History doesn't stand up to scrutiny.

In a trance, when Emperor Wen of Han was the son of heaven, it seemed to have returned to the years of the dispute between Chu and Han.

The dispute between Chu and Han, also known as the Chu-Han War, Chu-Han Struggle, Chu-Han Struggle, Chu-Han War, etc., is a large-scale war between the two groups of Xiang Yu, the overlord of Western Chu, and Liu Bang, the king of Han, in order to compete for political power.

The dispute between Chu and Han ended with the defeat of Xiang Yu and the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty by Liu Bang.

Mainly participated in the battle of Fang Chu, also known as Western Chu, Han.

Other participating parties were Yong, Sai, Zhai, Han, Western Wei (Wei), Changshan (Zhao), Dai, Qi, Henan, Yin, Jiujiang (Huainan), Minyue, Jianchenghou Pengyue, Chen Yu, Han Xin, Linjiang and so on.

In the 37th year of Qin Shi Huang (210 BC), Qin Shi Huang died of illness in the sand dunes (now northwest of Guangzong, Hebei), and the CRRC government ordered Zhao Gao and others to launch a coup d'état in the sand dunes, and Jiao Zhao gave the eldest son Fusu and the general Meng Tian to death, and set up the young son Hu Hai as the second emperor. Qin II Hu Hai was mediocre and lewd, and Zhao Gao was authoritarian and disorderly, endowed with heavy benefits, and had no end in his revolt, which made the world more and more tired and the people miserable. Ten years of tyranny eventually led to a great peasant uprising at the end of the Qin Dynasty. In July of the first year of Qin II (209 BC), Chen Sheng and Wu Guang first launched the Daze Township Uprising and established the "Zhang Chu" regime. In September, Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu's uncles and nephews launched the Huiji Uprising after Xiang Yan, the former general of the Chu State, and Xiang Liang called himself Wu Xinjun. After the failure of the peasant uprising of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang. In February of the second year of Qin II (208 BC), Xiang Liang summoned the leaders of the rebel armies from all walks of life in Chu to discuss matters in Xue County (now Tengzhou, Shandong), and Liu Bang also led his troops to join Xiang Liang. At that time, Yan, Zhao, Qi, and Wei had already established themselves as kings, so Xiang Liang adopted Fan Zeng's suggestion and established Sun Xiongxin, the former king of Chu Huai, as the king, and was still called "King Chu Huai", and the capital was Xutai (now Xuyi, Jiangsu). In August, the supreme commander of the Qin army, the general Zhang Han, after attacking and killing the anti-Qin leaders Wei Wangjiao and Qi Wang Tian Dan, launched the Battle of Dingtao with Xiang Liang. Xiang Liang was killed in battle because of the light enemy. Zhang Han then thought that Chu was no longer enough to worry, so he led his troops north to attack Zhao, besieged the king of Zhao and rested in Julu (now Pingxiang Township, southwest of Hebei Province), and the king of Zhao asked for help from the princes ("Historical Records: Gaozu Benji"). Zhang Han broke Xiang Liangjun. The whole state of Chu was very frightened. Liu Bang and Xiang Yu abandoned Chen Liu. Led the army back east. October of the second year of Qin II. King Huai of Chu moved his capital to Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu), and Xiang Yu and Lü Chen's army were self-generals, with Lü Chen's father Lü Qing as the upper pillar of the state, and Liu Bang, the Duke of Fengpei, as the Marquis of Wu'an. He served as the magistrate of Dangjun and led the soldiers of Dangjun County, and sealed Xiang Yu as the Marquis of Chang'an, known as Duke Lu. Then, Chu divided his troops into two routes, all the way north to rescue Zhao, and all the way west to attack Qin. With Song Yi as the general, known as the "Qingzi Champion", Xiang Yu as the second general, Fan Zeng as the last general, and went north to rescue Zhao, while Liu Bang collected Xiang Liang and Chen Sheng's scattered troops, and on this basis, he went west to attack Qin. King Huai made a covenant with the generals: "The king who enters the customs first". Before Liu Bangxi's expedition, he first went north to collect Xiang Liang San, and broke the Qin general Wang Li and Dongjun Wei in Dongjun. He also attacked Changyi and went west after several defeats and began his westward expedition. After several months of fighting, Yu Qin II entered the suburbs of Xianyang in October of the third year, and broke the Qin army at Lantian, and Prince Ying of Qin surrendered to Liu Bang. The Qin Dynasty fell. Liu Bang entered Xianyang, eliminated Qin's harsh law, and made three chapters of the law with the father and elder of Guanzhong. In December of the third year of Qin II, Xiang Yu killed the champion of Qingzi, seized his military power, led the army north to save Zhao, broke the Qin army in the battle of Julu, and then broke the Qin army, and finally the Qin general Zhang Han surrendered. Xiang Yu was the "general of the princes" and led the army of the princes into the pass. Meet Liu Bang in Hongmen, this is the famous Hongmen banquet in history. After the Hongmen banquet, Xiang Yu entered the slaughter of Xianyang, killed the Qin clan, burned the Qin palace room, and plundered Guanzhong.

Xiang Yu led the Chu army on the northern route to annihilate the main force of the Qin army by more than 40 thousand in one fell swoop in the Battle of Julu, and made the greatest contribution to himself, and achieved the status of a general of the princes, commanding the troops of the princes, and his strength was strong. At the same time, Liu Bang led another Chu army led by the righteous army also turned to Henan, surrendered and rebelled, repeatedly broke the Qin army, and entered the customs first to accept the surrender of Qin Ziying. According to the covenant of King Chu Huai "the king who enters the customs first", Liu Bang wants to be the king in the pass. Xiang Yu also led more than 400,000 princes' troops to Guanzhong. Xiang Yu thought that he had high merit and was strong, so he divided the world by himself, and refused to make Liu Bang, who entered the customs first, the king of Guanzhong, and renamed him to Hanzhong (county rule Nanzheng, now Hanzhong, Shaanxi) as the king, Wang Bashu, Hanzhong three counties, causing Liu Bang to be dissatisfied. and appointed the three generals of Qin to be King Yong, King Sai and King Zhai respectively, to supervise and besiege Liu Bang. At the same time, Qi Xiang Tian Rong did not get the seal because he did not enter the customs from Xiang Yu, and he was also very dissatisfied with Xiang Yu's three points of land. And Chen Yu, the former general of Zhao Guo, thought that he was waiting with Zhang Ergong, Zhang Er was the prince and the king, and he was only dissatisfied with the three counties of the liehous, and he was also dissatisfied with Xiang Yu's expulsion of the late king Zhao Xie.

In October of the first year of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang entered Bashang (now southeast of Xi'an City, Shaanxi), Prince Ying of Qin surrendered, and the Qin Dynasty perished. According to the agreement between the "alliance leader" of the anti-Qin rebel army, King Chu Huai, and the world "the king who enters the pass first", Liu Bang should be called the king of Guanzhong, and heard that Xiang Yu wanted to establish a chapter in Guanzhong and be called King Yong, so he sent troops to garrison Hangu Pass (now the north of Nanzhai Village in the southeast of Lingbao Old City, Henan) to prevent the princes from entering the pass. At the same time, it was announced that the harsh government of the Qin Dynasty would be abolished, and the "three chapters of the law" with the fathers and elders of Guanzhong: "The murderer dies, the wounded and the thief is punished". Xiang Yu thinks that he has the most credit. However, when victory was imminent, Liu Bang was the first to enter the pass, seized the fruits of victory, and naturally became angry, so he led more than 400,000 princes' troops into the pass. In December of the first year of the Han Dynasty, Xiang Yu ordered Yingbu to break through Hangu Pass and enter Xinfeng Hongmen (now Lintongdong, Shaanxi), intending to eliminate Liu Bang's army. Liu Bang's army was less than 100,000, and he expected that he would not be able to defeat him, so he returned to the army, and tried his best to win over Xiang Yu's uncle Xiang Bo to mediate, and went to Hongmen to apologize, show sincerity, and express his submission, Xiang Yu's determination was shaken and Liu Bang was released. A few days later, Xiang Yu led his troops west to Xianyang, killed the prince of Qin, and burned the palace, and the fire was not extinguished for three months. Shi Hansheng advised Xiang Yu: "Guanzhong blocks the mountains and rivers, and the land is fertile, but they are all tyrannical." Xiang Yu said: "Wealth and nobility do not return to their hometown, such as embroidering clothes at night, who knows!" So he killed the admonisher and gave up the good choice of building the capital and Guanzhong.

Xiang Yu wrote to Emperor Yi to ask for the title of meritorious hero, and King Huai replied "as promised". Xiang Yu was furious and disobeyed the orders of Emperor Yi. Self-separation. In February of the first year of the Han Dynasty (206 BC), Xiang Yu honored King Huai of Chu as the righteous emperor and set up eighteen princes. And cut the nine counties of Liang Chu from the king, called "the overlord of Western Chu". In April, the princes and soldiers quit and went to their own country. Xiang Yu named Liu Bang as the king of Han, and on the grounds of "Ba and Shu are also in the middle of the country", he was named Liu Bang, and Liu Bang bribed Xiang Bo and asked for Hanzhong. It was based on Liu Bangding's capital Nanzheng (now Hanzhong, Shaanxi). The Guanzhong region was divided into three parts, and the generals Zhang Han, Sima Xin, and Dong Peng were King Yong, King Sai, and King Zhai respectively. Collectively known as the "Three Qins". Trying to control Guanzhong through them, Liu Bang was trapped in the Bashu region of Hanzhong.

Liu Bang was renamed to Hanzhong, and at first he did not want to go to the country and sought to attack Xiang Yu. Xiao Hejin said: "The Han water should be the heavenly Han." Hanzhong. According to the tangible victory. Advance can be attacked, retreated, and defended, and Qin has the world with it." Liu Bang then adopted Xiao He's suggestion and succumbed to the title of King of Han. Recruiting talents to map the world, and at the same time determined the use of Ba (county governance of Jiangzhou, now the north bank of the Jialing River in the north of Chongqing City), Shu (county governance of Chengdu, now Chengdu, Sichuan), but also set the three Qin, east to fight for the world strategy. In April, Ren went to Hanzhong (Junzhi Nanzheng, now the east of Hanzhong City) to take up the country, and Zhang Liang also returned to Korea to take up the post of Han Minister. On the way to Han, Liu Bang burned the plank road he crossed to prevent the princes' army from sneaking attack, and used this to show that he had no intention of going east, so as to paralyze Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu also studied with Peng Cheng at the same time. After arriving in Hanzhong, Xiang Yu's halberd Lang Zhong Han Xin abandoned Chu and returned to Han because he was not reused. Later, after Xiao He's recommendation, he was appointed as a general in May of the first year of the Han Dynasty. Liu Bang actively prepared for returning to Guanzhong.

In April of the first year of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C.), the princes boycotted the drama and went to their own country. Han Wangcheng was ineffective, and Han Xiang Zhang Liang and Liu Bang were kind, so Xiang Yu left him in Pengcheng and demoted him to a marquis. Therefore, Han Guang, the king of Yan, was unwilling to migrate to Liaodong, and the new king of Yan, Zang Di, attacked and killed him endlessly, and his country. In May, Qi Xiang Tian Rong was dissatisfied with Xiang Yu's separation, and attacked the new Qi king Tiandu, and Tiandu ran to Chu. The original king of Qi, the new Jiaodong Wang Tian City was afraid of Xiang Yu, went to Jiaodong to take up the country, Tian Rong was angry, chased and killed, and then established himself as the king of Qi, and soon attacked and killed Tian An, the king of Jibei. In this way, Tian Rong struck and joined the three Qi, and gave General Peng Yue the seal, so that he could attack Chu. In October of the second year of the Han Dynasty, Zhao general Chen Yu was dissatisfied with Xiang Yu's separation, borrowed troops from Tian Rong, the king of Qi, and attacked Zhang Er, the king of Changshan, together with his soldiers from three counties, and Zhang Er was defeated and returned to Han. Chen Yu Yingli was the king of Zhao, and he was the king of Zhao, and he was the king of Zhao, and he ordered Xia to say that he was the same as the king, and he left the king of Zhao to help. In the same month, Xiang Yu himself rebelled and secretly ordered Wang Ying of Jiujiang to kill Emperor Yi in Chenxian County.

Tian Rong attacked and Qi as the king of Qi, and gave General Peng Yue a seal to oppose Liang Di, Xiang Yu was very angry. Liu Bang took the opportunity of Xiang Yu's lack of time to look west and the three Qin kings to gain an unstable foothold, "making decisions in Dongxiang (Xiang) and fighting for power in the world". Ordered Xiao He to collect the rent of Ba and Shu to supply the army, and was strongly recommended by Xiao He, appointed Han Xin as the general, and led tens of thousands of troops with Cao Shen as the forward, and actively deployed eastward. In August, the Han army sneaked out of the old road (named after the water of the old road, and ruled the west of Beifeng Prefecture, Feng County, Shaanxi) with Han Xin's strategy of "repairing the plank road in the Ming Dynasty and Chencang in the dark", and the soldiers went to Chencang [2] (now Baoji, Shaanxi), attacked Yongguo, and entered the siege of Zhanghan's army in Yongdu Ruin Hill (now southeast of Xingping, Shaanxi). In the same month, Sima Xin, the king of Sai, and Dong Peng, the king of Zhai, surrendered to Han. After that, from August to November of the second year of the Han Dynasty, Longxi (Junzhi Didao, now Lintao South, Gansu), Beidi (Junzhi Yiqu, now northwest of Ningxian County, Gansu), Shangjun (County Zhifushi, now Yulin Yuhebao, Shaanxi), so that only Yongwang Zhanghan was left in Guanzhong to guard the ruinous hills, and the others belonged to the Han Dynasty. In October, he ordered Xue Ou and Wang to suck out of Wuguan (now southeast of Danfeng, Shaanxi), because the army of Nanyang Wang Ling, wanted to welcome Liu Bang's dependents in the east, but was blocked by the Chu army in Yangxia (now Taikang, Henan).

Xiang Yu heard that Liu Bang had annexed the Three Qin and was preparing to march east to attack Chu, while Qi and Zhao had rebelled, and were furious, killing Han Wangcheng, and establishing the original Wu County (Huiji County Administration, now Suzhou, Jiangsu) county to make Zheng Chang the king of Han to resist the Han army. Zhang Liang was the prime minister of Han, Han Wangcheng was killed and returned to the Han Dynasty, and when he went to Xiang Yushu, he said, "The king of Han is derelict in his duties, and he wants to get Guanzhong, so he will stop as promised, and he will not dare to go east." "And Qi and Liang Di will reverse the book" Qi wants to destroy Chu with Zhao. "Present it to Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu also used Qi Liang to get close to Chu, and Peng Yue killed Xiao Gongjiao before he broke it, and Tian Rong and Peng Yue's threat was closer, so he had no intention of looking west, so he adopted the strategic policy of "Qi first and then Han", so he did not save Zhang Han, but went north to attack Qi. Tian Rong heard that Xiang Yu was attacking Qi and led the army to meet the attack, but the result was a big defeat. He was defeated and took the plain, and the people of the plain killed Tian Rong and lowered Xiang Yu. However, Xiang Yu adopted a wrong policy, not only did not summon him, but instead angered Tian Rong, angered the Qi people, wantonly slaughtered, and was destroyed. So the Qi people rebelled one after another, and Xiang Yu ran in Qidi, but it was far from being able to extinguish the fire of Qidi. Tian Rong's younger brother Tian Heng took the opportunity to resurrect in Chengyang (now Ju County, Shandong), and Tian Rongzi, Tian Guang, became the king of Qi, appointed himself as the prime minister of Qi, and attacked the Chu army with back and forth. Xiang Yu was trapped for a while and couldn't extricate himself. Xiang Yuqi fought in a stalemate, and Liu Bang also went to Shaanxi (now Shaanxi County, Henan) in October of the second year of the Han Dynasty. And Zheng Chang, the king of Xinhan, was very weak in Korea, and soon surrendered to Han. In November, Han Li Han Xin (Han Wang Xin) became the king of Han. So Xiang Yu sent an envoy to Yingbu to recruit troops, but Yingbu only used the old and weak to perfunctory, Xiang Yu was deeply dissatisfied with this, and sent several envoys to reprimand.

In the spring of the second year of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang took advantage of Xiang Yu's inability to withdraw from Qi and personally led his army from Hangu Pass out of Shaanxi County (now west of Sanmenxia City, Henan) to the east. Forced to land the king of Henan, Shenyang, and Xiang Yu's newly sealed Han king Zhengchang, and the Western Wei king Wei Bao, led his army to annex, and then captured Sima Wei, the king of Yin, and quickly occupied the vast areas of present-day Henan and the central and southern parts of Shanxi. This has led to a favorable situation for eastward expansion. April of the second year of the Han Dynasty (205 BC). Liu Bang went to Luoyang and accepted Dong Gong's suggestions that "the soldiers are nameless, and the accident will not be successful", and "it is clear that he is a thief, and the enemy can be subdued". [3] Xiang Yu killed Emperor Yi as the truth. Avenging the righteous emperor is a political call. The three armies were mourned, and for three days, a proclamation was issued to the whole country: "The world will establish a righteous emperor." The North Side Thing. This time, Xiang Yu let go of the righteous emperor in Jiangnan, and there was no way to go against it. The widows mourned in person, and the princes were all vegetarians. Xifa Guan's internal soldiers, willing to kill the righteous emperor from the princes and kings of Chu" to contact the princes and kings of various places, and lead the headquarters and the princes of Sai, Zhai, Wei, Zhao, and Dai to attack Chu with 560,000 troops, and capture Pengcheng, the capital of Chu, in one fell swoop. After Xiang Yu learned about it, the remaining troops would continue to attack Qi and lead 30,000 elite soldiers to gallop south. At that time, Liu Bang and other princes had entered Pengcheng, received their goods and beauties, and placed wine at a high meeting. Xiang Yu took Liu Bang to revel in victory, when the vigilance was lax, he led the army around to the west of Pengcheng, launched a surprise attack in the early morning, fought until noon, broke the Han army, the Han army fled in the direction of Surabaya, the Chu army pursued closely, killed more than 100,000 Han troops, and pursued until Lingbi (now Lingbi County, Anhui) East Suishui, the Han army crowded with each other, trampled, and the Chu army pursued and killed, the Han army more than 100,000 people entered the water, and the water did not flow. In this battle, the Han army was annihilated hundreds of thousands, Liu Bang was almost captured, only led dozens of cavalry to break out of the encirclement, fled back to Xingyang (now Guxing Town, northeast of Xingyang, Henan), after this battle, the vitality of the Han army was greatly damaged. Although Xiang Yu won the battle of Pengcheng, the battle of Qidi was unfavorable. When he led his army to attack the alliance of princes, Tian Heng collected all the land. However, after Tian Heng restored the country, he did not attack Chu, but neutralized between Chu and Han until Li Shiqi said it.

Liu Bang was defeated at Pengcheng and fled to Xiayi. His father, Liu Taigong, mother, Liu Yuan, and his wife, Lu Pheasant, were captured by the Chu army and taken hostage. Seeing Liu Bang's defeat, the princes switched to Xiang Yu, and Sima Xin, the king of Sai, and Dong Peng, the king of Zhai, entered Chu as generals. Zhao found that the Han did not kill Zhang Er, and the Zhao soldiers retreated to become enemies of the Han, and the alliance gathered by the Han king Liu Bang suddenly collapsed. When Lü's brother Zhou Lühou lived in Xiayi, Liu Bang collected stragglers after his arrival. Zhang Liang also went to Xiayi and planned the next step with Liu Bang in Xiayi. Zhang Liang said: "Jiujiang Wang Duobu, Chu Xiao General, and Xiang Wang have a gap; Peng Yue and Qi Wang Tian Rong rebelled against Liang Di: these two people can be urgent. And the general of the Han Dynasty can be a big deal, one side. That is, if you want to donate it, donate these three people, and Chu Ke can break it. Liu Bang adopted Zhang Liang's suggestion. Liu Bang passed through Xiayi, and the strategist went to talk about King Ying of Jiujiang with He self-recommendation. Liu Bang also went to Xingyang

In June 205 BC, the Han army attacked the waste hill, and Yongwang Zhanghan committed suicide after resisting for ten months. At the same time, Yingbu fought with Long, and could not win, and he went to see Liu Bang, and the Chu army took Jiujiang. Liu Bang collected his soldiers and joined the reinforcements sent by Xiao He in Guanzhong, plus Han Xin rushed to rendezvous, Xiang Yu led the Chu army to pursue him, and the Han army defeated the Chu army between "Jingxian" (near Jingxiangcheng Village, Yulong Town, Xingyang, Zhengzhou, Henan) and "Suoting" (now Suohe Street, Xingyang, Henan), and pushed Xiang Yu's Chu army back to the east of Xingyang. This is the Battle of Kyosuo. In the Battle of Jingsuo, the Han army stabilized its position, and the Chu army was unable to break through the Han army's defense line to attack Guanzhong. The two sides have always begun to fight in the Xingcheng area, and the war has entered a phase of stalemate.

In the Battle of Jingsuo, the Han army defeated the Chu army, Xiang Yu retreated to the east of Xingyang, and the Han army could not cross Xingyang to the east. Chu and Han held each other in Xingyang. In August of the second year of the Han Dynasty, the Han divided the army, with Han Xin as the commander of the northern route, and attacked the three kingdoms of Wei, Zhao and Qi in the east to complete the strategic encirclement of Chu. And Liu Bang personally commanded the army to stick to the line of Xingyang and Chenggao to attract Xiang Yu, and dragged the main force of the Chu army so that it had no time to take care of anything else. After entering the stalemate stage, the war was divided into four fronts, namely Liu Bang's Yingcheng Front, Han Xin's Northern Front, Yingbu's Southern Front, and Peng Yue's and Liu Jia's Rear Enemy Front. In September, Han Xin's suggestion was adopted, and Han Xin was given 30,000 troops to open up the northern battlefield. In September 205 BC, Xiang Yu sent a dragon to attack Jiujiang, but Yingbu was defeated and fled to Chenggao with He. After the Han army gained a foothold in Xingyang, they began to build Yongdao and transport grain from Ao Cang to Xingyang. In 204 BC, Xiang Yu led his army to capture Yongdao several times. The Han army was short of food, so Liu Bang asked Xiang Yu for peace and returned to Han west of Xingyang. Xiang Yu intends to accept it, Fan Zeng thinks that the advantage is in his hands, and if he lets the tiger return to the mountain, it will become a trouble. Therefore, Xiang Yu led the army to intensify the siege of Xingyang City. Liu Bang thought that Fan Zeng was a big problem, so he gave Chen Ping 40,000 catties of gold and asked him to divide the relationship between Xiang Yu and Fan Zeng. Xiang Yu planned to cut his military power, and Fan was angry and returned to his hometown. He died on the way. Liu Bang adopted Chen Ping's suggestion. Ji Xin pretended to be Liu Bang to go out of the city, and Liu Bang took the opportunity to escape from the West Gate with dozens of horsemen, and ordered the imperial historian Zhou Cao, Wei Bao, and Fang Gong to guard the city before leaving. After Xiang Yu found out that he had been deceived, he burned Ji Xin. and siege the city. Zhou Cao and Fang Gong were "the king of the anti-country." It is difficult to defend the city". Kill Wei Bao. Liu Bang went out of Xingyang, entered the customs from Chenggao, and mobilized the army. Prepare to go to Xingyang again. Yuan Sheng admonished Liu Bang at this time: "Han and Chu are a few years away from Xingyang, and Han is often sleepy. May the king go out of the martial arts, Xiang Yu will lead the troops to the south, and the king will be deep in the wall, so that Xingyang will become a gao and have a rest. Make Han Xin and others compile Hebei Zhaodi, even Yanqi, and the king is to go back to Xingyang, and it is not too late. In this way, there are many people prepared by Chu, and the strength is divided, Han has to rest, and the battle of resumption and Chu must be broken. Liu Bangcai Yuan Sheng suggested that he send troops to Wanyejian. Xiang Yu heard that Liu Bang was in Wanye, and really led his army south, but Liu Bang insisted on not fighting with him. In February 204, Peng Yue led his army across Suishui, attacked Xiang Sheng and Xue Gong, broke the Chu army, and killed Xue Gong. Xiang Yu asked the final prince to stay in Chenggao, and he led the army to attack Peng Yue's army to the east. When Liu Bang heard that Xiang Yu was returning to the east, he led the army north to kill Zhonggong, and reverted to Gao and Xingyang. In March, Xiang Yu heard that Liu Bang had recaptured Chenggao, led his army to the west, pulled out Xingyang, and captured Zhou Cao, Fang Gong, and Han Wangxin. Xiang Yu persuaded Zhou Ke to surrender but failed, so he cooked and killed Zhou Ke and killed the fig. The king of Han believed in the hypocrisy and surrendered to Chu, and the heirs fled to the Han Dynasty. Liu Bang escaped from Chenggao, crossed the river with Xiahou Ying to Xiaoxiuwu alone, to Han Xin and Zhang Erjun, and seized his army to go south to station in Xiaoxiuwu, preparing to fight with the Chu army. In June, Xiang Yu returned to the division to fight back against Peng Yue and others, leaving the great Sima Haichun Marquis Cao to defend Chenggao, and ordered him to stick to the battle and return after he pacified Liangdi. After Xiang Yu left, Liu Bang led the army south and challenged many times. In the end, Cao Ji couldn't help but fight, and the Han army broke the Chu army, and Da Sima Ji and Chang Shixin all fought on their own. The king of Han led the troops across the river, recaptured Chenggao, and the army was Guangwu, so he ate in Ao Cang and entered the east of Xingyang.

After the Han army regained Chenggao again, they held on to the danger, and the two sides formed a long-term confrontation at Guangwu Mountain (now northeast of Xingyang, Henan), and they could not hold each other. At this time, Peng Yue turned against Liang Di, cut off the grain, and Xiang Yu was in trouble. So he put Liu Bang's father, Taigong, on the wok, and told Liu Bang: "Don't be in a hurry today, I'll cook Taigong." (If you don't surrender quickly, I will cook your father), but Liu Bang replied: "I and you are ordered to conceive the king in the north, and say, 'About brothers'. Xiang Yu saw that it was useless, so he had to give up. On another occasion, Xiang Yu said to Liu Bang: "Those who are several years old in the world, in vain, are willing to challenge the king of Han to fight the male and female, and do not suffer the father and son of the people of the world in vain." Liu Bang refused with a smile and said: "I'd rather fight wit, not strength." ”

In August of the second year of the Han Dynasty (205 BC), the Wei king leopard marched to Hedong (county magistrate, now Yuwangcheng in the northwest of Xia County, Shanxi) to oppose the Han and return to Chu, threatening the flank of the Han army. Liu Bang first sent Li Shiqi to lobby unsuccessfully, and immediately ordered Han Xin to lead the army to attack. In September, Han Xin raided Anyi, captured Wei Bao alive, and destroyed the Wei state. The Battle of Anyi, the Han and Wei armies used a small number of troops, and it was a relatively small battle, but it had a great impact on the war situation at that time. By occupying the Wei counties of Hedong and Taiyuan, the Han army could pass through the Zhao Dynasty and attack Yanqi, forming a superior strategic situation of encircling Chu from the north. Han Xin, the commander of the Han army, in the battle of Anyi, adopted the same deceitful means as the battle against the Three Qins, "repairing the plank road in the Ming Dynasty and secretly crossing the Chencang", and once again succeeded in winning a complete victory in the whole campaign. Han Xin's troops crossed Linjin in Yang, and the main force secretly crossed Xiayang's method to lure the reckless Wei Bao and mobilize the main force to the area west of Puban, which caused the illusion of Wei Wangbao, skillfully covered his true intention to cross the river, and made tens of thousands of troops successfully cross the river. The Han army crossed the river and marched rapidly, attacked the important place of Anyi, and completely annihilated the enemy in a battle, which prominently demonstrated Han Xin's outstanding military command. In September of the second year of the Han Dynasty (205 BC), the king of Wei led an army to meet the attack, but was defeated, the king of Wei was captured, and Liu Bang ordered him to be the general to help defend Xingyang.

After the Battle of Anyi, Liu Bang then adopted Han Xin's suggestion of "raising Yan and Zhao in the north, attacking Qi in the east, cutting off the Chu Shaoliang Road in the south, and meeting with the king in Xingyang in the west", and increased Han Xin's troops by 30,000 to open up the northern battlefield to eliminate Chu's wings and realize the strategic encirclement of Chu.

In the leap September of the same year, Han Xin first broke the dynasty and captured the prime minister Guoxia and said. Death in a surrogative manner. In the third year of the Han Dynasty (205 years ago, the early Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, and October was the first year of the year) in October, Han Xin and Zhang Er led the Han army to cross the Taihang Mountain, and fought with Chu's winged Zhao State at Jingchengkou (now southeast of Jingcheng, Hebei), Han Xin went against the norm, set up a formation against the water, defeated 200,000 Zhao troops, killed the commander of the Zhao army, Cheng Anjun Chen Yu, and captured Zhao Wang Xie. Destroy the state of Zhao in one fell swoop. Then he adopted the suggestion of Zhao Guo's general Li Zuoche. Taking advantage of the situation, he forced the Yan King Zang Di without a fight to pacify the Yan Kingdom. The outcome of the Battle of Jingcheng was of great significance to the entire course of the Chu-Han War. The victory of the Han army made it gradually gain an advantage in the overall strategic situation. That is, the elimination of strong opponents on the northern battlefield. It has created momentum and premise for the next step of "surrendering soldiers without fighting" and pacifying Yandi without bloodshed. and paved the way for the eastern attack on Qi, thus creating a favorable situation for isolating Xiang Yu. Although this is a war on the scale of a campaign, it has a strategic position. Meanwhile. Liu Bang also attacked Zhao in person. The Han general Jin She's troops went out of Hanoi, attacked the Zhao general Ben Hao Yu Chaoge, and broke it. He also followed Liu Bang to attack the east of Anyang and the next seven counties; he attacked the Zhao army, captured two Simas, and obtained more than 2,400 Zhao troops. Then Liu Bang launched an attack on Handan of Zhao, broke the Zhao army, and captured Handan. The Han general Jin Shu broke the Zhao army in Pingyang and captured Ye. In this way, Zhao Guo Xiping. Chu Shu made the strange soldiers cross the river to attack Zhao, Zhang Er and Han Xin went back and forth to rescue Zhao, because of the line of Zhao Chengyi, sent troops to the Han. The king of Han set up Zhang Er as the king of Zhao and worshiped Han Xin as the prime minister. In June of the third year, Liu Bang defeated Xingyang again, entered Zhao, and collected Han Xin's army, so that Han Xin received Zhao's soldiers and prepared to attack Qi. After Han Xin destroyed Zhao, Chen Bing Yanjing, and Yan King Zang Di were forced by the Han army to join the Han side to fight against Chu.

In April of the second year of the Han Dynasty (205 BC), after the defeat of the Han army in Pengcheng, Liu Bang, in order to get rid of the passive situation and strive for Zhang Liang's policy of "contacting Yingbu and reusing Han Xin and Peng Yue", sent Sui He to lobby Yingbu, the king of Jiujiang, in order to achieve the goal of dispersing and containing the Chu army and reducing the pressure on Liu Bang's frontal battlefield. In November of the third year of the Han Dynasty (205 BC), while Liu Bang was facing a battle against Chu, he sent strategists to persuade Yingbu, the king of Jiujiang, to rebel against Chu and return to Han. Yingbu has two counties, Jiujiang (county Zhishouchun, now Shou County, Anhui) and Lujiang (Junzhi Shu County, now southwest of Lujiang, Anhui), and has considerable strength. Yingbu returned to Han, Xiang Yu's flank was in danger, and he hurriedly sent Long and attacked the Jiujiang army. The Anglo-Bu war was ineffective, and the Jiujiang Kingdom was all Chu You, and all the family members were killed by Xiang Sheng. Yingbu fled to Han through a hidden path. After Yingbu fled from Han, he saw Liu Bang, and Liu Bang was very rude when he met him, so that Yingbu regretted being Han very much and almost wanted to commit suicide. But after Liu Bang arranged a place for him, he was very happy to see that it was the same as the Han Palace. After that, the king of Han Yibing Yingbu ordered him to collect Jiujiang.

In April of the second year of the Han Dynasty (205 BC), the Han army retreated westward after the defeat of Pengcheng, and Peng Yue abandoned all the cities he had captured, and led his army north to garrison along the Yellow River alone. In the third year of the Han Dynasty (204 BC), Peng Yue often traveled back and forth to send troops for the Han king, attacked the Chu army, and cut off their backup grain and grass in Liangdi. In September of the third year of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang adopted the strategy of Zheng Zhong in Langzhong, and sent the generals Liu Jia and Lu Juan to kill 20,000 people and ride hundreds, from crossing Baimajin and entering Chu Sasuke Peng Yue. The Han army and the Peng-Yue allied army burned the grain and grass accumulated by the Chu army, and the Chu army lacked food. The Chu army fought back against Liu Jia, and Liu Jia insisted on not fighting with the Chu army, echoing Peng Yue. In the winter of the fourth year of the Han Dynasty (203 BC), the Chu army and the Han army held each other in Xingyang, and Peng Yue captured 17 cities such as Suiyang and Waihuang. After Xiang Yu learned about it, he sent Cao Qi to garrison Chenggao, and personally recovered the cities conquered by Peng Yue to the east, and all of them were owned by the Chu State. Peng Yue then led his army north to Gucheng. In the autumn of the fifth year of the Han Dynasty (202 BC), the Chu army retreated south to Xiayang, and Peng Yue conquered more than 20 cities such as Changyi, and captured more than 100,000 grains for the Han king's military rations.

Han Xin established himself as the king of Qi, and refused Xiang Yu's wooing, sat in Qi by himself, and ordered the infant to attack Chu directly. Guan Ying led the Han army to attack Chu's Lu land first, and broke Chu to defeat Xue Gonggao in northern Lu. Go south and then break the magistrate of Xue, attack Boyang, march to the lower minister, and seize the counties of Tuan, Gu, and Xu. Then cross the Huai River, enter Guangling (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu), and descend to the city of Chu. Xiang Yu soon sent Xiang Sheng, Xue Gong, and Tan Gong to recapture Huaibei. Guan Ying returned to the division to return to Huai, broke Xiang Sheng, Tan Gong's army, beheaded Xue Gong, and captured Xiapi. Then pursued the Chu army, broke the Chu army in Pingyang (South Pingyang, now Zoucheng, Shandong), returned to the division to attack and occupy Pengcheng, and captured Chu Zhu Guoxiang Tuo to surrender Liu, Xue, Pei, Yu, Xiao, and Xiang. Attacked, slandered, and captured the Asian general Zhou Lan again. After the infant was pacified in the north of Huai, he joined Liu Bangjun in Yixiang (located in present-day Luyi County, Henan).

In August of the fourth year of the Han Dynasty (203 BC), the Chu army ran out of food, Xiang Yu was forced to negotiate peace, and Liu Bang was unable to transfer Han Xin and Peng Yue to reinforce the army, so the two sides signed a peace treaty to "divide the world in the middle", draw a chasm (the ancient canal, located in the east of Xingyang, Henan) as the boundary, and the east returned to Chu and the west belonged to Han. After two years and five months of holding each other on the Xingyang and Chenggao lines, the Chu and Han armies ceased fighting. After the agreement was made, Liu Bang sent an envoy to Chuying to ask for the release of Liu Bang's family. First, Lu Jia and others, but they were all rejected one by one. Later, Hou Sheng went to the envoy and successfully persuaded Xiang Yu to return Liu Bang's family. Liu Bang worshiped Hou Sheng as the "King of Ping", but Hou Sheng retired after being entitled.

In September of the fourth year of the Han Dynasty (203 BC), Xiang Yu retreated eastward in accordance with the agreement, and Liu Bang also wanted to return west. Zhang Liang and Chen Ping believe that "the Han Dynasty has a large (large) half of the world, and the princes are attached to it." The Chu soldiers are exhausted, and when Chu dies on this day", it is suggested that "it is better to take it because of its opportunity". Liu Bang chased the Chu army to Chenxia, and broke the Chu army of Liji and Zhong Li. After the battle of Chenxia, in October of the fifth year of the Han Dynasty (202 BC), Liu Bang pursued the Chu army to Guling (now Taikangnan, Henan). However, although Chu has the victory of Guling, it is already the end of the strong crossbow. In November, the great Sima Zhou Yin of Chu guarding the southeast turned Chu as the Han and slaughtered six with Shu. Follow Liu Jia to Shouchun, enter the encirclement of Xiang Yu under the wall. After Liu Bang retreated to Guling, he adopted Zhang Liang's suggestion and promised Han Xin, the king of Qi, and Peng Yue, the prime minister of Wei, to "strike Chu and Chu Po, from Fu Hai and the king of Qi to the east of Chen, and to Gucheng and Peng Xiangguo north of Suiyang." ", Xu to cut the land and seal the king. In December of the fifth year of the Han Dynasty (203 BC), he really mobilized 400,000 troops from all walks of life, including Han Xin, Wei Xiangguo, Peng Yue, Huainan Wang Yingbu, Liu Jia, etc., with Han Xin as the supreme commander, and a total of 600,000 troops of 200,000 people in the headquarters, and surrounded 100,000 Chu troops in Qixia (now Lingbi, Anhui, now Huaiyang, Luyi, Henan). The Chu army had few soldiers and was exhausted, and they were invincible in many battles, and they were embattled at night, and the army's morale collapsed. Xiang Yu was shocked and said: "The Han Dynasty has already won Chuhu, how many people are there in Chu!", so he sang generously and sadly at night, saying: "Pull out the mountain and cover the world, and the times are not good and the sorrow will not pass away." If you don't die, you can't help it, and you can't help it!" "Song Shuyun, beauty (Yu Ji) and Zhi (see Farewell My Concubine). Xiang Wang cried a few lines, crying left and right, and couldn't look up."

It was night Xiang Yu led more than 800 cavalry to break through the siege and flee south at night, and Liu Bangfang found out after dawn, so he sent Guan Ying to lead thousands of cavalry to pursue. After the Chu army crossed the Huai River, there were only more than 100 horsemen left, and when they fled to Yinling (now northwest of Dingyuan County, Anhui), they got lost and asked for directions to Tian's father, who deceived and went left, and as a result, they fell into a swamp, causing the Han army to catch up. When he arrived in Dongcheng (now in Dingyuan County, Anhui), there were only 28 horses left, and Xiang Yu was difficult to get out, but he still said: "Heaven will kill me, and it is not a crime of war." When fleeing to Wujiang (now the Yangtze River, located in Wujiang Town, northeast of Hexian County, Anhui Province), the chief of the Wujiang Pavilion urged Xiang Yu to cross the river in order to make a comeback, but Xiang Yu said: "I am dead in the sky, how can I cross the river! And with 8,000 people from Jiangdong crossing the river to the west, no one is still alive. Then, after killing hundreds of Han soldiers, he killed himself.

In the next battle, Liu Bang annihilated the Chu army and won the final victory. After the defeat of Xiang Yu, Chu was pacified one after another, and finally only the original Xiang Yu fief could not be resigned, and the Han army was to show Lu with Xiang Yu's head, and Lu surrendered, and the Chu State was all pacified. At the end of the Chu-Han War, Wu Rui, the king of Hengshan, and Yingbu, the king of Jiujiang, who belonged to the camp of the Chu state, successively attached themselves to Liu Bang, the king of Han, but the king of Linjiang still did not obey orders. In December of the fifth year of the Han Dynasty (203 BC), the Han army broke through Jiangling, the capital of Linjiang (now Jingzhou, Hubei), and captured the captain of the king of Linjiang established by Xiang Yu. On February 28, 202 BC, Liu Bang officially proclaimed himself emperor (i.e., Gaozu of the Han Dynasty) in Dingtao and established the Western Han Dynasty. In 196 BC, Zhao Tuo, the king of Nanyue, was declared a minister. At this point, the world is unified. (To be continued......)