Chapter 188: "Sino-Japanese Reconciliation Regulations"

On September 23, 1870, Yanagihara Maemitsu, the Japanese foreign minister, arrived in Tianjin on an American merchant ship.

When Li Hongzhang, the governor of Zhili, heard about it, he immediately said: The Japanese people of Fujin, that is, the Japanese of the Ming Dynasty, are far away from the west and close to China. If I have self-reliance, I will be attached to me, and I will see the shortcomings and lengths of the Westerners; If I can't improve myself, I will follow the example of the other and share the benefits of the Westerners. In recent years, the Japanese have grown up with Britain and France.

The Empress Dowager Cixi took over and said: What does the sixth master mean?

Prince Gong said: The people of the Japanese country are cold by nature, and they must be cautious when dealing with them.

Empress Dowager Ci'an said: Sima Guang once said: The Japanese country, knowing small etiquette but no great righteousness, being restrained and not having great virtue, emphasizing the end of the festival and being light and shameful, fearing authority but not virtue, the strong will rob the robber, and the weak will be humble.

Empress Dowager Cixi said: Although the people of this Japanese country are exclusive to tricks, they should not be gullible. However, the small state of Raner is also a state. Li Hongzhang, the governor of Zhili, negotiated on the spot, and the request of the Japanese people to make a contract was not allowed for the time being.

When the Japanese foreign affairs minister Yanagihara Qianguang got the news, he immediately met with Li Hongzhang, and after several polite words, Yanagihara Qianguang said: Britain, France, the United States, and Russia are strong in trade with our country, and I am unwilling, and it is difficult to resist alone. However, China is the closest to China, and it is advisable to get along first, so as to work together.

Yanagihara Qianguang was polite and respectful, and Li Hongzhang said happily like a spring breeze: China and Japan are good-neighborly and friendly, and have a long history; I immediately ask my emperor to conclude a contract as soon as possible.

The next day, Li Hongzhang sent a letter to Prince Gong Yixun on the grounds that the Japanese kingdom was close to his elbows, and that he would always be in trouble with Middle Earth, and that he might use it for me, and that if he refused, he would send a letter to Prince Gong Yixun.

Yi Xun refused it with great faith.

The contract was not concluded. Yanagihara maeko walked away.

Li Hongzhang was stupid and sent a letter to Zeng Guofan, the governor of Liangjiang; The teacher is like a meeting, the former rebellion is rampant, Jiangsu and Zhejiang are eroded, the Westerners are coerced, and the Japanese people do not take the opportunity to make a contract at that time, and they do not take advantage of the danger to ask for a contract, which can also be seen that their peace of mind is turned into a solution. Our country has opened and closed the acceptance of guests, regardless of the distance of the strong or weak guests to receive, no exception can be refused. The Japanese country is close to the elbow armpit, and it will always be the trouble of the Middle Earth, and it will be used by me, and it will be my enemy if it refuses, and it will be good neighborly and friendly with its country, and it can be combined as foreign aid, and do not let the Westerners rely on the foreign government and make many enemies for the West.

Zeng Guofan received the letter, and he had several letters with Li to discuss them, and said: Wen Wei Guo has made a contract with the Westerners, purchased machine warships, imitated guns and railways, and sent people to the West to learn various skills, and his ambition is to strengthen himself to resist insults. It is close to China and far to the west. Whoever envelops it may use it for my use, and if it refuses, it will be my enmity. In the future, after a decision has been made with them, it may be advisable for the Minister of Nanyang Trade to appoint a person from the nearest place to take people from Jiangsu and Zhejiang who are familiar with the situation in the East to be stationed in the capital or Nagasaki Island of that country, so as to control the merchants and people of our country, so as to detect the movements of the other people, and try to contact and contain them, so as to eliminate the troubles and be in peace forever.

The Empress Dowager Cixi took over and said: I am a vast country, lenient and tolerant, and the matter of signing a contract with the Japanese will be granted. If the Japanese state sends personnel to start the discussion at that time, there may be a lot of delays in the hurry, so it is better to take advantage of its future and discuss it calmly. Li Hongzhang, the governor of Zhili, was the minister plenipotentiary, and Chen Qin and Ying Shibao were the assistants, and on the same day they carefully polished the "Draft of the Regulations for Consultation" of the Japanese people, in order to eliminate the false and retain the true.

Li Hongzhang observed the "Draft of the Regulations for Consultation" and said: The Japanese people copied all the covenants of the Westerners, which is very contrary to the hope of our country. The most favored nation treatment is ridiculous! The Emperor is the leader of the Japanese people, what does it have to do with me! The contracts signed in recent years are very chilling, and this time it is necessary to replace the contract with regulations.

On July 23, 1871, Date Sojo, Minister Plenipotentiary and Minister of Great Treasure, arrived in Tianjin, negotiated with Li Hongzhang for more than a month, bowed his head and agreed to comply with the 18 articles proposed by Li Hongzhang, and signed the "Sino-Japanese Reconciliation Regulations".

The rules and regulations say: The friendship between the Great Qing Dynasty and the Japanese State has been in harmony with each other for many years, and it is necessary to use the Minister Plenipotentiary of the Great Qing Dynasty to handle trade affairs, the Prince Taibao to assist in the establishment of the University Soldiers' Department, the Governor of Zhili, the Governor's Department, the First Class Su Yi Bo Li, and the Minister Plenipotentiary of the Japanese Imperial Mission, from the two Treasurer Date of the Imperial Minister, each in accordance with the decree of the Commonwealth, and the public meeting to make a peace of mind, in order to abide by each other's faithfulness and lasting for a long time. All agreed articles are listed on the left:

First, the friendship between the Qing Dynasty and Japan is endless. That is, the territories to which the two countries belong should also treat each other with courtesy, and they should not invade each other in the slightest, so as to gain permanent security.

Article 2: Since the two countries have a good economic relationship, they will be concerned about each other. If there is occasional injustice or contempt in another country, once it is known, it is necessary to help one another, or to reconcile it with kindness, so as to strengthen friendship.

Article 3: The prohibitions on the political affairs of the two countries have their own similarities and differences, and their political affairs should be subject to their own autonomy, and neither side may conspire to interfere or force them to be initiated. The prohibition should also help each other, and the merchants should not be tempted to violate the slightest violation.

Article 4: Both countries may send ministers with their dependents and dependents to be stationed in Beijing. Or stay in one place for a long time, or travel at any time, passing through various places in the mainland, all expenses are at your own expense. The leased foundation house is used as the minister's residence, and the luggage exchange and special delivery must be properly taken care of.

Article 5 Although the officials of the two countries have fixed products, their appointments are different. If each other is in equal hands, the meeting will be transferred to the text, and the parallel ceremony shall be used. When the lowly and the official meet, they will salute politely. In the event of official business, a note will be sent to the official who is in charge of the same position, and there is no need to go through. If you pay homage to each other, you will use the official position and name post. When the two countries send personnel to the post for the first time, they must send the printed text for inspection to prevent counterfeiting.

Article 6 In the future, official documents between the two countries shall be translated into Chinese, or only in Chinese, and shall be used in Japanese in China, and shall be translated into Chinese, or only in Chinese, as shall be the convenience.

Article 7 After the two countries are well connected, all coastal ports shall designate places for each other to allow merchants to come and go for trade, and shall establish separate trade regulations so that the merchants and people of the two countries may abide by them forever.

Article 8 Each of the two countries shall designate each other, and each may appoint a director to bind the merchants and citizens of the two countries. All cases of negotiation of property litigation shall be brought to trial, and each shall be handled in accordance with the laws and regulations of its own country. The businessmen of the two countries complained to each other, and both used their own complaints. The councillor shall first persuade the court to make no lawsuit. If not, a note is sent to the magistrate to make a fair judgment. The local officials of the two countries can only investigate and prosecute the cases of theft and arrears, and cannot compensate for them.

Article 9 If there is no governor in the designated ports of the two countries, the people who trade shall be under the supervision of the magistrates. If the crime is charged, it is allowed to investigate on the one hand, and inform the case to the nearby councillors on the other hand, and judge it according to the law.

Article 10 The officials and businessmen of the two countries shall be allowed to employ local civilians to serve and work in each designated port, to manage trade, and so on, and their employers shall restrain them at all times, and shall not use the excuse to deceive others, and in particular, shall not listen to private words and cause trouble. If a crime is committed, it is allowed to be investigated and interrogated by the magistrates, and the employer is not allowed to show favoritism.

Article 11 The businessmen and citizens of the two countries shall communicate with each other at designated ports, and each shall be friendly and friendly, and shall not carry knives and weapons. And each must do his part. Regardless of the length of residence, they are subject to the jurisdiction of the governor of their own country. It is not allowed to change the clothes and take the naturalization test, which will cause confusion.

Article 12 A person who absconds to any part of another country because he has violated the law of this country shall try to find out and not show favoritism as soon as that country finds out and sends a note to that country. When they are released and delivered, they are to be given food and clothing along the way, and they are not to be abused.

Article 13 If the people of the two countries collude with bandits to become bandits or thieves at designated ports, or sneak into the interior and set fire to murder and rob people, the magistrates at each port shall strictly arrest them on their own and inform the magistrates of the case on the other hand, and if they dare to resist arrest with a murder weapon, they shall be allowed to be killed. However, the murder must be examined together with the councillor. If the incident occurs in the mainland and fails to be inspected, the magistrate will check the truth by the director of the note. Those who are brought to the case are to be tried and handled by the magistrates in each case in conjunction with the council members. In the mainland, the magistrate will try the case on his own and check the case with a note to the council officer. If the people of that country gather together in another country to cause nuisance, and the number of them is not more than ten, and if they induce the people of that country to do harm to the people of that country, they shall be investigated by the officials of that country. Those who are in each place are informed of the council member for trial, and those in the mainland are verified by the magistrate, and the note is checked by the council officer, all of which are in the criminal local law.

Article 14 The purpose of the designated ports for the exchange of military vessels between the two countries is to protect the merchants and people of the two countries. All coastal ports that have not been designated, as well as inland rivers, lakes and branch ports, are not allowed to enter, and violators will be intercepted and punished, except for those who take refuge in danger due to wind, except for this case.

Article 15 In the future, if the two countries have any use of troops with other countries, they shall be informed immediately, and the ports shall suspend trade and the entry and exit of ships so as not to cause damage. In normal times, the Japanese are not allowed to fight and rob each other with countries of discord at designated ports in Japan and the nearby oceans, and Chinese are not allowed to fight and rob each other at designated ports in Japan and nearby oceans.

Article 16 Neither of the two countries shall be concurrently engaged in trade, nor shall they be concurrently serving as directors of any other country without an agreement. If there is no harmony between the people, and there is solid evidence, both sides can write to the ministers and find out and withdraw, so as not to hurt the friendship between the two countries because of one person's misdeeds.

Article 17 The flags of the ships of the two countries have their own fixed formulas, and if the ships of the other country counterfeit the flags of the other country and commit illegal acts privately, the cargo ships shall be fined to the officials, and if the inspection officials are issued to them, they shall be withdrawn immediately. As for the books of the two countries, they should be allowed to buy from each other as they wish.

Article 18 and the rules and regulations agreed upon by the two countries are all precautionary measures, so as to avoid occasional suspicions, and to emphasize the way of faith and reconciliation to the fullest. For this reason, the plenipotentiary ministers of the two countries first drew the seal and sealed it, and after the exchange of the imperial pens of the two countries was approved, it was immediately published and circulated everywhere, so that the officials and people of each other would know and abide by it, and it would always be good.

July 29, 10th year of Tongzhi

July 29, Meiji 4