Chapter 448: Zhejiang New Deal
"Zhao Qian, the head of the household, has seven people, the original land is 12 acres, and now the average field is 28 acres, and the grain is 28 stones......"
"The head of the household, Wang Mu, two people with a household registration, originally two acres of land, now eight acres of land, eight acres of grain, and ...... of grain"
"Wu Hui, the head of the household, has one household registration, originally had no land, and now has four acres of land and four stones ......of grain."
In mid-September, in Ji'an Town, Yongning County, Ji'an Prefecture, Jiangxi Province, a mighty Juntian Movement was going on at this moment.
Jiangxi Ji'an Prefecture, as the concentration of Jiangxi officials, is undoubtedly the place where the most officials have been transferred and the most acres of land have been seized.
With the arrival of the new government officials, the liuguan and officials delegated by the imperial court began to take over the affairs of Ji'an Prefecture, the most important of which was the Juntian policy.
With the end of the autumn harvest, those former tenants were given their own farmland after being organized by Qi Min.
Most of the grain they harvested was handed over to the imperial court, which in turn gave them rations for the coming year.
No one felt uncomfortable with such a policy, because they were all immersed in the joy of their sudden getta.
"Wang Juren's field is mine now!"
As a well-known bachelor in town, the thirty-two-year-old Wu Hui grinned, and despite his coarse linen clothes and unkempt hair, he now felt that he was the richest man in the world.
Although he is a bachelor, he is not lazy, and he is only single until now because his family is poor.
For the past twenty years, he has lived as a tenant of the town's Wang Juren, and every year the fields he tended could yield more than two and a half stones per acre, but the grain that belonged to him was only one stone and two buckets.
Twenty years have passed, and the money he has saved for many years is only five times, and he originally thought that this life would be like this, but with the opening of the Juntian movement of the imperial court, he also got his own land, and it was also a paddy field.
Four acres of paddy field, with his ability, can produce more than ten stones per year.
Even if he used to pay about 30% of the land tax and miscellaneous taxes every year, he could still leave nine stones of grain, not to mention that now he only collects taxes.
Under the condition of good management, he can harvest at least nine stones a year, and in addition to his own rations, he can save at least six stones, and the surplus money after selling it is almost equal to his efficiency in the past ten years.
How can such a change make a tenant like him unhappy and unhappy?
"Oh my field!!"
On the ridge of the field, thousands of people in Ji'an Town excitedly threw themselves on their fields, and from then on they were no longer tenants, but landlords.
The days of suffering are over, and all thanks to the new policies of the imperial court.
In an instant, these peasants, who had been instigated to resist the New Deal, now became the staunchest supporters of the New Deal.
Now it is not the imperial court that is most afraid of the people who have been exiled, but their group of peasants who have shared the land......
"There are more than 12,576,000 people and more than 42,133,000 mu of cultivated land, including 34,276,000 mu of paddy fields, more than 297,000 mu of irrigated land, and 7,540,000 mu of dry land."
"The more than 16 million mu seized by the imperial court has been evenly distributed to more than 8 million people through the number of mouths, and more than 60% of the people in Jiangxi have received benefits."
At the beginning of October, with the complete end of the Juntian Movement, Zhu Gaoxu in the Chunhe Palace also got the results of the Jiejin case and the Jiangxi New Deal.
According to the report of Guo Zi, the head of the household, a smile appeared on Zhu Gaoxu's face standing in front of the windowsill:
"It has been evenly distributed to more than 8 million people, that is to say, there are at least 8 million people who have four acres of arable land per capita?"
"Back to Your Highness, that's right." Guo Zizuo responded, while continuing:
"Jiangxi's Qi people are very fast, and there are currently 2.16 million people living in the city, and there are more than 1.4 million people in the townships and towns left."
"The population of townships and towns has basically met the standard of four mu per capita, with a small number exceeding and a small part insufficient."
The new policy was mainly aimed at the gentry and wealthy households in Jiangxi, and there was no target for some rich peasants, and even if it was not targeted, Jiangxi's cultivated land would certainly not be enough for the people to share equally.
"Jiangxi's population is still too dense, and I plan to move to Guizhou with less than three acres of cultivated land per capita, what do you think?"
Zhu Gaoxu asked Guo Zi, and Guo Zi frowned when he heard this: "There are still many of those criminals who have not yet arrived at the distribution point, and their rations are also a big burden for the imperial court. ”
"The reason why this year can be maintained is mainly due to the confiscation of part of the land seized this year."
"If you want to move the people, the minister suggests that it start again next year."
At this point, Guo Zi presented a booklet: "This is the field grain of more than 16 million mu of cultivated land seized this year, according to the rules, 50% of the people are left according to the head, and the rest is handed over, totaling more than 1726,000 stones." ”
"In addition, the Jinyiwei and Xichang raids are also on it, with a total of more than 5,000 mansions and villas, more than 69,700 taels of gold, 4,364,900 taels of silver, more than 1,770,000 copper coins, more than 2,460,000 treasure banknotes, more than 140,000 pieces of antique calligraphy and paintings, and more than 3 million stones of grain."
I have to say that it has to be the fastest to get money from the family, even in the Ming Dynasty before the Great Voyage, there was not a lot of gold and silver hidden by the gentry and wealthy households.
"Treasure money was destroyed, gold was put into the treasury, silver and copper coins were minted in the treasury and deposited in the treasury."
"Antique calligraphy and paintings were sent to Beijing, entered the interior, and the courtyards were handed over to local governments for sale."
In just a few words, Zhu Gaoxu solved the problem of this seizure.
Compared with the last time the thunder and rain in the six provinces of Jiangdong were small, Jiangxi can be said to be a representative of making a fortune in a muffled voice.
Zhu Gaoxu remembered that he inspected the entire territory of Nanzhili last time, and finally found out that it was only more than a thousand yuan, and it had been spent after the implementation of the new policy, and now looking at Jiangxi, Zhu Gaoxu doesn't know how they saved so much money.
"With this money, Zhejiang's new deal can also be put on the table."
Zhu Gaoxu said, pushed a book of music over, and Yisha handed it over to Guo Zi, and Guo Zi immediately understood Zhu Gaoxu's intention after reading it.
[Wuzi, the epidemic in Yinxian County, Ningbo, Ningbo, Zhejiang, Fenghua, Dinghai, and Xiangshan counties, more than 9,100 people and men died]
"Last time there was a major epidemic in Wucheng, Gui'an, and Deqing counties, I issued a fatwa to talk about this matter, so that we should pay attention to the post-disaster treatment, but now not only has it not been contained, but it has spread to other five counties, causing more serious deaths and injuries from the epidemic."
"Zhejiang's officials should be rectified."
"Pass on my fatwa, after the lunar month, recruit 40,000 officials, transfer training to the south, and implement a new policy for Zhejiang!"
Zhu Gaoxu's voice came out majesticly, but Guo Zi was a little confused.
It's only October now, and there are still two months before the lunar month, and now the implementation time of the new policy is announced, isn't this a reminder for those guys?
It's just that this confusion didn't last long, and Guo Zi thought of what Zhu Gaoxu meant.
The New Deal faction is powerful, and if Zhejiang is suppressed in one go, then the New Deal faction is really dominant above the temple.
A temple with only one voice is undoubtedly terrifying for the incumbent.
"Decree ...... of the Minister's Decree"
Guo Zi took the decree, and then slowly withdrew from the Chunhe Palace.
Shortly after his withdrawal, news began to spread that Zhejiang was about to implement a new policy.
For such news, the people in the temple understood what this meant, and the New Deal faction was a little uncomfortable, while the Zhexi faction breathed a sigh of relief and hurriedly wrote to inform the local officials to make plans early.
What they can change is nothing more than the situation of land and household registration, such as some bad debts and corruption for many years, but they can't change it at all.
For a time, there was an endless stream of self-denunciating officials, and in October alone, 62 officials of the seventh grade or above reported themselves.
For them, Zhu Gaoxu confiscated them, but did not exile them.
For this group of people, there are not many people who can be connected to the nine clans, even if they migrate, and his target is always the officials and military households.
Time passed little by little, until the firecrackers went off, and the fourteenth year of Yongle came as scheduled, and a large number of graduating students were admitted to the officials according to their grades, and the teaching of students in the north began to move south.
On the sixteenth day of the first month of the fourteenth year of Yongle, just after the end of the Lantern Festival, Zhu Gaoxu issued a fatwa to the Governor's Office of the Six Armies.
The soldiers of the original 15 guards and four institutes of the Zhejiang Dusi were reorganized into three recruiting guards and transferred to the Daning garrison.
Daning, Xincheng, and Yingzhou three guards under the command of Daning Dusi went south to Zhejiang to change defenses.
In addition, the remaining 12 guards and four guards of the Zhejiang Metropolitan Division, which were controlled by the two guards of Zhaozhou and the two guards of Jilin who listened to the exercises in Beijing, went to the border of Guangxi, and became a citizen.
When the fatwa was issued, the four guards of Zhaozhou had already arrived in Zhejiang, and began to reorganize the Zhejiang capital division, and finally supervised the more than 70,000 tuntianwei of the twelve guards and four institutes, and migrated to Guangxi by sea ship.
Behind the 70,000 Tuntian guards are more than 300,000 relatives, so this border is nothing more than a migration.
The Tuntianwei of the Zhejiang Dusi had not fought for nearly forty years, and the weapons and equipment were also left over during the Hongwu period, so no one dared to resist in the face of the supervision of the four guards of Zhaozhou.
Nearly 400,000 military families were relocated, and the places where they were once stationed were set up as counties.
The officials of the new government who arrived first began to appease the surrounding people, took over the local cultivated land and continued to cultivate, while the 400,000 military households who migrated to Guangxi were resettled in Guangxi according to the money of 30 yuan per household, 40 stone of grain, and the distribution of ploughing cattle.
This migration continued from the sixteenth day of the first lunar month to the third month, and the New Deal army in the north also entered the territory of Zhejiang, began to investigate Zhejiang, and implemented the New Deal.
After more than ten years of boiling away Jiangdong and Jiangxi, the rest of Zhejiang came into being.
Under the organization of the army and tens of thousands of officials, Zhejiang's new policy began to be implemented, and Guangxi in the south also frequently reported successes.
In mid-July, Mu Chun, the Duke of Qianguo, and Li Jinglong, the Duke of Cao, quelled the Miao Yao rebellion in Datengxia, and the Qi people of Guangxi organized households and measured the land.
The 400,000 military households who migrated from the mountains were placed in the vast land of the Guizhong Plain together with the Miao Yao people who migrated from the mountains in townships and towns, and the books were constantly updated until they arrived on Zhu Gaoxu's desk in winter and October.
[11 prefectures, 48 prefectures, 50 counties, 524,327 households, 2,464,232 mouths, 13,765,427 acres of cultivated land]
[Seven thousand three hundred and sixty-four taels of gold were seized, seven hundred and ninety-three thousand six hundred and twenty taels of silver, one hundred and seventy-five thousand two hundred and twenty thousand pieces of money, seven hundred and ninety-four thousand stones of grain, one thousand four hundred and twenty thousand horses and twenty-three thousand seven hundred and fifty thousand cattle, and three million seven hundred and forty thousand ...... of land]
"Compared with Jiangxi, Guangxi's toast is really poor."
Holding the song, Zhu Gaoxu sighed, after all, judging from the seizures on the song, even if fifty percent was divided equally by the army, it only added up to four or five million.
On the other hand, in Jiangxi, there are still more than 20 million folds of color after removing treasure money and cultivated land, which is close to the Ming Dynasty's forty percent fiscal revenue.
"Compared with the 14 years of Hongwu, the population has increased by nearly 1 million, and the cultivated land has increased by more than 3 million mu."
After evaluating the situation in Guangxi, Zhu Gaoxu said to Yisha:
"Fatwa Zhang Fu attacked the Duke of England and awarded Zhang Chun as the Earl of Sicheng, Sheng Yong as the Earl of Xunzhou, Liu Zhen as the Earl of Qingyuan, and Meng Ying as the Earl of Baoding......"
"In addition, since Chen Gong attacked the Duke of Jingguo, then Chen Mao will be tired of Ning Yangbo."
"As for the Duke of Qianguo, Duke Cao Guo, Duke Yingguo, Marquis of Jiangyin and others, they each reward a Nanyang Copper Mountain."
"Officers and men of all armies shall be rewarded and promoted according to their merits......"
After explaining everything, Zhu Gaoxu rubbed his brows: "Where is Zheng He?" ”
A month ago, Zheng He crossed the Little Western Ocean and arrived at the Thousand Households of Manraka Customs, and now a month has passed, Zheng He has almost arrived in Liangguang, so Zhu Gaoxu specially asked.
"Zheng He is now stopping at Jiaozhi, and is ready to hand over the cinchona bark he brought back to Fu Rang, so that Fu Rang can go deep into Changshan to encircle and suppress the barbarians."
Yisha explained, and Zhu Gaoxu also looked up at Yisha.
He is eleven years older than Zhu Gaoxu, and now Zhu Gaochu is thirty-four, and he is also forty-five years old.
The people around him have gone from young to old, and although he is in the prime of life, he can also feel the passage of time in him.
"Zhejiang's new deal is faster, and then the new deal will be carried out in Huguang, Guangdong, and Fujian."
"When the new policies in Zhejiang and these three places are over, the situation of the imperial court will be clear at a glance."
The situation mentioned by Zhu Gaoxu is the financial situation under the new policy system of the Ming Dynasty at this time.
"Your Highness......"
Suddenly, footsteps came from outside the hall, and the eunuch on duty walked into the hall to make a gesture: "Huang Fu, the secretary of the Ministry of Works, asks to see His Royal Highness......
"Let him in." Zhu Gaoxu nodded, and the eunuch on duty quickly summoned Huang Fu into the palace.
Huang Fu walked into the hall in his regular clothes and said to Zhu Gaoxu:
"The railway survey has been completed, but when the survey reached Peking, His Majesty issued a decree ordering officials to survey the railway from Peking-Baicheng-Hecheng-Zhenlu."
"Your Highness, look ......"
Although Zhu Di is the Son of Heaven, Huang Fu should also listen to Zhu Di, but Zhu Di doesn't understand railways after all, so Huang Fu wants to ask Zhu Gaoxu first.
After hearing this, Zhu Gaoxu smiled and said, "The old man is thinking about building a railway to fight Mobei......"
"You don't have to worry about this matter, just let me write to the old man, the railway has to be built, but the value of this railway is too low, if it is built now, I don't know if it will not be able to return to the capital until the Year of the Monkey."
"When the construction of the Liangjing Railway begins, I will naturally send someone to survey out a new railway."
After Zhu Gaoxu explained, Huang Fu said: "The minister asked people to try to build a one-mile railway, and the cost is higher than the original estimate of 6.3 million guan, I'm afraid it will be about 8 million." ”
Huang Fu said the cost, and this cost does not seem to be as high as the cost of five million pounds at the end of the Qing Dynasty, but considering the price, the actual cost of the railway is not low.
"No matter how much it costs, you have to build it." Zhu Gaoxu's tone was unquestionable, and Huang Fu also said:
"The materials should be sufficient, after last year's upgrade, it is not a problem to stock up on 30,000 tons of iron every year to build the railway, and now as long as enough manpower is invested, it will be completed in about five years and more than three months."
"However, in order to prevent the theft of the railroad tracks, the minister suggested that warehouses be built along the route to transport the materials first, and then mobilize hundreds of thousands of people in one go to build more points without delaying the construction period."
The Liangjing Railway runs from Beijing east to south Cangzhou, Dezhou, Dongchang, Yanzhou, Xuzhou, Suzhou, Fengyang, Dingyuan, Chuzhou to Jiangpu.
The whole journey crossed the canal twice, and once crossed the Yellow River, in which the bridge of the canal can still be built, but the Yellow River is not.
The Ming Dynasty did not have the ability to build a bridge on the Yellow River, although Feng Sheng built the Yellow River Bridge in Lanzhou, but it was only a pontoon bridge, and it was impossible to pass the train at all, so in the end it was necessary to take a transit boat to the south bank, and take a train from the south bank from Fengyang to Jiangpu.
"8 million guan, completed in five years, to support 1.6 million guan ...... every year"
Huang Fu naturally knew that the imperial court had seized a lot of money in the Xie Jin case, but eight million guan was not a small amount, so he cautiously reminded Zhu Gaoxu.
However, now Zhu Gaoxu is rich and rich, and the seizure of the Xie Jin case is enough for the Ming Dynasty to build four such railways, so he decided to build this railway with a wave of his hand.
At the same time, he also said to Huang Fu:
"In addition to this railway, as the secretary of the Ministry of Industry, what railways do you think the Ming Dynasty still needs to build?"
"I think it's ......" Huang Fu seemed to have thought about this question a long time ago, so he said without thinking:
"The northeast is my granary facing the north, and it produces iron and gold, so it is natural to build it, but just now, Your Highness, you have already prepared, and the minister will not get an axe."
"If steam engine ships can also appear in the future, Nachen thinks that only one railway needs to be built south of the Yangtze River."
"That is, the railway that leads to Kunming and then to Manmo."
"In addition, in addition to the northeast railway, the north also needs to build a railway from the capital through Shanxi, directly to Xi'an, and then to Lanzhou."
Huang Fu's idea is conservative, after all, the railway costs a lot, and the Ming Dynasty does not have the ability to build bridges on the Yellow River, let alone the Yangtze River.
In the case of the possibility of steam engine ships in the future, Huang Fu believes that Sichuan, Huguang, Jiangxi and other banks of the Yangtze River can completely use steam engine ships, and the same is true for coastal provinces.
Only the southwest and northwest, which are not connected to river transportation, need two railways to deal with the local situation.
Although there are only two railways, the cost is not cheap, after all, there are many mountains and rivers along the way, and the cost is probably several times that of the Liangjing Railway.
These two railways are enough to keep the Ministry of Industry of the Ming Dynasty busy for more than ten years.
"Your idea is good, but it's still too conservative, the northwest railway should not be limited to Lanzhou, but should be built further west to Hami."
Zhu Gaoxu was very satisfied with the railway in the southwest, and the railway from Jiaozhi to western Yunnan was completed, so that the grain from Jiaozhi could be continuously transported to western Yunnan, while the military industry in the northeast and south of the Yangtze River could be transported to Jiaozhi by sea and by land to western Yunnan, helping the Ming Dynasty to control Sanxuan and Ten Comforts.
However, for the northwest, he felt that Huang Fu was too conservative.
The construction of a railway from Beijing to Datong, Taiyuan, Xi'an, Lanzhou, Suzhou, and Hami is something that Zhu Gaoxu must do in the next 20 years.
Only by building the railway in Hami can Zhu Gaoxu recover the Western Regions in the future when the Eastern Chagatai Khan is in civil strife, which is something he can do in his lifetime, and he will naturally not let it go.
Moreover, he can only change the Ming Dynasty, but cannot change the earth, so the Xiaoice River period will still arrive two hundred years later, and the northwest will still break out for more than ten years of drought.
Once the Northwest Railway is completed, the grain from the south can be transported to the north and northwest by sea and the Liangjing Railway, as long as there is no emperor like Wanli who does not even appoint ministers, resulting in a shortage of grassroots officials, these railways will be enough to solve the grain problem in the north.
"Your Highness wants to recover the Western Regions?"
Huang Fu guessed Zhu Gaoxu's thoughts, and Zhu Gaochu did not hide it:
"I'm still loyal at the moment, so naturally I won't make a move on them, but being loyal now doesn't mean being loyal in the future."
"We also need to be well prepared, and if we encounter an invasion in the future, we must also have the ability to fight back and regain lost territory."
"The Western Regions are indeed large areas of yellow sand, but they are not without oases."
"With the ability of the imperial court, it is completely possible to develop millions of acres of arable land to cultivate in the capital of Yili Li, and feed tens of thousands of troops with the help of railways."
"After the advent of railways, many places will turn waste into treasure, for example, although it is difficult to cultivate in the north of the desert, there are many open-pit minerals."
"In the past, we didn't dig because the cost was too high, but now that we have railways, we don't dig anymore, isn't it cheaper to dig Varat and Tatar?"
"In addition to Mobei, Nanyang is the same, but it's too early to say this, you are only fifty-two, you and I still have more than ten or twenty years to go, don't worry about it......"
Zhu Gaoxu remembered that Huang Fu seemed to have lived to the orthodox years, much longer than his historical self.
If it weren't for Zhu Gaoxu's frequent letting doctors check on him to make sure that he didn't have any hidden diseases, he might not be able to say this to Huang Fu confidently.
After all, all his dead bones are gone, and Huang Fu is not dead.
"The minister is very honored...... The minister retired."
Huang Fu was respectful, and seeing that Zhu Gaoxu had nothing to say, he withdrew from the Chunhe Palace.
After he left, Zhu Gaoxu also touched his mustache, and then lowered his head to deal with the music.
While he was dealing with the slack, a fleet of ships thousands of miles away slowly approached a port from the southeast.
From afar, they saw the plaque hanging in front of the port, and the three big characters of Luzon Port made people cry when they saw it.
Standing on the deck, this group of soldiers wearing mandarin duck battle jackets burst into tears, while Hong Bao, who was standing in front of them, breathed a sigh of relief:
"After walking around, I'm finally back......"
(End of chapter)