Chapter 851: The Warsaw Pact
Russia's entry into the war was like a bolt from the blue for Poland.
The Polish army could not resist the German army, and it was impossible to send a part of the army to defend the Eastern Front on the premise of resisting the German army.
What's more, the Russian army has a tradition that Poland will never be able to match, and that is the number of people.
In peacetime, the size of the Russian army remained at the level of one million, which is one of the reasons why other countries are very jealous of Russia.
And after Russia entered the war, they were bound to carry out partial mobilization. Don't look at the fact that Russia is only partially mobilized, and the recruits mobilized are definitely starting from the millions.
This also means that Russia can have more than 2 million troops at any one time, which is almost twice the current army of Poland.
It was enough to give a headache to face Germany, and coupled with the enemy of Russia, the Polish government collapsed for a while, and also made those lords and factions who were originally hidden in the shadows begin to emerge.
Faced with such a desperate situation, the Polish government understood that Poland alone could no longer change the status quo of doom.
To save Poland, the only way to save Poland is to pray that Britain and France will intervene in the war and at least retain some land for Poland, instead of being divided by Germany and Russia, as was the case before.
But there is little hope. Germany's military strength was already very strong, and with the addition of a Russia, would Britain and France be willing to offend these two countries for the sake of Poland?
Facts have proved that Britain and France will not offend the two great powers of Germany and Russia for the sake of one Poland.
Although Britain and France did consider declaring war on Germany, that was before Russia was not involved in the war.
Since Russia had already entered the war, it meant that the demise of Poland had become a given fact.
Poland's independence must be guaranteed, and perhaps Germany and Russia will be forced to move towards unity, which Britain and France do not want to see.
Moreover, the demise of Poland was not necessarily all bad for Britain and France.
Judging from the map, after the joint partition of Poland by Germany and Russia, the two countries became land neighbors completely.
In Europe, Germany should have the longest border with Russia, with the exception of Finland.
With such a long border between the two countries, it is natural that some minor contradictions and frictions will arise. In particular, since war broke out between the two countries 20 years ago, it is obviously impossible to expect a permanent peace between Germany and Russia.
At this time, the thinking of Britain and France had changed from saving Poland to sowing discord between Germany and Russia.
To the west of Germany were the French and Austrian empires, and their combined strength was far greater than that of Russia. Since Germany wants to expand, let him expand to the East!
The outbreak of war between Germany and Russia was a matter of great deal for both England and France.
With this in mind, Britain and France did not join the German-Polish war, but only expressed serious protest against Germany's aggression against Poland.
In addition, in response to Germany's aggressive expansion of its army, France announced a partial mobilization to expand the size of the army to the million level.
On November 4, 1935, Russian troops broke the Polish defenses.
In the absence of heavy firepower, 200,000 Polish troops simply could not stop the offensive of the Russian troops.
What's more, as the war progressed, most of the Poles, who had believed that they could win the war, lost faith in the government and the war at this time.
The Polish cavalry, which they were proud of, had no way to face the armored forces of the Germans, and there was a certain gap between the infantry combat effectiveness and the Germans, which was one of the reasons for the defeat of Poland.
It was also on this day that the German army, after a few days of rest in Warsaw, announced that it was heading south to Lublin to encircle and suppress the Polish government.
Naturally, Russia did not want Germany to annex Poland completely, so it also accelerated its own offensive and advanced towards Lublin, the new capital of Poland.
At the same time, after the fall of Poland, the Polish First Army was already completely encircled.
The German panzers continued to pursue the victory, leaving a part of the infantry and artillery to shrink the encirclement of the Polish First Army.
On 7 November, the German Second Army launched an all-out offensive against the Polish First Army. The Polish First Army had entered the encirclement, and they could no longer do anything but be gradually reduced by the Germans.
On November 11, the eleventh day of the Russian invasion, the Russian army was already very close to the Polish capital of Lubley.
On November 12, German troops also successfully reached the vicinity of Lublin, and Germany and Russia successfully encircled Lublin.
There was a tacit understanding on both sides, the German and Russian armies did not break out into the imaginary conflict, and both sides had a great interest in jointly encircling and suppressing Lublin.
On 15 November, the Luftwaffe launched a massive bombing of Lublin and dropped tens of thousands of letters of surrender.
On November 22, after holding out for a week, the Polish government officially announced its unconditional surrender, and the Polish war, which lasted more than a month, finally ended.
The German-Polish war is over!
This is the biggest news in Europe since November 22.
A middle power, once with an army of 700,000 and a large number of tanks and aircraft, held out for just over a month under the encirclement of the German army.
Although the Russian army was involved, Poland had already lost their capital by then, and the defeat of the war was already a certainty.
The war gave European countries a new appreciation of the fighting power of the German army. Even after 20 years of restrictions after the First World War, the German Army's combat effectiveness remained among the best in Europe.
What's worse is that Germany, which annexed most of Poland, will usher in a huge increase in the country's overall strength.
The Polish region will become an important logistical supply base for Germany, and will be able to contribute a large amount of food and other supplies to Germany every year.
The German occupation of Poland with a population of more than 20 million would also be able to provide Germany with an additional million troops. Of course, if you want to ensure the combat effectiveness and loyalty of these millions of Polish troops, you have to rely on the brainwashing of the German army and other means.
Although the war was over, it did not mean that the chaos in Poland was over.
After all, it was Germany and Russia that occupied Poland. The specific division of the occupied territories between these two countries is the next good drama that Britain and France pay more attention to.
Once the two countries clashed over the division of the occupied territories, the situation would evolve from the German-Polish War to the German-Russian War, as expected by Britain and France.
In this way, Britain and France will be able to completely watch from the wall and quietly watch this attractive enough drama.
On November 23, 1935, the German government sent a note to the Russian government, inviting it to hold negotiations in Warsaw.
The focus of the negotiations, of course, was on the division of Poland's territory.
Poland is not the only one that will share the cake, but also the Kingdom of Lithuania, which Poland previously controlled.
For Germany and Russia, these lands are actually quite important.
No matter which country acquires these lands, it can easily be converted into its own because of the advantage of being connected to the mainland.
Lithuania is also a coastal country in the Baltic Sea, and having more coastlines is also a good thing for the country's development.
Soon, the Russian government agreed to the invitation of the German government.
The peace talks between the two sides were agreed to be held on December 15 in Warsaw, the former capital of Poland.
Until then, both sides maintained their respective occupied areas and strictly controlled all actions of the front-line troops.
It is clear that neither Germany nor Russia wants a war with each other at this time.
Germany's plan was to plot a blitzkrieg against France after attacking Poland, and Russia's plan was to occupy a part of Poland, and there was no need to make any extraneous complications.
It was the unity of purpose of the two countries that allowed the partition of Poland to proceed smoothly and without the outbreak of conflict in between.
Soon, the time came to December 15, as agreed by both parties.
In Warsaw, which was tightly controlled by German troops, negotiations began in earnest on how to divide Poland and Lithuania.
As it stands, Germany controls most of Poland and is the biggest contributor to the defeat of Poland, and deserves more land.
But the size of Russia's army is in no way weaker than that of Germany, which also means that Russia has the right to open the lion's mouth.
On the first day of the negotiations, the two sides made their respective territorial claims.
The German delegate argued that Germany, as the initiator of the war, had routed most of the Polish army and should have divided more Polish lands.
And the Russians entered the war halfway through, and only attacked the weakly defended eastern line of Poland, which was clearly picking up the cheap.
The representative of Germany was of the view that the Polish areas currently occupied by the two sides were more in line with their respective contributions to the war and that the division of land between the two countries should continue with the areas they were currently occupying.
This proposal was immediately vetoed by Russia. Because Russia sent troops relatively late, it occupied very few areas.
As mentioned earlier, the new capital of Poland, Lublin, is only about 100 kilometers from the Russian border. This also means that the area occupied by Russia is actually within 100 kilometers of the border to Lublin.
These lands, which were only one-third of the size of the whole of Poland, did not satisfy the appetite of the Russian government.
But Germany did not back down. As far as Germany was concerned, it was impossible for Germany to cede the land it had worked so hard to win to Russia.
Fortunately, in addition to Poland, there is also a Lithuania that can distribute benefits.
Germany stated that Germany only occupied the coastal area of Lithuania and ceded all the parts close to Russia to Russia as a sign of Germany's sincerity.
Moreover, the German government would not oppose Russia's recovery of Latvia and Estonia, and would support Russia's reassertion of hegemony in the North Baltic.
While this proposal appeals to the Russians, there is also a big hole in it.
Latvia and Estonia, controlled by Britain and France, respectively. If Russia wants to regain hegemony in the North Baltic Sea, it must exert great influence over Sweden, Finland, Latvia, and Estonia.
But here's the problem, in addition to Latvia and Estonia being controlled by Britain and France, Finland and Australasia also have very good relations.
If Russia really listened to Germany's slander and tried to regain hegemony in the North Baltic Sea, it would have to offend the three powers of Britain, France, and Australia in succession.
Just offending Britain and France is already unbearable, not to mention that Australasia is also one of the top three super powers in the world.
The Russians, of course, could see the trap and would not easily accede to the Germans' demands. However, it is true that Russia did not have the intention of offending Germany.
After a long period of deliberation, Russia made its own side demand, which was to occupy the new capital of Poland, Lublin, the largest city in southeastern Poland and the future military center of Russia against Germany.
Although Germany did not want to cede the hard-occupied Lublin, it was not an option to drag it with Russia. Moreover, Russia did not oppose Germany's demands other than Lublin, which Russia specifically requested, which also made the German government determined.
On December 27, 1935, the 13th day of the talks between Germany and Russia, the two sides formally signed the Warsaw Pact, once again joining forces to partition Poland.
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(End of chapter)