The last generation of the 22nd generation of Chinese orthodox dynasties was the 'Qing Dynasty' established by the Manchus (Jurchen and Manchuria) from the white mountains and black waters of northern China, and the predecessors of the Qing Dynasty can be traced back to the predecessors of the Qing Dynasty, namely Su Shen in the Western Zhou Dynasty, Ru Lou in the Warring States Period, Beji in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and Heishui Jin in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. At the end of the Five Dynasties, it was called "Jurchen". At that time, among the Jurchen tribes, those who moved south to the hometown of the Bohai Kingdom and were vassal of the Liao Dynasty were called "mature Jurchen", and those who stayed in the Heishui area were called "Shengjurchen". The first dynasty established by the Jurchens was the 'Jin Dynasty', which stood side by side with the Song, Liao, and Western Xia, and was one of the important minority regimes that could not be ignored in Chinese history.

In the sixth year of Jin Taihe (1206), Temujin, the leader of the Qiyan tribe on the Mongolian Plateau, unified the Mongolian Plateau and established the Great Mongolian State and called himself 'Genghis Khan', and then the Mongols launched an attack on the Jin Dynasty in the Central Plains; about 30 years later, in the sixth year of the reign of the Mongol Taizong (1234), the third son of Temujin, Ogedei, the Mongol and Song coalition forces conquered Caizhou, the last capital of the Jin State, Jin Aizong committed suicide, the late Jin Emperor was killed, and the first Jurchen minority regime - the Jin Dynasty perished.

After that, the Jurchen people who settled in the Central Plains gradually merged with the Han, Khitan, Xi, Bohai and other ethnic groups in the north, while the "Shengjurchen" in the Bohai homeland maintained their original national characteristics and stayed in the area of the Songhua River and the Tumen River, and eventually became vassals of the later Yuan Dynasty (Mongol regime) and accepted the rule of the Yuan Dynasty.

In the first year of Emperor Qing of the Yuan Dynasty (1312), the Yuan Dynasty added Shuida Road in Liaodong and Heishui areas, which were divided into 50,000 households, namely: Taowen Wanhu (Tangyuan County, Heilongjiang), Huligai Wanhu (Yilan County, Heilongjiang), Huduoli Wanhu (Yilan County, Heilongjiang), Ten Thousand Households (Huachuan County, Heilongjiang), and Wanhu (probably in Fujin County, Heilongjiang), which is the "Liaodong Jurchen 50,000 Households". Most of the members of the 50,000 households are Jurchens and Savage Jurchens, as well as the indigenous tribes of Heishui (Hezhe, Evenki, Oroqen, Daur, Xibe and other ethnic groups).

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, among the 50,000 Jurchen households in Liaodong, 20,000 households in the Bitter River died out one after another, leaving only 30,000 households in Huli Reform Department, Huduoli, and Taowen. After that, the two tribes of Huligai and Huduoli migrated to the area near Hunchun in the lower reaches of the Tumen River, where they settled; After that, the Huduoli Department was renamed the Wuduolian and Wudu Libu, and the Huli Department was renamed Huo'er A and Uliangha (non-Mongolian Uliangha Sanwei); At this time, Fan Cha (Fan Cha), the leader of the Duoli tribe, took his own surname as 'Ai Xinjue Luo (Tong's)'.

In the first year of Hongwu of the Ming Dynasty (1368), Zhu Yuanzhang, the Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, took the throne of the emperor in Nanjing and established the Ming Dynasty; Subsequently, Ming Taizu sent a large army to the north, and Emperor Yuan Shun abandoned Dadu (Beijing) and fled to Shangdu (Inner Mongolia Zhenglan Banner); Although the Yuan Dynasty's rule over the Central Plains ended, its rule in what is now Liaodong remained solid.

In the fifth year of Hongwu (1372), in order to avoid the attack of the savage Jurchen Wudiha tribe, the leader of the Huduoli tribe Hui Hou (the son of Fan Cha) and the leader of the Huli tribe, Aha Chu, led the tribesmen to leave the Xiguan city where they lived, and migrated south to Jizhou, Xianzhou and other places in Goryeo, and then turned around and returned to the upper reaches of the Tumen River to settle down.

In the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), the Ming army invaded Liaodong and started a war with the Northern Yuan Dynasty that occupied this place. In the twentieth year of Hongwu (1387), the Ming army of 200,000 marched north to Liaodong, and the Liaodong garrison of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, Naha, was defeated by the Ming army and surrendered to the Ming Dynasty in desperation, and the Liaodong region it guarded belonged to the Ming Dynasty; And the Jurchen Huduoli and Huli who settled in Liaodong were also attached to the Ming Dynasty.

In November of the first year of Yongle (1403), Aha went to the Ming Jingshi (Nanjing) to pay tribute to Zhu Di, who had just succeeded to the throne of Ming Taizong (Chengzu), in order to show his submission and submission. Ming Chengzu Jin named Aha out as the commander (at this time the name of his guard has not yet been determined), gave the name Li Sicheng, and built the area west of the Amu River where his tribe lived.

In April of the second year of Yongle (1404), Ming Chengzu officially established a guard in the place where the Huli Reform Department was located, and gave it the name 'Jianzhou Wei' (now Helong County, Jilin Province). At this time, another Jurchen tribe in Liaodong, the leader of the Huduoli tribe, Hua Hou, had died, and his son Möngke Timur (Mongolian name, renamed as Mengtemu by his descendants) inherited the position of leader and lived in the Huli tribe. Möngke Timur married Ahab's daughter Nikamba, the son-in-law of Ahab.

In the first month of the third year of Yongle (1405), Meng Ge Timur learned the example of his father-in-law Aha Chu, and also personally went to Beijing to pay tribute, and Ming Chengzu awarded Meng Ge Timur as the commander of the Jianzhou Wei (with the same official position as his father-in-law Ahab). In the fourteenth year of Yongle (1416), the Ming Dynasty divided the Jianzhou Wei into two parts, and built the 'Jianzhou Left Guard' on the basis of the Jianzhou Wei, with Meng Ge Timur as the commander of the Jianzhou Left Guard, and the Jianzhou Wei was commanded by Li Xianzhong (Shi Jianu), the son of Aha (Shi Jianu) (at this time, Aha was dead), and Uncle Lang was in charge of one each. Li Xianzhong married the sister of Meng Ke Timur, and the relationship between the two departments of Jianzhou became even closer.

After that, Möngke Timur was attacked by the savage Jurchen tribe in August of the eighth year of Xuande (1433), and was killed together with his eldest son Agu; In the ninth year of Xuande (1434), Emperor Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty appointed Meng Ge Timur's half-brother Fancha as the governor of the capital, acting as the governor of Jianzhou Zuowei (but did not grant the official position of commander of Jianzhou Zuowei). In the second year of orthodoxy (1437), Dong Shan (Tong Cang), the second son of Meng Ge Timur, was appointed as the commander of the Jianzhou Left Guard, and he and his uncle Fan Cha were in charge of the Jianzhou Left Guard.

In February of the seventh year of orthodoxy (1442), due to the serious contradictions and fights between Dong Shan and Fancha's uncle and nephew, in order to settle the dispute and weaken the real strength of Jianzhou women, the Ming Dynasty divided the Jianzhou Left Guard into two and set up another 'Jianzhou Right Guard', with Fancha as the commander of the Jianzhou Right Guard, and Dong Shan continued to be the commander of the new "Jianzhou Left Guard". At this time, Jianzhou Wei (Li Manzhu, the grandson of Ahachu), moved to the Sukesuhu River (now Suzi River) valley in the upper reaches of the Hunhe River, with Hetuala (now the old city of Xinbin County, Liaoning) as the main city. Later, the Jianzhou Zuowei also moved here under the leadership of Dong Shan and Fan Cha and lived in the city of Foala (also in Xinbin County). After the Jianzhou left guard was separated from the Jianzhou right guard, the two guards were bounded by Qinglongling (Maerdun Ridge), and each was stationed on one side, and the 'Jianzhou Three Guards' were all established so far.

In the third year of Chenghua (1467), because Li Manzhu (commander of Jianzhou Guard), Dong Shan (commander of Jianzhou Left Guard), and Nalangha (commander of Jianzhou Right Guard) often crossed the border wall in series to enter the Kou and plundered the property of the Ming Dynasty. In September, the Ming army beheaded the commander of the Jianzhou Guard, the governor of the same governor, Li Manzhu and his son Gunaha, and the commander of the right guard of Jianzhou, the governor of the city, Nalangha, was killed together; Dong Shan, the commander of the Jianzhou Left Guard, was captured by the Ming army and killed for trying to escape during the escort, and more than 1,700 people were killed by the Ming army in the Jianzhou Sanwei; This is the "Chenghua Plough Garden" recorded in the history books.

After Li Manzhu, Dong Shan, and Nalangha were killed by the Ming army, under the premise of close surveillance, the Ming Dynasty awarded Li Manzhu's grandson Wanzhi Bald as the commander of the Jianzhou Guard, Nalangha's uncle Ahada as the commander of the Jianzhou Right Guard, and Dong Shan's eldest son Tuoluo as the commander of the Jianzhou Left Guard. Since then, the position of commander of the left guard of Jianzhou has been passed on successively among the brothers of Tuoluo and Tu Yimo (the second son of Dong Shan); Between the first and twentieth years of Jiajing (1522-1542), the nephew of Tuoluo and Tu Yimo (the son of Dongshan's third son, Xibao Qi Zhanggu) inherited the official position left by his father, succeeded as the commander of the Jianzhou Zuowei, and then moved the main city of the Jianzhou Zuowei from Foala to Hetuala, and lived in the same city with Jianzhou Wei.

Fuman had six sons, namely: Deshiku, Liu Xian, Suo Chang'a, Jue Chang'an, Bao Lang'a, and Baoshi. Before and after moving to Hetuala, Fuman gave birth to six sons, namely Deshiku, Liu Xi, Suo Chang'a, Jue Chang'an, Bao Lang'a, and Baoshi. As the sons grew up, Fuman gave each of his six sons a family and helped each of them build a city, and because Fuman's six sons lived in six places, the power of the Jianzhou Zuowei and Aixinjue Luo families also continued to expand.

Around the middle and late Jiajing period (after 1550), Fuman died of old age, and his third son Suo Chang'a and fourth son Jue Chang'an successively inherited the official position of commander of the left guard of Jianzhou. When Jue Chang'an was in office, he asked his fourth son Takshi to marry the daughter of Wang Gao (the grandson of Ahada), who was then the head of the Jianzhou Right Guard, and married his daughter to Wang Gao's son Atai to maintain the survival of the Jianzhou Left Guard.

From the thirty-sixth year of Jiajing (1557), Wang Gao continued to send troops to invade the border walls of the Ming Dynasty, and successively killed many military generals in Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty, and invaded various towns in Liaodong. When Wang Gao invaded the border areas of the Ming Dynasty, Jue Chang'an and his son Takshi had to rely on Wang Gao to participate in the plunder for the benefit and safety of the Jianzhou Left Guard. However, when Jue Chang'an participated in Koubian, he secretly communicated with the Ming army privately, transmitted information, and secretly reported Wang Gao's movements and plans to join the Koubian.

In the third year of Wanli (1575), in view of Wang Gao's behavior becoming more and more rampant, Li Chengliang, the general soldier of Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty, was ordered to lead the Ming army of 50,000 people in Liaodong, and imitated the method of Zhao Fu to encircle and suppress Li Manzhu in that year. Under the pressure of the Ming army, Wang Gao could only flee in a hurry and took refuge with Wang Tai, the leader of the Haixi Jurchen Hada Tribe; However, Wang Tai designed to capture Wang Gao and tie him up and send him to the Ming army, after which Wang Gao was escorted to Beijing to be executed.

Lost the leader of the Jianzhou right guard city Gule Zhai was broken by Li Chengliang in one fell swoop, at that time in the city Jue Chang'an and his son Tak Shi because they got the news from the Ming army generals in advance, so they left Gule Zhai in advance and avoided this disaster. However, Wang Gao's two grandsons, Nurhachi, the eldest son of the Hitara clan and the second son Shuerhaqi, who happened to be visiting relatives in Gule Village, were captured by the Ming army and almost killed.

Later, Li Chengliang learned that Nurhachi and Shuerhaqi were the grandsons of Jue Chang'an, the commander of the Jianzhou Left Guard, and Jue Chang'an had always been pro-Ming and delivered news to the Ming army, so Li Chengliang did not embarrass the two teenagers (Nurhachi was sixteen years old at this time, and Shuerhaqi was only eleven years old), so he took them in his own mansion as attendants and miscellaneous servants (not the slaves of the Li family as falsely reported in the wild history), and three years later, Li Chengliang returned the two to Jue Chang'an and Takshi.

After Wang Gao was captured and killed by the Ming army, his son Atai escaped from Gule Village, returned to the hometown of Jianzhou Youwei after the Ming army withdrew, and rebuilt Gule City and Shaji City, Atai also vowed to fight with the Ming army to the end. Atai's wife is the daughter of Jue Chang'an, so Jue Chang'an's status within the Jianzhou Sanwei gradually improved, and the power of the Jianzhou Left Guard began to grow slowly.

In the sixth year of Wanli (1578), nineteen-year-old Nurhachi and fourteen-year-old brother Shuerhaqi were sent back to Jianzhou Zuowei's grandfather and father by Li Chengliang; At this time, Nurhachi's biological mother and Takshi's wife, the Hitara clan, had died, and Takshi married another daughter, Nala clan, the daughter of Wang Tai, the leader of the Hada tribe, as his stepwife; Nara did not want to see the Nurhachi brothers, who were not born to him, and often slandered and framed the two brothers in front of Takshi, and over time, Takshi no longer cared for the two eldest sons.

As a result, the Nurhachi brothers were forced to separate from their father and live on their own, with only a small share of the family property. After that, Nurhachi and his younger brother made a living by digging ginseng and picking mountain goods, etc., to support themselves, and often went to Fushun and other places within the border wall to exchange markets with the Ming Dynasty military and civilians, and supported themselves and their families by means of trade and barter (Nurhachi had already married at this time).

In the eleventh year of Wanli (1583), Li Chengliang was once again ordered to send troops to crusade against the right guard of Jianzhou, in order to completely eliminate the power of Atai; At that time, the Ming army sent troops to attack the cities of Gule and Shaji on the right guard of Jianzhou, and also surrounded Ataibu with Nikan Wailan, the lord of Tulun City, as a guide. Atai's wife is Jue Chang'an's daughter, so Jue Chang'an, who feels that his daughter is in danger, took his son Takshi to venture into Gule City before the Ming army besieged the city, and came to persuade Atai to surrender to the Ming army, and if not, he would also take his daughter out of danger.

However, the guide of the Ming army, Nikan Wailan, had long coveted the territory of the Jianzhou Left Guard, and wanted to kill Jue Chang'an and Takshi by the hands of the Ming army, so that the Jianzhou Left Guard would be leaderless, so that he could take the opportunity to seize this long-coveted sphere of influence.

As a result, Nikan Wailan not only instigated the Ming army to attack the city as soon as possible, but also hyped up the false military situation outside the city that "those who kill Atai will be crowned the lord of Gule City"; In a melee, more than 2,000 people were killed by the Atai brothers and the people of Jianzhou's right guard, and Juechang'an and Takshi, who wanted to persuade peace, were also mistakenly killed by the Ming army during this period.

Afterwards, the twenty-five-year-old Nurhachi learned that his father and ancestor had been mistakenly killed by the Ming army, so he was indignant and sent a document to the Ming Dynasty, demanding an explanation from the Ming army. After returning the bodies of Jue Chang'an and Takshi to Nurhachi, he gave him thirty edicts (used for tributary trade) and thirty horses, and let Nurhachi inherit the official position of the commander of the left guard of Jianzhou, plus the official rank of "Dragon and Tiger General" (military rank is the second grade), and the governor of the capital.

With this official identity certified by the Ming Dynasty, Nurhachi officially entered the entrepreneurial stage; After that, Nurhachi used the thirteen pairs of armor left by his father and ancestors as the original capital, and began the military conquest process of unifying the three Jurchens in Jianzhou and even other Jurchen tribes in eastern Liaodong; Thirty-two years later, in the forty-fourth year of Wanli (1616), Nurhachi, who was fifty-seven years old at the time, basically unified the Jurchen tribes in eastern Liaodong (only the Haixi Jurchen Yehe tribe still exists, but it is still surviving and precarious); In this year, Nurhachi proclaimed himself emperor and Khan in his home city of Hetuala, with the country name "Dajin" (Later Jin), changed the Yuan to the "Mandate of Heaven", and called himself "the wise Khan of the overlay countries".

The rest of the story is the process of Nurhachi's formal confrontation with the Ming Dynasty and the battle of strategy. The last generation of the 22nd generation of Chinese orthodox dynasties was the 'Qing Dynasty' established by the Manchus (Jurchen and Manchuria) from the white mountains and black waters of northern China, and the predecessors of the Qing Dynasty can be traced back to the predecessors of the Qing Dynasty, namely Su Shen in the Western Zhou Dynasty, Ru Lou in the Warring States Period, Beji in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and Heishui Jin in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. At the end of the Five Dynasties, it was called "Jurchen". At that time, among the Jurchen tribes, those who moved south to the hometown of the Bohai Kingdom and were vassal of the Liao Dynasty were called "mature Jurchen", and those who stayed in the Heishui area were called "Shengjurchen". The first dynasty established by the Jurchens was the 'Jin Dynasty', which stood side by side with the Song, Liao, and Western Xia, and was one of the important minority regimes that could not be ignored in Chinese history.

In the sixth year of Jin Taihe (1206), Temujin, the leader of the Qiyan tribe on the Mongolian Plateau, unified the Mongolian Plateau and established the Great Mongolian State and called himself 'Genghis Khan', and then the Mongols launched an attack on the Jin Dynasty in the Central Plains; about 30 years later, in the sixth year of the reign of the Mongol Taizong (1234), the third son of Temujin, Ogedei, the Mongol and Song coalition forces conquered Caizhou, the last capital of the Jin State, Jin Aizong committed suicide, the late Jin Emperor was killed, and the first Jurchen minority regime - the Jin Dynasty perished.

After that, the Jurchen people who settled in the Central Plains gradually merged with the Han, Khitan, Xi, Bohai and other ethnic groups in the north, while the "Shengjurchen" in the Bohai homeland maintained their original national characteristics and stayed in the area of the Songhua River and the Tumen River, and eventually became vassals of the later Yuan Dynasty (Mongol regime) and accepted the rule of the Yuan Dynasty.

In the first year of Emperor Qing of the Yuan Dynasty (1312), the Yuan Dynasty added Shuida Road in Liaodong and Heishui areas, which were divided into 50,000 households, namely: Taowen Wanhu (Tangyuan County, Heilongjiang), Huligai Wanhu (Yilan County, Heilongjiang), Huduoli Wanhu (Yilan County, Heilongjiang), Ten Thousand Households (Huachuan County, Heilongjiang), and Wanhu (probably in Fujin County, Heilongjiang), which is the "Liaodong Jurchen 50,000 Households". Most of the members of the 50,000 households are Jurchens and Savage Jurchens, as well as the indigenous tribes of Heishui (Hezhe, Evenki, Oroqen, Daur, Xibe and other ethnic groups).

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, among the 50,000 Jurchen households in Liaodong, 20,000 households in the Bitter River died out one after another, leaving only 30,000 households in Huli Reform Department, Huduoli, and Taowen. After that, the two tribes of Huligai and Huduoli migrated to the area near Hunchun in the lower reaches of the Tumen River, where they settled; After that, the Huduoli Department was renamed the Wuduolian and Wudu Libu, and the Huli Department was renamed Huo'er A and Uliangha (non-Mongolian Uliangha Sanwei); At this time, Fan Cha (Fan Cha), the leader of the Duoli tribe, took his own surname as 'Ai Xinjue Luo (Tong's)'.

In the first year of Hongwu of the Ming Dynasty (1368), Zhu Yuanzhang, the Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, took the throne of the emperor in Nanjing and established the Ming Dynasty; Subsequently, Ming Taizu sent a large army to the north, and Emperor Yuan Shun abandoned Dadu (Beijing) and fled to Shangdu (Inner Mongolia Zhenglan Banner); Although the Yuan Dynasty's rule over the Central Plains ended, its rule in what is now Liaodong remained solid.

In the fifth year of Hongwu (1372), in order to avoid the attack of the savage Jurchen Wudiha tribe, the leader of the Huduoli tribe Hui Hou (the son of Fan Cha) and the leader of the Huli tribe, Aha Chu, led the tribesmen to leave the Xiguan city where they lived, and migrated south to Jizhou, Xianzhou and other places in Goryeo, and then turned around and returned to the upper reaches of the Tumen River to settle down.

In the ninth year of Hongwu (1376), the Ming army invaded Liaodong and started a war with the Northern Yuan Dynasty that occupied this place. In the twentieth year of Hongwu (1387), the Ming army of 200,000 marched north to Liaodong, and the Liaodong garrison of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, Naha, was defeated by the Ming army and surrendered to the Ming Dynasty in desperation, and the Liaodong region it guarded belonged to the Ming Dynasty; And the Jurchen Huduoli and Huli who settled in Liaodong were also attached to the Ming Dynasty.

In November of the first year of Yongle (1403), Aha went to the Ming Jingshi (Nanjing) to pay tribute to Zhu Di, who had just succeeded to the throne of Ming Taizong (Chengzu), in order to show his submission and submission. Ming Chengzu Jin named Aha out as the commander (at this time the name of his guard has not yet been determined), gave the name Li Sicheng, and built the area west of the Amu River where his tribe lived.

In April of the second year of Yongle (1404), Ming Chengzu officially established a guard in the place where the Huli Reform Department was located, and gave it the name 'Jianzhou Wei' (now Helong County, Jilin Province). At this time, another Jurchen tribe in Liaodong, the leader of the Huduoli tribe, Hua Hou, had died, and his son Möngke Timur (Mongolian name, renamed as Mengtemu by his descendants) inherited the position of leader and lived in the Huli tribe. Möngke Timur married Ahab's daughter Nikamba, the son-in-law of Ahab.

In the first month of the third year of Yongle (1405), Meng Ge Timur learned the example of his father-in-law Aha Chu, and also personally went to Beijing to pay tribute, and Ming Chengzu awarded Meng Ge Timur as the commander of the Jianzhou Wei (with the same official position as his father-in-law Ahab). In the fourteenth year of Yongle (1416), the Ming Dynasty divided the Jianzhou Wei into two parts, and built the 'Jianzhou Left Guard' on the basis of the Jianzhou Wei, with Meng Ge Timur as the commander of the Jianzhou Left Guard, and the Jianzhou Wei was commanded by Li Xianzhong (Shi Jianu), the son of Aha (Shi Jianu) (at this time, Aha was dead), and Uncle Lang was in charge of one each. Li Xianzhong married the sister of Meng Ke Timur, and the relationship between the two departments of Jianzhou became even closer.

After that, Möngke Timur was attacked by the savage Jurchen tribe in August of the eighth year of Xuande (1433), and was killed together with his eldest son Agu; In the ninth year of Xuande (1434), Emperor Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty appointed Meng Ge Timur's half-brother Fancha as the governor of the capital, acting as the governor of Jianzhou Zuowei (but did not grant the official position of commander of Jianzhou Zuowei). In the second year of orthodoxy (1437), Dong Shan (Tong Cang), the second son of Meng Ge Timur, was appointed as the commander of the Jianzhou Left Guard, and he and his uncle Fan Cha were in charge of the Jianzhou Left Guard.

In February of the seventh year of orthodoxy (1442), due to the serious contradictions and fights between Dong Shan and Fancha's uncle and nephew, in order to settle the dispute and weaken the real strength of Jianzhou women, the Ming Dynasty divided the Jianzhou Left Guard into two and set up another 'Jianzhou Right Guard', with Fancha as the commander of the Jianzhou Right Guard, and Dong Shan continued to be the commander of the new "Jianzhou Left Guard". At this time, Jianzhou Wei (Li Manzhu, the grandson of Ahachu), moved to the Sukesuhu River (now Suzi River) valley in the upper reaches of the Hunhe River, with Hetuala (now the old city of Xinbin County, Liaoning) as the main city. Later, the Jianzhou Zuowei also moved here under the leadership of Dong Shan and Fan Cha and lived in the city of Foala (also in Xinbin County). After the Jianzhou left guard was separated from the Jianzhou right guard, the two guards were bounded by Qinglongling (Maerdun Ridge), and each was stationed on one side, and the 'Jianzhou Three Guards' were all established so far.

In the third year of Chenghua (1467), because Li Manzhu (commander of Jianzhou Guard), Dong Shan (commander of Jianzhou Left Guard), and Nalangha (commander of Jianzhou Right Guard) often crossed the border wall in series to enter the Kou and plundered the property of the Ming Dynasty. In September, the Ming army beheaded the commander of the Jianzhou Guard, the governor of the same governor, Li Manzhu and his son Gunaha, and the commander of the right guard of Jianzhou, the governor of the city, Nalangha, was killed together; Dong Shan, the commander of the Jianzhou Left Guard, was captured by the Ming army and killed for trying to escape during the escort, and more than 1,700 people were killed by the Ming army in the Jianzhou Sanwei; This is the "Chenghua Plough Garden" recorded in the history books.

After Li Manzhu, Dong Shan, and Nalangha were killed by the Ming army, under the premise of close surveillance, the Ming Dynasty awarded Li Manzhu's grandson Wanzhi Bald as the commander of the Jianzhou Guard, Nalangha's uncle Ahada as the commander of the Jianzhou Right Guard, and Dong Shan's eldest son Tuoluo as the commander of the Jianzhou Left Guard. Since then, the position of commander of the left guard of Jianzhou has been passed on successively among the brothers of Tuoluo and Tu Yimo (the second son of Dong Shan); Between the first and twentieth years of Jiajing (1522-1542), the nephew of Tuoluo and Tu Yimo (the son of Dongshan's third son, Xibao Qi Zhanggu) inherited the official position left by his father, succeeded as the commander of the Jianzhou Zuowei, and then moved the main city of the Jianzhou Zuowei from Foala to Hetuala, and lived in the same city with Jianzhou Wei.

Fuman had six sons, namely: Deshiku, Liu Xian, Suo Chang'a, Jue Chang'an, Bao Lang'a, and Baoshi. Before and after moving to Hetuala, Fuman gave birth to six sons, namely Deshiku, Liu Xi, Suo Chang'a, Jue Chang'an, Bao Lang'a, and Baoshi. As the sons grew up, Fuman gave each of his six sons a family and helped each of them build a city, and because Fuman's six sons lived in six places, the power of the Jianzhou Zuowei and Aixinjue Luo families also continued to expand.

Around the middle and late Jiajing period (after 1550), Fuman died of old age, and his third son Suo Chang'a and fourth son Jue Chang'an successively inherited the official position of commander of the left guard of Jianzhou. When Jue Chang'an was in office, he asked his fourth son Takshi to marry the daughter of Wang Gao (the grandson of Ahada), who was then the head of the Jianzhou Right Guard, and married his daughter to Wang Gao's son Atai to maintain the survival of the Jianzhou Left Guard.

From the thirty-sixth year of Jiajing (1557), Wang Gao continued to send troops to invade the border walls of the Ming Dynasty, and successively killed many military generals in Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty, and invaded various towns in Liaodong. When Wang Gao invaded the border areas of the Ming Dynasty, Jue Chang'an and his son Takshi had to rely on Wang Gao to participate in the plunder for the benefit and safety of the Jianzhou Left Guard. However, when Jue Chang'an participated in Koubian, he secretly communicated with the Ming army privately, transmitted information, and secretly reported Wang Gao's movements and plans to join the Koubian.

In the third year of Wanli (1575), in view of Wang Gao's behavior becoming more and more rampant, Li Chengliang, the general soldier of Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty, was ordered to lead the Ming army of 50,000 people in Liaodong, and imitated the method of Zhao Fu to encircle and suppress Li Manzhu in that year. Under the pressure of the Ming army, Wang Gao could only flee in a hurry and took refuge with Wang Tai, the leader of the Haixi Jurchen Hada Tribe; However, Wang Tai designed to capture Wang Gao and tie him up and send him to the Ming army, after which Wang Gao was escorted to Beijing to be executed.

Lost the leader of the Jianzhou right guard city Gule Zhai was broken by Li Chengliang in one fell swoop, at that time in the city Jue Chang'an and his son Tak Shi because they got the news from the Ming army generals in advance, so they left Gule Zhai in advance and avoided this disaster. However, Wang Gao's two grandsons, Nurhachi, the eldest son of the Hitara clan and the second son Shuerhaqi, who happened to be visiting relatives in Gule Village, were captured by the Ming army and almost killed.

Later, Li Chengliang learned that Nurhachi and Shuerhaqi were the grandsons of Jue Chang'an, the commander of the Jianzhou Left Guard, and Jue Chang'an had always been pro-Ming and delivered news to the Ming army, so Li Chengliang did not embarrass the two teenagers (Nurhachi was sixteen years old at this time, and Shuerhaqi was only eleven years old), so he took them in his own mansion as attendants and miscellaneous servants (not the slaves of the Li family as falsely reported in the wild history), and three years later, Li Chengliang returned the two to Jue Chang'an and Takshi.

After Wang Gao was captured and killed by the Ming army, his son Atai escaped from Gule Village, returned to the hometown of Jianzhou Youwei after the Ming army withdrew, and rebuilt Gule City and Shaji City, Atai also vowed to fight with the Ming army to the end. Atai's wife is the daughter of Jue Chang'an, so Jue Chang'an's status within the Jianzhou Sanwei gradually improved, and the power of the Jianzhou Left Guard began to grow slowly.

In the sixth year of Wanli (1578), nineteen-year-old Nurhachi and fourteen-year-old brother Shuerhaqi were sent back to Jianzhou Zuowei's grandfather and father by Li Chengliang; At this time, Nurhachi's biological mother and Takshi's wife, the Hitara clan, had died, and Takshi married another daughter, Nala clan, the daughter of Wang Tai, the leader of the Hada tribe, as his stepwife; Nara did not want to see the Nurhachi brothers, who were not born to him, and often slandered and framed the two brothers in front of Takshi, and over time, Takshi no longer cared for the two eldest sons.

As a result, the Nurhachi brothers were forced to separate from their father and live on their own, with only a small share of the family property. After that, Nurhachi and his younger brother made a living by digging ginseng and picking mountain goods, etc., to support themselves, and often went to Fushun and other places within the border wall to exchange markets with the Ming Dynasty military and civilians, and supported themselves and their families by means of trade and barter (Nurhachi had already married at this time).

In the eleventh year of Wanli (1583), Li Chengliang was once again ordered to send troops to crusade against the right guard of Jianzhou, in order to completely eliminate the power of Atai; At that time, the Ming army sent troops to attack the cities of Gule and Shaji on the right guard of Jianzhou, and also surrounded Ataibu with Nikan Wailan, the lord of Tulun City, as a guide. Atai's wife is Jue Chang'an's daughter, so Jue Chang'an, who feels that his daughter is in danger, took his son Takshi to venture into Gule City before the Ming army besieged the city, and came to persuade Atai to surrender to the Ming army, and if not, he would also take his daughter out of danger.

However, the guide of the Ming army, Nikan Wailan, had long coveted the territory of the Jianzhou Left Guard, and wanted to kill Jue Chang'an and Takshi by the hands of the Ming army, so that the Jianzhou Left Guard would be leaderless, so that he could take the opportunity to seize this long-coveted sphere of influence.

As a result, Nikan Wailan not only instigated the Ming army to attack the city as soon as possible, but also hyped up the false military situation outside the city that "those who kill Atai will be crowned the lord of Gule City"; In a melee, more than 2,000 people were killed by the Atai brothers and the people of Jianzhou's right guard, and Juechang'an and Takshi, who wanted to persuade peace, were also mistakenly killed by the Ming army during this period.

Afterwards, the twenty-five-year-old Nurhachi learned that his father and ancestor had been mistakenly killed by the Ming army, so he was indignant and sent a document to the Ming Dynasty, demanding an explanation from the Ming army. After returning the bodies of Jue Chang'an and Takshi to Nurhachi, he gave him thirty edicts (used for tributary trade) and thirty horses, and let Nurhachi inherit the official position of the commander of the left guard of Jianzhou, plus the official rank of "Dragon and Tiger General" (military rank is the second grade), and the governor of the capital.

With this official identity certified by the Ming Dynasty, Nurhachi officially entered the entrepreneurial stage; After that, Nurhachi used the thirteen pairs of armor left by his father and ancestors as the original capital, and began the military conquest process of unifying the three Jurchens in Jianzhou and even other Jurchen tribes in eastern Liaodong; Thirty-two years later, in the forty-fourth year of Wanli (1616), Nurhachi, who was fifty-seven years old at the time, basically unified the Jurchen tribes in eastern Liaodong (only the Haixi Jurchen Yehe tribe still exists, but it is still surviving and precarious); In this year, Nurhachi proclaimed himself emperor and Khan in his home city of Hetuala, with the country name "Dajin" (Later Jin), changed the Yuan to the "Mandate of Heaven", and called himself "the wise Khan of the overlay countries".

The rest of the story is the process of Nurhachi's formal confrontation with the Ming Dynasty and the battle of strategy.