Chapter 280: The Charm of New Elements
Edward Witten felt that José must have used a cheat.
In fact, many people in the field of chemistry and physics have been working hard to discover and synthesize element 119, not only because it is a Nobel Prize-level discovery, but also because it is a direct extension of the periodic table.
The most important thing is the reason, or because according to theoretical predictions, quantum effects and relativistic effects play an important role in the chemical properties of these superheavy elements after the periodic table is sorted, and there are almost infinite possibilities.
But after so many years, everyone has done this thing specifically and no one has succeeded.
Qiao Ze, who is engaged in the basic theory of mathematics and physics, suddenly told everyone that he had done it.
What is this not cheating?
Even he can testify that he has been in Joser's office for a week, and with the exception of Friday's briefing, José has been refining his work on gravitons. I haven't been out of the house......
So how exactly are new elements discovered?
"If you can call a particle collider in CERN or another lab, you can choose to use lead or bismuth ions to bombard the target material high-purity titanium......" Qiao Ze was obviously aware of Edward Witten's most doubtful part at this time, and simply said.
However, Edward Witten was clearly not satisfied.
"No, Qiao Ze, the method you said has already been considered, and even done with it. If it were that simple, it would certainly not be enough to find evidence of element 119. Edward Witten, who was excited, directly interrupted Qiao Ze.
Then Qiao Ze chose to simply shut his mouth.
Edward Witten was stunned, then a little annoyed, and said, "I'm sorry, I'm excited. ”
Qiao Ze was silent for a moment, looking at the group of bigwigs who had gathered in front of their table around them, and decided to forgive Edward Witten for this impolite behavior.
Obviously, if he doesn't finish his sentence, these people probably won't leave.
"No, it's because there's no right approach, and the key steps are missing. For example, precise nuclear reaction control through quantum entanglement theory. The preparation required the generation of a pair of quantum-entangled particles, one of which was used as the target material of the target and the other for precise measurement and control, using a high-precision quantum device.
At the same time, in the event of a collision, a synchrotron radiation light source is required to generate a high-energy beam of light to precisely control the quantum state. The high brightness and controllable beam characteristics allow for fine control of the particle collision process. The difficulty lies in maintaining the stability of the entangled quantum state in a high-energy environment, but there are technically complete solutions.
This is the difficulty of crafting element 119. Today is my teacher's wedding, and everyone is back to their respective places. I won't be answering any more questions about element 119 during the wedding reception. ”
Everyone glanced at each other, regardless of whether it was the academicians at the front or the various researchers and professors with hats in the back, no matter how many questions they had in their minds, they could only disperse unwillingly.
There was already displeasure in Qiao Ze's tone.
The little guy has a big temper, and the wedding can give such a gift, so that many people who are not very familiar with the master and apprentice can also experience the deep relationship between master and apprentice.
Especially now that the food has already been served, the bride and groom will soon start toasting, and it is really inappropriate to surround here.
Just this big meal today......
Hey, don't mention it.
……
The hotel specially prepared a lounge for the newlyweds, and after the ceremony was completed, Li Jiangao accompanied Mi Ge to change into a set of clothes for the toast.
At this time, the newcomer was still in a state of confusion.
"Jian Gao, Qiao Ze is ...... today I just saw that the academicians in the audience seemed to be frightened, this naming right is very precious, right? ”
"Well, hey......" Li Jiangao didn't know how to answer, and then sighed.
What can he do?
Element 118, named Oganesson, was named in honor of the Russian nuclear physicist Yuri Oganessian. But he really made a significant contribution to the field of superweight element research, and the element was discovered under his leadership.
Now let him name Element 119 to commemorate the newlyweds......
Li Jiangao admired Qiao Ze's brain.
"How can I say it? The last new element was discovered in 2006, and now 18 years have passed and no new element has been discovered. There are even many who suspect that the Elemental Table has come to an end. If what Qiao Ze said is true, that is, mankind has discovered a new element again after 18 years, do you think this naming right is precious? ”
"Then you have to think of a name, you can't live up to Qiao Ze's heart." Mi Ge said with a smile.
"I ...... There are rules for naming. The side should represent the properties of the element, for example, gas means that gas should be used as a side, metal should be next to metal, and another word should be pronounced. How can you mess with names? ”
"I know, I heard what Qiao Ze said just now. I mean, you better take it. According to your character, José...... Anyway, I can't refuse. ”
Li Jiangao smiled bitterly, took a deep breath and said, "It's okay now, I don't dare to go out to toast." Originally, those people looked at me and made a fuss about it. I'm afraid I'm going to be poured into death today. Yu Chenggong can't stop it. ”
It's quite possible.
Really, jealousy can easily make people unrecognizable!
Everyone is doing research, and even you, Li Jiangao, are still a math researcher, and you haven't spent a day in the lab, so why can you name a brand new element? It's amazing to have a good student.
It's pretty impressive when you think about it.
Hearing this, Mi Ge was also a little worried.
Li Jiangao usually doesn't drink alcohol, and he doesn't drink much. So I have already told the hotel that when the toast is held, the two jugs are full of mineral water.
After all, this is the so-called rule, and liquor and mineral water just look alike.
It's too normal to be drunk by those people.
But soon Mi Ge came up with an idea: "That...... Or I'll talk to Qiao Ze. Wait for you to toast and let him follow you to help you block? I think everyone listens to him, and with him helping you stop him, no one should force you to drink a bar? ”
Li Jiangao thought for a moment, then nodded.
It's a way, and that's the way it can be.
Otherwise, the gang would be so noisy that he wouldn't be able to get out of bed for three days.
A hangover is really terrible for people who don't drink alcohol.
"Okay, I'll go talk to Qiao Ze and tell him to eat quickly. But he actually eats quite quickly. Saying that, Li Jiangao smiled unconsciously.
To be honest, he actually had a bunch of questions in his head at this time that he wanted to ask Qiao Ze.
……
"It's okay, I'm done." When he heard that Uncle Li needed his help, Qiao Ze responded without hesitation.
Coincidentally, José doesn't like to drink either. In his view, drinking alcohol is all self-punishment.
Although Qiao Ze had never been drunk, he knew that it was very uncomfortable to be drunk.
Because he took care of his drunk mother. Learn about the after-effects of drunkenness, such as dry mouth, vomiting, headaches, and more, and how they work behind them.
In particular, alcohol can cause damage to brain cells, and it just so happens that brain cell regeneration is irreversible.
This made Josser's body instinctively resist alcohol.
So naturally, Li Jiangao can't be drunk.
"I'll go too." The next moment, Su Mucheng also stood up.
The girl's mind is more delicate, Qiao Ze is too blunt after all, let him help Uncle Yu and Uncle Li block the wine, maybe he will offend everyone invisibly, she can ease the atmosphere next to her.
So the huge toast group was dispatched in this way.
Li Jiangao finally had the opportunity to whisper a few words with Qiao Ze.
"Qiao Ze, how did you design the new element?"
"Materials Models."
"Model?"
"Yes!"
"Thank you all for coming to our wedding, I won't say more, I respect everyone."
"Come on, come on, congratulations, congratulations, Jiangao, you're drinking in a bar, and you're not allowed to fool people today."
"It's water, my teacher doesn't drink."
"Forehead ......"
"Haha, what Brother Qiao means is that he still has to finalize the naming of the new element with Uncle Li today, so that the paper on the new element can meet you earlier. Uncles and uncles, please forgive me. ”
"Yes, Jiangao can't drink too much today, but I am specially invited to accompany the main escort, this is genuine wine, come on, come on, salute everyone together, and wish our Professor Li a happy wedding." Everyone drink openly, eat well, drink well! ”
……
"Can materials models be used to synthesize new elements?"
"Hmm. First, use the existing database of elements and compounds, combine a series of theories, such as particle functional theory, DFT, etc., to establish a theoretical model of new elements, and predict the basic properties of elements, such as electronic structure, atomic radius, ionic potential, electronegativity, etc......"
"Everybody......
"Jiangao is here...... Don't talk about it, drink, drink. ”
……
"Once you've made a model, then you're simulating?"
"It's pretty much the same, but the data required is huge. Previously, they launched Doudou, based on the particularity of the Doudou database, they can quickly make various comparisons, obtain enough data and add the previous model, and then they can reverse the synthesis method of new elements. Most of the computing power has been doing this lately. ”
"Doesn't that mean it hasn't been verified yet?"
"It can be verified at any time, there is already a complete laboratory program, and according to the comprehensive data comparison of the database, there are a total of six laboratories in the world at this stage that can independently complete the verification of new elements. If you are willing to invest money to update some equipment in the near future, you can expand to 23. ”
"The groom has come to toast, hurry up and ......"
"Teachers can't drink alcohol, they can only replace wine with water."
"Jiangao, I haven't been jealous of anyone in my life, and today I'm really jealous of you. Such a good student, how many lifetimes did you cultivate to find it? ”
"Academician Zhang, you're welcome. I've been thinking about this lately. Probably the ancestors accumulated virtue, right? ”
"By the way, Jozer, can the half-life of the new element really support the detection of laboratory equipment?"
"The Isotope Homeostatic Island Effect."
"Can you control the number of protons and neutrons?"
"Yes! But today is Uncle Li's wedding......"
"I was wrong, build high, don't blame, don't blame ......"
"It's okay, it's okay, then let's go to the next table first......"
……
In this way, after a few halls came down, Li Jiangao poured a stomach of water, and basically knew from Qiao Ze's mouth how the new element was discovered.
Probably no one thought it would be this way before.
Inverse model deduction.
It's no wonder that José has always said that the labs where the activation codes are assigned are rarely imaginative when they use this model.
Li Jiangao was difficult to understand, but he was shocked.
Who would have thought that the materials science model could be reverse-engineered to create new elements?!
If this news spreads, the researchers in the lab who got the activation code will probably cry, right?
Just thinking about the water paper, a proper Nobel Prize, and the opportunity to make the whole laboratory so rich that it no longer needs to think about funding from now on, just slipped through the cracks of his hand.
But then again, listening to Qiao Ze's words, Doudou, who was online in the west before, also made a contribution in this matter.
After all, relying on Huaxia's data alone is not enough.
In short, Li Jiangao doesn't know how to evaluate the whole thing.
I just asked at the end. "Is the paper on the new elements ready?"
Qiao Ze replied, "Well, this kind of paper can be written by Doudou. Available in both Chinese and English, it can be published in New Discoveries in Mathematics and Physics at any time. The paper contains methods for verifying new elements, but omits the section on how to prepare steady-state isotopes for industrial use. ”
"How come homeostatic isotopes are known to be so useful?" Li Jiangao asked.
"More applications haven't had time to be calculated further, but the steady-state isotope of the new element gives up the outer single electron more easily than alkali metals, so it has lower electronegativity and higher reactivity than lithium. It can be given a higher standard electrode potential in a chemical cell, which increases the energy storage density.
So with this steady-state isotope for the electrolyte, single-ion conductive batteries with higher energy storage density and safer have been designed in Doudou's database. This technology will first be applied to our deep-sea unmanned swarm project. ”
Li Jiangao looked at Qiao Ze and panicked even more.
Good guys, not only is it as simple as discovering a new element, but it can also be used directly?! Or is it used in battery technology?
Does this mean that battery technology is going to revolutionize?
Especially for single-ion conductive batteries, although Li Jiangao doesn't know much about the specific principle, it sounds like a cow.
So Li Jiangao subconsciously asked: "Well, the single-ion battery you are talking about, how much stronger is its performance compared with the current lithium battery?" ”
"It's hard to say. At present, the energy density of lithium batteries is 150 to 250 wh/kg, and most of them are 150wh/kg in the general commercial field. According to the current industrial manufacturing level in Huaxia, high-performance single-ion batteries can only be increased to about 700 to 800 wh/kg, which is only three to four times.
But the biggest improvement is actually to make it safer, because this design minimizes the migration of null ions, so that the internal null chemical reaction is close to zero. In addition, the charging time can be shortened, the energy utilization rate is higher, and the service life is higher, which is very useful for deep-sea clusters that have been on missions in the ocean for a long time. ”
"Only three or four times? Do you think this is a lack of improvement? Li Jiangao no longer knows how to evaluate it.
This thing will definitely not be used only in deep-sea cluster projects, and it will definitely be promoted to the civilian field in the future.
Combined with the shortened charging time and higher energy utilization, this technology means nothing if it is used in drones, new energy vehicles, mobile phones and other electronic products.
You must know that for safety reasons, even the battery of new energy vehicles can only reach 150wh/kg.
In other words, after solving the safety problem, this kind of battery will begin to become popular in the future, new energy vehicles with a full battery life of more than 2,000 kilometers, smartphones that only need to be charged once a week, drones with a battery life of more than 10 hours, and large-scale power storage facilities used in power stations......
Li Jiangao felt that he was under more pressure.
Before, Qiao Ze said that he would let him name the new element, in fact, although Li Jiangao was also shocked, he was not too panicked.
Anyway, it's just an academic thing, and at most it will be ridiculed by those researchers.
Who would have thought that this is really not the same thing as the synthesis of a series of new elements!
In fact, due to the half-life, these new elements at the end of the periodic table have not yet found a way to be used in industrial applications in a large area. So not many people know about it, and it doesn't have much impact on the lives of ordinary people.
To put it simply, it takes a lot of effort to synthesize it, and it doesn't take long for it to decay into something else......
For example, -294, which is often used in research, has a half-life of 0.7 milliseconds, and through α decay, it becomes -290, which is element 116 on the periodic table. Similarly, Pygium-290 is also an extremely unstable superheavy element, with an equally short half-life, which decays into Py-286 by α in milliseconds, which is also a laboratory-synthesized man-made element.
This decay will continue until it becomes one of those stable elements on the periodic table.
Therefore, even if these synthetic elements are named after people, they actually have little influence among ordinary people, and few people know about them.
But if the new element has a steady-state isotope, as Qiao Ze said, it doesn't need any other functions, and the mere fact that it can upgrade the energy storage technology is enough for the discoverer to be firmly remembered.
As for the namer......
The first person in history to indirectly influence the development of human science and technology?
"José, ......"
"Huh?"
"Why don't you name it? I don't feel like I can afford it. ”
"It's already delivered."
"Not ......"
"The eighth cycle has just begun, and it's just right for you to name Clan 1."
Li Jiangao didn't know what to say for a while.
The reason for this......
It was only before that it was said that Josser's material model ruined chemistry.
Look, isn't that what this time is?
Chemists can feel motivated again, right?
This eighth cycle begins, and the elements 120, 121, and so on, can be sorted down again.
As long as the bigwigs work hard enough, the future children will need to carry more things.
And if the elements of the eighth cycle group 1 all have isotope steady-state island effect, it means that this is a direction worth studying, and if all new elements in the future have homeostatic isotopes, it means that they can be used industrially, and maybe some miracles can be created.
Oh, and that's probably still a matter for physicists......
After all, chemical physics is still not too clear.
"Or as you say, it's called the Plum Element." Li Jiangao thought for a moment and said.
There are two reasons, the first is the advice that Qiao Ze just gave in public. God knows how many people have taken videos of today's wedding, and after the future spreads, it will also be convenient for everyone to remember.
It's good that when you think of this video, you can remember the name of the element.
The second reason is that Li Zaihuaxia is a big surname, and those battery companies, car companies, and mobile phone manufacturers in the future will ...... He wouldn't be too embarrassed when he mentions that this new element is starting to go wildly promoted.
There are enough people with the surname Li, and everyone can share this blessing, which is good.
As for the English naming, well...... Theoretically, the country in which the element was discovered was entitled to be named, and of course it was necessary to refer to Josser's opinion.
Anyway, it's a big deal!
……
On the other side, Xu Dajiang also struck while the iron was hot, and took advantage of this rare opportunity, when Lu Xiuxiu's in-laws were also there, he started to work for this great mother.
"Path, huh...... It's okay for me to call you that, right? ”
"It's okay, it's okay, you're older than me."
"Haha, then you're welcome. There is a matter that Principal Chen has mentioned to me several times, and that is about your joining the school union as the vice president. Let me talk to you, doing work, I haven't found a suitable opportunity, Mr. Su and Mrs. Su happen to be here today, let's just talk together. ”
"Ah, Dean Xu, it's not that I don't want to be motivated, it's that I really don't understand anything."
"Hey, Xiaolu, I have discussed with Principal Chen, after you join the trade union, you will be mainly responsible for employee relations. In fact, to put it bluntly, it is to care about the lives of school staff and help them fight for some rights and interests, which is nothing more than a short-term matter for parents.
And you think, it's really good to have Qiao Ze in school, and you're in charge of this. Don't believe you, ask Mr. Su? He opened a company, became bigger, and there was a trade union internally. Working in a union is not as complicated as you think. Right, Mr. Su? ”
Su Lixing smiled and said nothing, but he still nodded very face-savingly.
Of course, he knew that this was a ploy by which the school desperately wanted to keep José behind.
If you are not a talent of Qiao Ze's level, you will probably never be able to experience how active and humble the unit can be in order to keep you.
In fact, to put it bluntly, except for some key positions, many positions are not necessary.
Let's put it this way, in the same position, there is not much work, the pressure is not great, and the benefits are good, it can completely depend on who is in that position.
As for the position of vice chairman of the trade union arranged for Lu Xiuxiu, Su Lixing could only say that the school supervisor had put some thought into it.
This location is very well arranged for Lu Xiuxiu, and she doesn't even need to commute to work on time. After all, positions are generally part-time.
As for the responsible employee relations......
Isn't that simple?
Speaking of the trade union, it is for the welfare of employees, the development momentum of Xilin University of Technology is good, and the extra benefits in the future will be released, which is what Vice Chairman Lu will help everyone strive for. During the New Year's holidays, each person gets a shopping card from a nearby supermarket of several hundred yuan, and gives a little more for rice, flour, grain and oil...... There are always people who read Lu Xiuxiu's good.
University professors also have to eat, not to mention a huge administrative system.
It can only be said that those who can work within the institutional framework are human spirits.
Su Lixing was silent, but Mrs. Su beside her didn't have so many scruples, and said: "Mother-in-law, I think Dean Xu is right, this position is really tailored for you." ”
"In that case, when Qiao Ze comes back, I'll ask his opinion." Lu Xiuxiu hesitated.
Hearing this, Xu Dajiang was overjoyed and hurriedly said, "Haha, in fact, I have already asked for you." Qiao Ze said, you can just take your idea, he supports it, then it's decided! ”
Really, at this juncture, such a difficult task has been accomplished, and the person surnamed Chen in the school will definitely not approve of it if he doesn't give him a big credit.
As for Lu Xiuxiu's statement today, it's not too much to let the person surnamed Chen knock him along, right?