Chapter 48: Chance or Necessity of Civilization (3)?
What are the key factors that have led to the creation of civilization?
We believe that, first of all, at the physiological level, the Creator has given human beings a physiological basis that is most suitable for the creation of civilization, human beings have a very strong system of feeling, cognition, memory and thinking, have the ability to understand the essence of things, the mechanism and laws of movement and change, and have the ability to transform the environment, create means and tools, and the thinking and spiritual power of human beings make up for the physiological weaknesses of human beings in the cruel struggle with nature, and ensure that human beings become the king of the biological world in the cruel struggle against nature, and can continue to reproduce. Secondly, human beings can understand things other than matter and physiology, such as the natural laws and laws of nature, factors and mechanisms of action within things, and can recognize spiritual laws and laws such as thoughts, values and souls, so human beings can get rid of material and physiological shackles, think about problems in a purely spiritual way, understand life and the world, and establish a correct world view, outlook on life and values, so as to promote the progress of human civilization.
Mankind's understanding of the laws and laws of nature has enhanced man's ability to overcome and transform nature, and his ability to create the environment, equipment, and tools.
Human beings' understanding of the spiritual world such as the soul has enabled human beings to no longer rely solely on physical feelings, instincts and instincts to live, so that human beings have a spiritual world and spiritual pursuits, and human values have been revolutionarily sublimated.
At the same time, human beings' understanding of the spiritual world such as the soul also promoted the emergence and development of human religion and its causes, and in order to facilitate the operation of religious ceremonies and affairs, theocratic classes such as soothsayers, sorcerers and priests began to emerge. Religion plays a very crucial role in establishing spiritual elements such as the spiritual world, world view, outlook on life and values for human beings, and without religion, thought and spirit are only the preserve of thinkers and prophets.
In the education and practice of religion, human beings learn to revere and worship nature and God, obey the strong and wise, and seek God's will, help, and shelter by offering sacrifices to God. In various religious ceremonies, human artistic talents in dance, singing and music have been fully developed, and artistic experience has enriched the emotional world of human beings, increased human happiness, and increased the meaning and value of human life.
For the secular society, religion is only a spiritual placebo for human beings, religion is only used to alleviate the suffering of human life, and religion has no effect on the growth of human beings and the progress of civilization. Actually, let's imagine, if human beings cannot think beyond material needs and physiological needs, can the world of human thought be purified and stabilized? Can human beings discover the essence, laws, and laws of things? Can humanity find a better way to survive and thrive?
Of course, we do not deny the key role of matter because we emphasize the importance of spirit, because after all, human beings live in the material world, and human beings cannot live a moment without the material foundation!
Therefore, the progress of human civilization will inevitably begin with the acquisition of materials, the creation of tools and methods, and the transformation of the natural environment.
In ancient times, after tens of thousands of years of cognition and thinking about everything in this world, human beings invented tools such as stone tools, bone tools, and wood tools in terms of material creation, including stone knives, stone axes, grinding discs, touching sticks, javelins, bows and arrows and other tools used for gathering, hunting and making food.
Through long-term observation of fire, as well as the understanding of the physical principle of "friction and heat", the ancients invented stable and reliable fire methods such as drilling wood for fire and flint for fire, and at the same time, human beings invented a stove with good ventilation, continuous and stable combustion, which can effectively control the temperature of the furnace, as well as the method of maintaining fire, which can enable human beings to make fire and make fire quickly and efficiently without drilling wood and flint.
The use of fire has greatly improved the production and quality of life of human beings, and the food cooked and steamed is more palatable, more conducive to human digestion and absorption, and at the same time reduces the harm of food viruses to the human body, and it greatly improves human physical fitness and physique.
In the process of using fire, people found that the clay under the fire was burned into a hard block, this cognition is the beginning of human invention of pottery, when people through countless experiments, mastered the selection of materials, washing, precipitation, pulpping, molding, air drying, furnace firing and other pottery production processes, fired a stable quality of pottery, human beings entered the era of fine manufacturing. Pottery has greatly improved human production and life.
The use of fire, as well as the understanding of human ores, led to the exploration and experiment of ore smelting, and thus human beings invented metal smelting technology, lime firing process, charcoal firing process and other early industries related to fire.
In terms of cultural creation, in order to build ships, cars, houses and other large-scale equipment and facilities, the ancients began to involve planning, design, modeling (of course, modeling can be done as a miniature model, can also be completed on drawings), material and accessories prefabrication, assembly and construction technology and other complex work processes, to complete this process, the ancients must have systematic spatial thinking ability and mathematical knowledge, must master the technology and methods of accurate measurement, must have effective processing tools, as long as they can build ships, cars, and houses.
In order to solve the problem of accurate measurement and measurement of large-scale equipment and facilities, the ancients invented the weights and measures system, invented the rules, compasses, lines, hammers and other measuring and positioning tools, as well as the method of measuring and positioning a large area.
At the same time, in order to calculate the spatial parameters of large-scale equipment and facilities, the ancients invented elementary algebra based on addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, and invented geometry. Many materials of the hull skeleton must be pre-selected and dimensioned for material preparation. Soon people calculated the height of any mountain using the principle of similar triangles.
Circle is the most favorite use of a geometric figure by human beings, people in the process of using the circle to realize how the diameter of the circle and the circumference of the existence of a fixed ratio that is pi, and the ancients through repeated measurements will be more and more accurate pi calculation, so that the craftsmen only need to know the diameter of the circle to be able to easily calculate the length of the circumference, for the craftsmen to provide great convenience.
In the development of agriculture, the construction and operation of farmland, villages and cities all involve the measurement and planning of land area, in order to solve these problems, the ancients invented the measurement and calculation method of land area, in order to measure the irregular land area, people invented the equal division measurement sum calculation method, that is, the middle section of each block adopts the rectangular area calculation method, the two ends of the block use the triangle of the cut plan to find its area, the rectangular area of the block plus the area of both ends to obtain the block area, and each block calculates the area in this way, and finally sum to calculate the total area. This method of engineering mathematics laid the foundation for the development of the discipline of calculus for later generations.
Mathematics is the basic method of accurately understanding things, describing and planning things, mathematics not only expands human thinking ability, work ability and creativity, but also greatly expands human ability to understand the world and things, mathematics is the foundation of all sciences, since human beings understand mathematics, human beings begin to look at the world and the future with precision and rigor attitude and style of action.
At present, there is a consensus among human beings that five factors, including food (the ability to obtain stable and abundant food), tools (the ability and methods of making tools and supplies), language, writing, and fire (the ability to heat and burn food, smelt metals, and make new materials), determined the height of early human civilization.
After human beings have completed their self-knowledge, human beings have been constantly thinking about a question: Are our thoughts and civilization left to us by God, that is, super-intelligent people? Will God still help us in the future? The first question we have already answered in the previous chapters, and again we will not repeat it.
Now let's come back to the second question. If God does exist, human beings will never be out of God's sight, which means that God has always been concerned about everything about human beings and the earth. But for the gods, human beings are just an ordinary creation of them, so the gods will not pay special attention to and help human beings, human history proves that human beings basically rely on their own strength and wisdom to overcome all kinds of disasters, overcome all kinds of difficulties, and God's help to human beings only appears in mythological stories. In the future, God will not be able to help mankind because God does not care about human feelings and fate.
In ancient times, human beings have seen and heard, pursued and dreamed, and expressed their life experience and spiritual experience through painting, dance, singing and storytelling, etc., these primitive ideas and art laid the foundation for future generations to design religious ceremonies, compose mythological stories, and plan artistic life paths.
In the following chapters, we will tell the story of the development of human civilization starting from the last ice age.
During the last ice age, due to the extreme cold and drought of the earth, humans were confined to crowded tropical areas. In this process, mankind has experienced major natural disasters such as severe volcanic eruptions and major earthquakes, and mankind is facing extinction crises in many places. Human beings have experienced the warming of the Ice Age, the rise of sea level, the outbreak of land inundation, and the outbreak of major floods, which led to the great migration of human beings to all parts of the world, forming a large pattern of human race and population distribution in the world, and then triggering the great development and prosperity of human society and human civilization.
Human history proves that human beings have relied on their own strength and wisdom to develop human civilization step by step in a primitive and ignorant state. In the primitive era, human beings lived a life of lack of clothing and food, and in the face of diseases and disasters, many ancients were frightened, overwhelmed, struggling in pain, and despairing.
Today, mankind has entered an era of high civilization, where people have abundant food and clothing to choose from, hospitals with perfect medical conditions to treat diseases, and perfect social management and service institutions, which can give people safety and security, and help people cope with emergencies and disasters.
At the same time, modern people can also take planes for intercontinental travel, take high-speed rail shuttles between cities, people and relatives and friends thousands of miles away through mobile phone video communication, by scanning the code for electronic payment, to get the goods and services they want, so that human beings to pursue freedom and happiness dreams have been fulfilled a lot.
Civilization is still progressing, as long as human beings continue to dream, in the future, human beings will go out of the earth and the solar system, into the boundless universe, to achieve the ultimate goal of human beings to achieve freedom, happiness, eternal life and bliss!