

For an army of 1.5 million yuan, the military expenditure of soldiers alone will cost 45 million yuan a year, and the total amount of military expenditure for various armaments will be more than 200 million yuan.

Although armaments, unlike salaries, are not fixed annual expenditures, they are still very expensive.

At the beginning of the 20th century, France had more than 500,000 troops and military expenditures of more than 679 million francs, or about 169 million taels of silver at that time.

In 1890, the German government allocated $121,000,000 to the Army, or about 150,000,000 taels of silver.

The indemnity of a war in the Qing Dynasty was as high as 450 million taels of silver, and in the same period, another war in the world, the Boer War, this war, Britain won a crushing victory, and the military expenditure was 200 million pounds, which directly led to the transposition of the world hegemon, and the sun never set on the empire, which is equivalent to the direct expenditure of Britain in the Boer War exceeded 2.6 billion taels of silver.

Of course, these 2.6 billion taels of silver are not equal to peacetime military spending and armament expenditures, but a large-scale and high-intensity war expenditure compared with the same period.

In peacetime, according to the size of 1.5 million troops, the annual military expenditure is about close to 100 million, and if there is a war, there will be different increases according to the scale of the war.

This is the reason why Zhu Gaochi is unwilling to fight easily.

The colonial history of the West, from the competition between Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, Britain, Britain, France, and Germany, has long ceased to be a single mode of plundering in the early days, but has added a pluralistic model of the development of productive forces.

If we look at the initial model of Western colonial history from an immutable perspective, we will not be able to perceive things correctly.

With the size of the Ming Dynasty, it is impossible to learn the roads of Portugal and Spain, because the surrounding areas of the Ming Dynasty can not meet the interests of the Ming Dynasty to open industrialization, and can only be regarded as the icing on the cake.

On the contrary, in the middle and late stages of Britain, the development of production in the colonies was part of the path that the Ming could learn from.

The cities built by the British in the colonies supported Britain as the pillars of the empire on which the sun never set, allowing them to carry out racial changes on the American continent.

Cities represent civilization and productivity.

The essence of industrialization is to concentrate the population other than agriculture in the cities, so the non-agricultural population index released by the United States every week has attracted the attention of the world, including later generations have also announced the increase in the proportion of urban population as good news.

The Goryeo model is that the merchants developed through Goryeo, although the dividends of this development did not fall on the Goryeo people, but were exploited to the extreme, but the economy of the Goryeo land did join the economic system of the Ming Dynasty, forming a complementary virtuous circle, on the basis of food security, like a snowball growing bigger and bigger.

Now the economic volume of the Ming Dynasty, the excess wealth in the entire Japanese agricultural society, looted and looted, how much benefit can it bring to the Ming Dynasty, and the expenses to be maintained.

Zhu Gaochi couldn't help but sigh, it had to be Zhu Di.

Over the years, Zhu Gaochi has been reluctant to let go of the restrictions of the army, but he is worried too much, Zhu Di does not have so many scruples, he feels the need, and directly asks for it.

Because Zhu Di thinks that the Ming Dynasty should have an army size of 1.5 million, and also thinks that the Ming Dynasty can support it.

Compared with Zhu Gaochi's forward-looking and backward thinking, Zhu Di is more decisive.

Now the Ming Dynasty, with a population of more than 100 million and a land area larger than that of Europe, has entered the social environment of the first industrial revolution, and is on a benign path of development, and there is no external industrial social competitor environment.

The total amount can support Britain, France, Germany, Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands and other countries in history.

Yang Rong then reported on the new reform of the guard post and the army.

"In the society, taking the Daming Industrial Bureau as an example, the general monthly wage is one yuan and eight dimes, and the normal military salary of the current Ming soldiers is two yuan and five cents, and there are more than 4 million military households in the Ming Dynasty."

Behind the more than 4 million military households are more than 28 million people, as well as 400 million acres of health fields, and more than 2 million young and strong people can be recruited into the camp, but this will destroy the ecology of the health center.

Moreover, the current immigrants of the Ming Dynasty are mainly military households.

Whether in the seven western provinces or in overseas enclaves, the Ming would find the richest land and distribute it to the soldiers who were willing to stay there, and through their stationing, new military households would be formed.

In addition to the various preferential treatment and support for military households, as well as the military salaries of ordinary soldiers, which are much higher than the average income of society, the people have a very high willingness to become military households.

Hereditary military households, with the multiplication of the population, are also not conducive to long-term planning.

After Yang Rong explained, he said: "The military household military registration will be inherited by the eldest son, and the children after the separation will be converted to a private household, or join the transfer of the Governor's Office and the Military Department of the Five Armies, go to the new land to take root, and become a new military household, and part of it is to join the army, and after retiring from the army, you can obtain the status of a military household." ”

"How to ensure that the eldest son meets the requirements?" Zhu Gaochi asked.

"Assessment."

Yang Rong said, "When the eldest son inherits the military household, he needs to be assessed in the unified assessment of the Yamen of the Dusi Division, and only those who pass the grades can inherit, and those who fail to pass the examination can be re-examined, or other children will participate in the assessment and inherit the military household instead of the eldest son." ”

The assessment of military households, of course, is different from the assessment of schools, as long as they can ride horses, their riding skills are not bad, or they can participate in drills, and they do not make big mistakes, etc., the requirements are not strict.

In short, as long as you are not a bastard who does not learn and do not know, you can smoothly inherit the military status passed down from your father.

Zhu Gaochi nodded with satisfaction.

Since he promoted industrialization in Beiping, the status and treatment of military households have not changed, from the whole society despising military households, to the whole society envying military households, to now using the interests of military households to tempt people to move to new land, forming a virtuous circle.

Including county schools, every year graduates choose to join the military.

Agriculture is stable, industry is unstable.

Farmers are more tempted than ordinary workers.

A military household is a farmer.

Zhu Gaochi believes that such a system can be maintained for 30 years without problems, and as for what kind of development the Ming Dynasty has reached after 30 years, it is facing new problems, which is not something that Zhu Gaochi can solve.

After all, I was still there at that time.

There are many plains in the north, and the conditions for the use of agricultural machinery are abundant, but the south is different, so the proportion of military households is not as good as that in the north.

——

When the new reform of the military household guard system of the Ming Dynasty and the great expansion of the army and the training of the army, there was sensational news in the capital, and Cao Duan, who had left the Ming Dynasty for nearly ten years, returned to China.

Many people don't know who Cao Duan is, but the newspapers have been reporting on him for days.

Many people still have to be Cao Duan.

For example, Cao Duan's friend Jiang Binzhi.

The newspapers of the Ming Dynasty, in some places, are weekly, and there will also be newspapers of the Ming Dynasty in Goryeo, but they are backward newspapers, not new dates, and Cao Duan returned the same way.

He returned to the Seven Western Provinces, and from the Seven Western Provinces he entered the Yili Province and the Western Regions Province, and when he was in Jiayuguan, the local squires welcomed Cao Duan.

Cao Duan took the train back to Beiping.

The Guozijian of Beiping held a warm welcome ceremony, in which Cao Duan recounted his travels, almost being caught and eaten by a cannibalistic tribe, going to Constantinople, and seeing this magnificent city.

He came into contact with the missionaries of the West, and because of the mystery of the East, he became a guest of honor in various kingdoms, visited many countries, and met various societies.

Relying on his brilliant mind and talent, Cao Duan learned many Chinese, could communicate simply, and had many exchanges with local scholars.

"Da Ming is the greatest."

"Because the Ming Dynasty is an empire."

Cao Duan said firmly.

Clan-tribe-kingdom-empire, Cao Duan gave a clear division.

Allah and God have made various tribes kingdoms, but Taoism has made China an empire, and there is no empire in the West, there may be, but only in local myths.

Cao Duan did not believe in these stories, he only believed in the written records and unearthed objects similar to China, so he summarized the culture and knowledge of the East and the West, focusing on the achievements of the Ming Dynasty, and once again introduced new learning.

There are many similarities between this new school and the previous new school.

In fact, it is also a summary.

"In the past, learning was diverse, the accumulation of experience, and it was not systematic, so it seemed to be chaotic and had no causal relationship with each other, but in fact, learning also had cause and effect."

"Every knowledge should be able to prove each other, such as the Nine Chapters of Arithmetic."

Cao Duan said to each scholar.

In the past, Cao Duan was the most famous student of Beiping Guozijian and one of the founders of the reading club, but now Cao Duan has become the center, and everyone comes to communicate with him.

"All learning, such as the Pythagorean theorem of the Pythagorean three-strand four-string five, and the relevant mathematical problems, are defined by this, or derived from the establishment of such simple as to be provable, or indirectly axioms, and so on."

"This is cause and effect, either prove it, or overturn it, and come up with a new definition, and on top of the new definition, multiply more definitions, and use this as a cycle, a complete and unified proof."

Cao Duan's doctrine seems to have opened a new door.

The scholars of Peking seem to have seen the avenue.

A path where learning can be unified.

From circumcision to the Pythagorean theorem, a large number of scholars have discussed, and the bee chrysalis visited Cao Duan, hoping to have academic exchanges with Cao Duan.

The Beiping Guozijian invited Cao Duan with great fanfare, and the entire Beiping Guozijian was serving Cao Duan, and scholars from all over the country participated in the academic conference held for Cao Duan.

The hook three strands and four strings five are ninety degrees of Pythagorean angle, sixty degrees of hook strings, and thirty degrees of strand string angles. When the two right-angled sides of a right-angled triangle are three, short, and four, and the long side, the radial corner or chord is five.

Based on this, five definitions were born.

From any point to any other point, you can draw a straight line; A finite straight line can continue to extend; Circles can be drawn with any point as the center and any distance; All right angles are equal to each other; A straight line intersects two other straight lines in the same plane, and if the sum of the two interior angles on one side is less than the sum of the two right angles, then the two straight lines intersect on this side after an infinite extension.

After carving out the triangle into flowers, Cao Duan proposed a new concept.

Quantities equal to the same amount are equal to each other. Equal plus equal, its sum is still equal. The difference between the same amount and the same amount is still the same. Objects that can coincide with each other are congruent. The whole is greater than the parts.

The sensation of the academic community in Beiping is like dropping a stone in a calm lake, which makes the academic world boil, and scholars are all on a new path and start their own research.

Unlike the Pythagorean theorem, much of the knowledge is based not on logical reasoning, but on observation and experimentation, and of course it uses the basics of mathematics and geometry.

A big event happened in the capital.

The disciple overthrew the teacher's achievements.

The son of the seventh sister, He Hu, the naughty student who was almost dropped out of school, met his new neighbor, that is, his strange teacher, and this master and apprentice parted ways in Beiping.

He Hu embarked on a new path, and he publicly rejected the teacher's achievement - the air in the same bottle is heavier than the weight of water in the same bottle.

In the capital country.

He Hu saw the record of experiments carried out by craftsmen under the organization of His Royal Highness the Crown Prince in the twenty-fifth year of Hongwu, pumping water to the top of the mountain, but all the pumps could not lift the water beyond a fixed height, and no one knew what the reason was.

However, He Hu sensitively found that this was related to the teacher's important achievements in the past few years, believing that it was all related to the weight of the air, and proposed that "the air that squeezes us all the time is a force from all directions, so we can't feel this pressure, and we live in a sea of air." ”

This theory stunned everyone.

He Hu used the improved pumping machine to prove that the fixed height of the pumping water has nothing to do with the suction power of the pumping machine, because of the pressure of the air, and the vacuum does not have reverse pressure.

The reason why mercury is used instead of water is that mercury is thirteen times heavier than water, and water can form a column of water thirty feet high, while mercury can only form a column of mercury two .28 feet high, which is relatively easy to control.

Using a three-foot glass tube, fill it with mercury.

When the bottom seal is removed, about half a foot of mercury flows out of the tube, creating an empty vacuum at the top, and no air can enter in the process.

Without the process of extraction, a vacuum was obtained, and his device could suspend mercury and seemed to have the miraculous property of defying gravity.

The air from the outside exerts pressure on the surface of the mercury in the glass, and there is no corresponding pressure in the vacuum at the top of the glass tube to push the mercury downward, so it is the air pressure that supports the suspended column of mercury.

In fact, the pressure of the air changes with altitude, or before a storm, and the height of the mercury column changes accordingly.

He Hu used millimeters in a column of mercury to represent the unit of atmospheric pressure, and invented a unit of measurement to measure pressure, which caused a sensation in Beijing.

"It turned out to be really stressful."

People were surprised.

"Air can still be measured." People couldn't believe it, and some people even became frightened and said in horror: "Zi Bu is strange and confused, they shouldn't be messed around like this, they will be punished by heaven." ”

(End of chapter)