Chapter 392: Penicillin
After consulting with the two ambassadors, Winster and Cret, Arthur generously decided to provide 200,000 reinforcements to France within three months, and to transport at least 200,000 combat troops to Europe every year in the following war to relieve the pressure on the Anglo-French forces.
This also means that Australasia will send at least a million expeditionary forces in this war, which is not a small contribution, at least Arthur thinks so.
In order to compensate for Australasia's great contribution, Australasia will be given the right to give priority to the selection of some German industrial equipment, technology and technology.
It plays a vital role in making up for some of Australasia's industrial base, and the use of Germany's decades of development can directly raise the heritage of Australasia.
In order to show his sincerity, after the two delegates left, Arthur called the Secretary of State for Defense, Raul, and ordered the Ministry of Defense to immediately begin recruiting new indigenous soldiers, and within two months, train at least 200,000 combat troops, and then transport them to the European theater.
Of course, going to the battlefield is also a way to hone soldiers. Therefore, for these indigenous soldiers, there is no need to go through too harsh training, they only need to be proficient in the use of weapons and be able to follow the orders of their commanders.
Anyway, what the European theater needs is cannon fodder, not elite soldiers. No matter how elite the soldiers are, they have to pay huge casualties in the face of a protracted war of attrition.
In this way, it is particularly important to have enough cannon fodder. The biggest role of the 200,000 indigenous army in Australasia is to replace the Anglo-French army to send them to death, and use human lives to fill the weakness of the Entente in terms of soldiers' combat effectiveness.
This also means that all the Aboriginal troops sent by Australasia, including the 200,000 Aboriginal troops, will face very heavy casualties.
But Arthur was not distressed either. For Australasia, the loss of millions of Aboriginal casualties is insignificant, but it is good for the country's development.
It is also a good thing that Australasia's indigenous people are depleted, at least it will save enough energy for the government to waste time on relocating these indigenous people.
Of course, the indigenous people of Australasia are not endless, and it is very likely that they will be consumed in such a tragic war of attrition.
But Arthur didn't panic either. Because Australasia's neighbors, the Dutch East Indies are home to tens of millions of indigenous people.
There is really a lack of natives, so if it's a big deal, ask your neighbors to borrow it. Anyway, the Dutch East Indies Dutch said it didn't matter, this land had to be left to the Australasian people.
This is probably the sorrow of a weak country. Although the Dutch East Indies were the most important Dutch colony, the region was previously surrounded by colonies of the British Empire and was now too close to Australasia, one of the great powers, to gain much autonomy.
To put it bluntly, Australasia even has the ability to occupy the entire Dutch East Indies at any time, and with the relationship with Britain and Russia, the Dutch can only break their teeth and swallow in their stomachs, and they dare not let a fart go.
This is also the truth of the current society, and even the world since ancient times.
The strong make the truth, and the weak obey it.
Unless we can have the confidence to challenge the strong led by Britain, as Germany did, the world order will never be broken, and the weak will always be weak.
The 200,000 indigenous army is just an episode, and for Arthur, no matter how many natives there are, they are just cannon fodder after all.
As long as Arthur wanted to, with the population of the Dutch East Indies, there was no problem in raising an army of millions of natives.
But such a stability and combat capability of the army are all problems, and they are destined to become cannon fodder.
Fortunately, the current French battlefield only needs cannon fodder, which is not a coincidence, Australasia has more channels to make contributions, and these natives also have more ways to contribute to the world.
As for the resettlement of the dead and wounded natives, Arthur generously said that Britain and France could handle it themselves.
After the injuries were not serious, they continued to be put into the battlefield, and those who died in battle were buried on the spot, and tens of thousands of people were able to make do with burying a big pit.
Of course, after all, it is to contribute to the government of Australasia. For all the natives who died in battle, Arthur would also fulfill his promise to give freedom to the families of these natives.
All the families of the natives who died in the war were given enough money to travel to other regions, and they were escorted to Southeast Asia or Africa by an official Australasian fleet.
Don't think about joining Australasian citizenship, yellow people can, but Arthur doesn't have any idea of accepting black people.
Of course, it's not racism, it's just that Arthur simply hates chocolate.
After all, the few East Asian immigrants are doing well in Australasia, isn't this exactly Arthur's equal treatment of every race?
As for chocolate, excuse me, isn't that an African gorilla? Australasia has no habit of eating monkey brains, and gorillas are not welcome.
In addition to the training of the indigenous army, the news of Arthur's great interest came from the pharmaceutical group set up by the royal consortium.
The Pharmaceutical Group was established by Arthur before World War I and is responsible for the research, manufacturing and personnel training of all medicines and drugs.
And this news came from the biological research laboratory of the pharmaceutical group, a place built by Arthur with a lot of money.
The head of the biology laboratory is Alexander Fleming, a biologist in his early 30s, a British-Australasian national.
Fleming was invited to Australasia four years ago with his mentor Wright, and became Professor Emeritus of Biology at the then Australasian National University, where he conducted research in biochemistry.
Arthur has never forgotten the expert who discovered penicillin, and after the establishment of the pharmaceutical group, Arthur asked the Kent housekeeper to immediately hire Fleming to become the exclusive head of the largest biological laboratory under the pharmaceutical group, engaged in immunological drug research.
This direction of study, like his mentor Wright, is Fleming's current best specialty.
Penicillin is a drug of great significance to human beings, and Arthur still has a certain amount of research on the history of the discovery of penicillin.
If Arthur remembers correctly, the discovery of penicillin was a coincidence. Time, temperature, and the environment in which it is grown are all important.
However, Arthur remembered the discovery of lysozyme, and after reminding Fleming, he asked Fleming to conduct research in the direction of antibacterial and immune, preventing wound infection, and create a vaccine or drug to reduce the current risk of wound infection.
In order to speed up the research and development of penicillin, Arthur's investment is not small.
Since the discovery of penicillin was too coincidental, the number of experiments was expanded, and the coincidence of the discovery of penicillin was born.
For Fleming's research, so far, in four years, Arthur has invested more than 4 million Australian dollars, hundreds of biology experts and professors, hundreds of biological researchers, and conducted a large number of experiments and research.
The hard work paid off, and on January 9, 1915, Arthur finally received the news that Fleming had discovered penicillin.
The research of penicillin can be described as twists and turns, first of all, lysozyme needs to be discovered, but fortunately, Arthur remembers the discovery process of lysozyme relatively clearly, so lysozyme has been discovered more than three years ago.
But lysozyme is still a long way from penicillin, and after three years of research and a large number of experiments, penicillin was finally discovered.
There are a number of conditions that must be taken to ensure the discovery of penicillin, one of which is that penicillium spores of unknown origin must fall into the culture medium of staphylococcus.
Second, the medium should be kept at room temperature, not the 37 degrees Celsius environment that is most suitable for staphylococcal growth.
Third, the climate and environment of Australasia. It is worth mentioning that at the beginning of December, the climate of Australasia is not hot, but even very cool, so it is very suitable for penicillium to grow and mature first and produce penicillin.
In mid-to-late December, the temperature had risen significantly, which was more suitable for the rapid growth of staphylococcus, which led to the discovery of penicillin in the medium, which also led to the culprit of the bacterolytic phenomenon.
When Arthur arrived at the pharmaceutical group's research room, Fleming was still conducting his own research.
Fleming's character is a down-to-earth, silent, and unassuming person.
Even after completing Arthur's mission and discovering penicillin, he did not show excessive joy and continued to immerse himself in his research.
Arthur did not disturb Fleming's research, but watched Fleming's operation with interest from the sidelines.
After a long time, Fleming finished the operation and was about to take off his gloves to wash his hands, when he noticed Arthur not far behind him, and quickly stood up straight and was about to salute and say hello.
"It's all right, Mr. Fleming, go ahead with your research. The discovery of penicillin this time is a great contribution to your contribution. When penicillin can be completely isolated and purified, everyone in the laboratory has a huge credit. Mr. Fleming, please work hard for a while, and when penicillin can be mass-produced, I will personally celebrate you and all the experts in the laboratory! Arthur waved his hand, stopped Fleming's salute, and said with a smile.
In the original history, there was a gap of more than ten years between the discovery of penicillin and its official use.
Of course, there are reasons why Fleming did not face up to the role of penicillin, so a lot of research was not conducted, and there are also reasons why penicillin is difficult to isolate and purify.
Scientific research requires not only sufficient ability, but also a little luck.
The discovery of penicillin is a coincidence, and the purification of penicillin is actually the result of both effort and coincidence.
The isolation and purification of penicillin requires about several steps, first, to isolate the strain and increase the production of penicillin.
Second, penicillin crystals were extracted, molds that could provide more penicillin were discovered, and culture broths capable of producing penicillium were developed.
The preparation of the culture medium can produce a large number of penicillium, and with a large number of penicillium, a large amount of penicillin can be purified, so as to promote the mass production of penicillin.
As for the use of penicillin, Fleming also intends to start detailed research.
At present, it can be determined that penicillin has a good antibacterial effect. However, for wound infections, various bacterial infections, etc., it is still necessary to go through a lot of experiments to ensure that penicillin will not cause much harm to the human body, and it can be officially put into commercial use as a drug.
Although Arthur knew that this was a drug that would change a lot for humans, he could not make an empty decision without the results of the experiment that were convincing enough.
Anyway, the casualties in Australasia are not large at the moment, and the demand for large-scale production of penicillin is not so high.
Now that penicillin has been discovered, it is not so difficult to purify and produce penicillin in large quantities.
With a lot of money thrown at the royal consortium, it is not difficult to accelerate the mass production of penicillin.
And Arthur is already thinking about what reward to give Fleming.
A Victorian Medal is certainly essential. The medal also often represents an honorary knighthood, as well as a $5,200 annual subsidy.
Coupled with the reward of 500,000 Australian dollars, a villa in the heart of Sydney, the increase in the salary of the position, is almost the reward that Arthur planned to give Fleming.
Don't underestimate this Victorian Medal, Arthur is the first time since the award of this medal to the people that the Victorian Medal has been awarded, which is enough to see how difficult it is to obtain the Victorian Medal.
In fact, raising the specifications of the three medals and ensuring the gold content of the three medals has also been Arthur's plan all along.
So far, not to mention the Victorian Medal, including the Royal Knight Medal and the Australasian National Medal, all those who have received the medal can be counted on one hand.
And the title of knighthood of honor, so far, only three people have won it.
In addition to the great first Prime Minister Evan, there was also Arthur's desire to quickly establish a military industrial system in the Australasian army, and only then did he reward the commanders of the 1st and 2nd Divisions, Sir Silvio and Sir Filitz.
This also means that Fleming is likely to become the fourth knight of Australasia and join the Australasian aristocracy.
Of course, it is quite possible that the Australasian aristocracy expanded after World War I.
After all, the interests of the nobility and the monarch are the same, and only with more noble classes can the interests of Arthur and the royal family be protected.
In particular, these new nobles, who had been divided by Arthur himself, had to support Arthur's rule if they wanted to maintain their rights.
With Arthur's support, their rights and status could be maintained in Australasia.
This is different from the traditional European aristocracy, the new Australasian aristocracy, who are just nobles with empty titles, no actual fiefdoms, and no army.
And because they are the new aristocracy, they don't have any background. The only way they could maintain their rights and position was to unite under Arthur's rule and protect the Australasian monarchy.
After all, if the Australasian monarchy was gone, the nobles who had been divided by Arthur would naturally disappear as well.
The aristocracy can never be a maverick outside the monarch, after all, the monarch is the greatest nobleman and the representative of all nobles.
In order to win over all the nobles, the new nobles of Australasia, although they do not have any territory, can receive a sum of money from the royal family every year according to the rank of their titles. (Honorary knights can receive 3 times the annual per capita income of that year)
If the nobility level is sufficient, they can also obtain Arthur's bounty of land that is not too large, which can be used to build their own private estates and castles.
This also led to the fact that although the new nobles of Australasia did not have their own territory, as long as they were obedient and knew how to protect the interests of the royal family, they could live well, at least it was okay to be a rich man.
Arthur also planned to form a joint consortium among the nobles, and the royal consortium would give up a part of its profits every year to some big nobles, so as to completely encircle the Australasian aristocracy.
Of course, this is still a long way off for Australia at the moment. After all, there are currently no great nobles in Australasia (except for Arthur), only three honorary knights, and there is no need to form a noble consortium.
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(End of chapter)