"Lost land." Ji Heng whispered, and his words were very smooth.

He had guessed what was going on.

Fusu said: "It's indeed a loss of land. ”

"If it is said by the new words coined in the locality, it is called annexation."

"What is a merger?"

"The rich and the rich devoured the people's land, just like the big countries of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States period annexed small countries."

"Since the Shang Dynasty changed the law, the Great Qin Dynasty has returned all the Qin land to the public, so the Great Qin has completely shifted from the initial 'initial lease of crops' and 'farming' to the 'fake people's public land', that is, the state-owned land is leased to landless farmers for production, and the state will give seeds, cattle and other support to the farmers who pretend to borrow fields."

"Because of military merit, the field will be rewarded."

"Shang Jun also deliberately set two rules."

"The first is the inheritance of the lord, that is, the son can inherit the mansion and title granted by the father for meritorious service, but if he wants to descend to the two levels of succession, then the corresponding plot will be reduced accordingly."

"Besides, if the father and son are not in the same family, they cannot inherit."

"The second is to die and take the field."

"That is, after the death of the person who has been granted the land, except for the part of the land inherited by his son, the excess land shall be returned to the state, which shall then distribute it separately."

"That's why."

"Qin Luzhong does not allow the sale of land."

"It's a matter of annexation of the old land, and it's rarely noticed."

"However, in recent years, officials, aristocrats, and wealthy merchants in Guanzhong have taken advantage of various opportunities such as famine, migration, and the Cao Canal Project to buy farmland and the people's land and property, and then continue to flow into the hands of the powerful, noble, and rich people.

Fusu's face was solemn.

He knew what was at stake.

After losing all the land, the Qianshou will only become poorer and poorer.

This in turn leads to the people's poverty and the people's change.

Ji Heng poured himself a glass of wine and listened calmly.

Fusu glanced at Ji Heng in surprise and continued: "When I noticed that there was a land annex in the place, I paid more attention to it and went to the field from time to time to ask, but I really didn't expect that many local Qiantou people voluntarily sold their fields. ”

Fusu sighed lightly and said helplessly: "They don't know that Daqin's fields can't be bought and sold, but at present, there is a lack of young people in the place, and most of the households in Guanzhong have military merits, so the number of fields is not a lot, only the old and weak, women and children at the moment, they can't cultivate at all, and the official land rent will not be less, and it will not be easily exempted, so the local predicament is noticed by merchants and nobles, and these people buy the people's fields at a low price on the grounds of helping them pay rent." ”

"Over the years, private purchases have become more frequent."

"A lot of land in Guanzhong has fallen into the hands of merchants, nobles, and some officials."

"What worries me even more is that the land annexation originally occurred in the Kanto, but now the Guanzhong has begun to flood, I am afraid that the Kanto annexation will be even worse, especially when the world has stopped fighting, and the fiefs of the nobles of the six countries have also been abolished.

"Households have lost their fields and have to pay a meager amount of money and grain, but how long can these money and grain last?"

"In the end, I am afraid that I will go back to the old road, and continue to sell my own fields, and so on several times, most of the fields in the world will fall into the hands of merchants, officials, and powerful families."

"Will it be the people who will be lost in ploughing the land? The loss is clearly the foundation of the people's will. ”

"It's the Imperial River."

Fusu's face was upright, and his eyes were full of anger.

Ji Heng glanced at it lightly, just shook his head, and said, "You have too little insight into the merger of fields. ”

"Please sir." Fusu arched his hand.

Ji Heng said: "With the continuous emergence of iron tools, the production of households has been greatly improved. ”

"The past well field system is becoming more and more intolerable to the world."

"It is also from this time that the world has appeared Qi Min household, which seems to be to grasp the country's population for management, but the inside is actually to facilitate taxation, the real purpose of this system is to carry out tax changes, the world from this time, from the past tribute system, continue to change to the normal land tax."

"This kind of change first started in Qi."

"The reform of Qi land is 'Xiangdi and declining', followed by the Jin State's 'Zuo Zhan Tian', and then the Chu State's 'Shu Tu Tian' and 'Measure into the Cultivation of Fu' and so on."

"Qin Conggong's reform of land taxation is called 'initial rent'."

"Starting from the Warring States Period, the six countries of Kwantung, to be precise, the entire world, including Qin, began to have land annexation."

"It's just that in the world of the Warring States Period, all countries were forced to be governed by swords and soldiers, and many wartime controls, and the nobles of various countries had the right to govern their own fiefs, so the fields in their fiefs were no different from their own fields, so there was naturally no need to forcibly buy private land.

"Again."

"The status of businessmen is low, and they dare not make a big noise."

"Once discovered by the local clans, they will be conscripted into service, so the land annexation is not drastic."

"The same is true of the Qin State."

"In the future, when the land annexation of Qin land deteriorated slightly, Shang Ying was born again, killing thousands of old nobles of related old clans, and completely wiped out the land annexation that arose in Qin at that time.

"It never happens."

"But in the middle and late Warring States period, countries changed their laws one after another."

"The land was turned into private ownership."

"It was from this time that the buying and selling of land in the Warring States gradually became a disaster for all countries, but at that time, the swords and soldiers were continuous, and the day was not safe, so the land annexation was still suppressed, but as you said, as the war in the world stopped and began to settle down, how could the nobles who were robbed of their fiefs accept it aggrieved?"

"As a result, land annexation has gradually become a common trend in the world."

"However, Daqin prohibits the sale of land, and there is no law, which is related to the sale of land, so these sales contracts are not recognized by the government, and the government knows this. Therefore, although the trend of buying and selling fields began to spread in the world at that time, it was far from the time when it deteriorated. ”

"It all started with an edict."

Hear the words.

Fusu was immediately stunned.

Edict?

Wasn't this given by my father?

When did Daqin issue an edict permitting the sale of land?

Suddenly, Fusu seemed to think of something, and there was a hint of surprise in his eyes.

He said in a condensed voice: "Qianshou from the Shitian Order? ”

Ji Heng nodded.

"Sir, is that wrong?" Fusu frowned and said: "Your Majesty issued this decree back then, not to allow the sale of land, let alone to recognize the private ownership of the land, but at that time, the imperial court was a little dissatisfied with the land rent levied in Kanto, and knew that there were many shady scenes in Kanto, and wanted to find out the situation of the fields in Kanto, so this decree was issued." ”

"This is really a decree to verify the land and levy the land tax."

"Admittedly."

"The imperial court also used this to encourage the people to open up the wasteland, and allowed these fields to be given to the Qianshou."

"But it has nothing to do with allowing the land to be bought and sold."

"How could the imperial court do such a short-sighted thing?"

Fusu's eyes were full of disbelief.

He knew something about making Qianshou Zi Shitian, so he did not agree with this statement.

Ji Heng smiled and said, "Even if that's the case, so what. ”

"If the imperial court goes down with an order, the following will be implemented according to the truth, and Xia Shang Zhou will not perish."

"It's the people who enforce the system!"

"The binding power of the system on people is limited."

"As long as the interests are big enough, any system can be trampled on."

Fusu's face sank.

Ji Heng chuckled lightly and continued: "The world was initially decided, and the Qin law had not yet been uniformly implemented at that time, and the Kanto region still followed the old law, that is, fields could be bought and sold. ”

"At that time, the people of the world were at a loss, they didn't know anything about Qin law and Qin politics, and the only thing they could hear was the local nobles and heroes, and they were endlessly cursing and cursing against Great Qin."

"In addition, the world has been afraid of Qin for a long time."

"The people of the Kanto region are afraid of Qin."

"Therefore, it is easy to be bewitched by the powerful nobles of the place."

"When the government comes down to check the fields, they will deliberately hide it and not report it."

"And the Qin court saw that the annual land rent collected was getting less and less, so he issued the 'order to make the head of the Qianqian from the real field', but perhaps the Qin court himself did not expect that although there was land annexation in the original place, it was relatively not bad, and after the issuance of this decree, land annexation in the world began to become a common practice."

"The reason is simple."

"The Qin court gave the jurisprudence of annexation."

"The imperial court knows that there is a local concealment and does not report, and it also knows that there is a certain amount of land annexation in the locality, and wants to let the local government truthfully report the land, on the one hand, it wants to reduce the burden on the people, and on the other hand, it wants to collect more land rent from the nobles and powerful, but you have to know that the Qin court does not know who concealed the report and who was annexed the land."

"This order led to a problem all at once."

"The fields that were hidden in the past are still hidden, but the fields on the original accounts have given the nobles a reason to merge by force, because they are 'self-aware fields', they can directly take and seize all the fields that did not belong to them to their own names, and then realize the change of ownership of this part of the fields."

Fusu's face changed slightly.

Ji Heng said lightly: "The Qin law has a stipulation: the people who have no land are unemployed and tired people, and they will be punished as all kinds of hard labor and sentences, and the Great Qin has ruled the world for several years. ”

"In the end, these leaders clearly have no land, but they have to pay additional land rent that 'does not exist'."

"And the nobles who 'buy land' report more land will inevitably lead to an increase in their own land rent, but in the Kanto region, there were many hidden fields that were not reported, so in order to make up for their overpaid rent, they will only intensify the annexation of these fields."

"From this."

"The wind of local land annexation is intensifying."

"It is true that the decree issued by the Qin court did not open the wind of annexation, but the officials below may not be able to implement it."

"The Qin court gave the legal principle of annexation, if there are conditions, who is not greedy?"

"This is a field!"

"Now you know where the disaster of losing the land is."

(End of chapter)