Chatting and chatting, Dong Yiren couldn't help but sigh with emotion, "When the Son of Heaven was very excited about the appearance of our five people (Dong Yiren, Dong Aiyi, Dong Sanli, Dong Sizhi, Dong Wuxin) five people Dengke, thinking that this is a symbol of the Heavenly Empire's abundance of talents, so the Son of Heaven gave us (Dong Yiren, Dong Aiyi, Dong Sanli, Dong Sizhi, Dong Wuxin) five people a heavy reward, countless gold and silver treasures, and five beauties in the palace." ”

Speaking of which, Dong Yiren pointed to Dong Yiren, Dong Aiyi, Dong Sanli, Dong Sizhi, and Dong Wuxin's entourage of five beautiful girls who looked beautiful and told Dong Liuxiao.

This is, Dong Yiren, Dong Aiyi, Dong Sanli, Dong Sizhi, and Dong Wuxin's entourage, the five beautiful girls who look thousands of beautiful girls are looking at Dong Liuxiao again.

was so frightened that Dong Liuxiao hurriedly looked away.

Dong Yiren, Dong Aiyi, Dong Sanli, Dong Sizhi, and Dong Wuxin's entourage, but the five beautiful girls who looked charming seemed to be laughing.

At this time, Dong Yiren finally understood why his brother Dong Yiren, Dong Aiyi, Dong Sanli, Dong Sizhi, and Dong Wuxin were able to come from the capital.

In fact, the imperial examination appeared very early.

The so-called imperial examination was a system in which feudal dynasties selected officials through examinations. Because of the method of selecting scholars by subject, it is called the imperial examination. The imperial examination system was implemented from the third year of the Great Cause of the Sui Dynasty (607) to the last Jinshi examination in the 31st year of Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1905), which lasted for about 1,300 years. The imperial examination is not only a Chinese culture. From the perspective of the whole process of human social management changes, the imperial examination system is a kind of social management procedure (method step) for the cultivation, selection and use of social IQ and ability. He provides a visible, comparable, controllable, repeatable, and verifiable process and basis for the selection of social IQ ability, and improves the "professionalism, systematicness, accuracy, and efficiency" of the cultivation, selection, and use of social members' ability and intelligence. The procedural steps of the imperial examination system for the members of the society to "train and screen step by step, compare and eliminate one by one" have been recognized and accepted by various cultures around the world, and have become the core procedures of the experimental group/control group in the modern civil service system, the high school entrance examination system, the skill title evaluation system, sports competitions, and scientific research procedures.

Before the Qin Dynasty. Adopt the "Shiqing Shilu" system. Later, the military merit system was gradually introduced. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Son of Heaven divided the world. Under the Zhou ceremony, the social class is clear. The administration of the country is the responsibility of the Son of Heaven, the princes, the secretaries, and the scholars. And the various classes are hereditary according to blood. By the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, the stable system began to crumble. As a result, there are talents outside the system such as "guest secretaries" and "diners" who serve the monarchs of various countries. to the Han Dynasty. The system of sub-enclosure was gradually abolished. The centralization of the emperor's power was strengthened. In order to manage the country, the emperor needed to promote civilian talents. At that time, the probation system and the recruitment system were adopted, and the former was recommended by local governments at all levels to have both ability and political integrity. The latter is the central and local government to recruit talents from society. Those elected by the state are called Xiucai, and those elected by the county are called filial piety. The probation system lacked objective selection criteria, and although there was a system of joint sitting, the phenomenon of favoritism by local officials and false recommendations gradually appeared in the later period. There are also various drawbacks to the expropriation system. During the reign of Emperor Wen of Wei, Chen Qun established the Nine-Rank Zhongzheng System, which was divided into nine-grade recruitment by specific officials of the central government to assess civilian talents according to their background and morality. This system was used during the Jin and Six Dynasties. The Jiupin Zhongzheng system is an improvement of the probation system, mainly the power of probation is changed from local officials to officials appointed by the central government. However, the system has always been based on the selection of talents by magistrates. In the Wei and Jin dynasties, the clan was powerful, and often influenced the evaluation of talents by the central officials, and later even the criteria were limited to family backgrounds. As a result, the phenomenon of "no poor family in the upper grade and no scholar in the lower grade" has been created. not only blocked the people's talents, but also allowed the clan to control the court personnel and affect the emperor's power.

The ancient Chinese imperial examination system first originated in the Sui Dynasty. After the Sui unified the whole country, in order to adapt to the development and changes of feudal economic and political relations, in order to expand the requirements of the feudal ruling class to participate in the political power, and strengthen the centralization of power, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty returned the power to select officials to the central government, abolished the nine-product Zhongzheng system, and began to use the method of sub-examination to select officials. According to history, in the first month of the third year of the emperor's reign (583), Emperor Wen of Sui issued an edict to promote "virtuous and virtuous". It should be the seventh year of the emperor's reign (587), and he ordered the Beijing officials to be more than five grades, the chief manager, the assassin history, and the two subjects of "Zhixing Xiu" and "Qingping Ganji". [2] In April of the third year of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty (607), the edict decreed that civil and military officials who had a ministry could be "filial piety and good news", "virtuous and generous", "righteous and righteous", "clean conduct", "strong and upright", "unforgiving in the constitution", "excellent in academics", "beautiful in literature", "talented and strategic", "arrogant and strong", and other 10 imperial examination people. The second subject of Jinshi and the "trial strategy" to take the scholar, which marked the official birth of the imperial examination system. The word Jinshi was first seen in the "Book of Rites and the Imperial System", and its original meaning is the meaning of being able to enter and receive the lord. At that time, the main test was the political essay on the political life of the country at that time, which was called trial policy. Although this method of selecting scholars by subject and using trial strategies to select scholars was not a system at that time, it closely integrated studying, taking examinations, and serving as officials, thus opening a new page in the history of China's elections. Shen Jiji, the secretary of the Ministry of Rites of the Tang Dynasty, had a pertinent evaluation of this historic change: "The previous generation was selected, and the county of Jizhou was inspected...... As for Qi Sui, it is overwhelmed...... It is to dispose of the power of the state capital and return to the Ministry of Officials. Since the Sui Dynasty boycotted the external election, recruited people from all over the world, gathered in Beijing in spring and autumn, and gathered in the clouds. ”

After the fall of the Sui Dynasty, the emperors of the Tang Dynasty inherited the talent selection system handed down from the Sui Dynasty and made further improvements. As a result, the imperial examination system was gradually completed. Tang Taizong, Wu Zetian, and Tang Xuanzong were the key figures in perfecting the imperial examination system. In the Tang Dynasty, the subjects of the examination were divided into two categories: regular subjects and system subjects. The annual periodical examination is called the regular department, and the examination held temporarily by the emperor's edict is called the system department. There are more than 50 kinds of permanent subjects, such as Xiucai, Ming Jing, Jinshi, Junshi, Mingfa, Mingzi, and Mingsuan. Among them, the subjects of Ming Law, Ming Calculation, and Ming Characters are not taken seriously. Junshi and other subjects are not held often, and Xiucai is a subject, which was very demanding in the early Tang Dynasty, and later gradually abandoned. Therefore, the two subjects of Ming Jing and Jinshi became the main subjects of the regular subjects in the Tang Dynasty (Jinshi examined Shishi Shixue and poems, articles, and Ming Jing examined Shishi Shixue and Jingyi; the former is difficult, the latter is easy). After Tang Gaozong, Jinshike was especially important to the people. Many of the prime ministers of the Tang Dynasty were mostly Jinshi backgrounds. There are two sources for candidates in the regular course, one is a student and the other is a village tribute. Subjects who are born in Beijing and state and county schools, and are sent to Shangshu Province are called students, and those who are not from the school hall and first pass the state and county examinations, and then send them to Shangshu Province to take the test are called Xianggong. Those who enter Beijing from the township tribute are generally called lifters. The state and county examinations are called the Jiekao, and the examinations in Shangshu Province are commonly known as the provincial examinations, or the Ministry of Rites examinations. The Ministry of Rites Examination is held in the spring, so it is also called Chunqiu, which is also the meaning of the examination room. The two subjects of Ming Jing and Jinshi were originally just trial strategies, and the content of the examination was Jingyi or current affairs. Although the subjects of the two examinations have changed later, the basic spirit is that Jinshi emphasizes poetry, and Mingjing emphasizes scripture and Moyi. The so-called scripture is to open a page of the scriptures, cover the left and right sides, only open a line in the middle, and then cover the three characters with paper stickers, so that the test can be filled. Moyi is a simple written test of the words of the scriptures. As long as you are familiar with the scriptures and commentaries, you can pass the test, and the poetry needs to have literary talent. It was very difficult to get the first Jinshi, so there was a saying at that time that "thirty old Ming Jing, fifty young Jinshi". The regular examination was originally presided over by the examiner of the Ministry of Officials, and later changed to be presided over by the Ministry of Rites, which was called "Quanzhi Gongju". Jinshi and the first name is "Denglongmen", and the first place is called the champion or the head. The people on the same list want to pool money to hold a celebration activity, and the two young people on the same list explore the famous flowers in the famous garden, and call the flower explorer. It is necessary to go to the apricot orchard collectively to participate in the banquet, which is called the flower exploration banquet. After the banquet, they went to the Big Wild Goose Pagoda of the Temple of Mercy and Grace to inscribe their glory to show their glory, so they called the Zhongjin Shi "Wild Goose Pagoda Inscription". Tang Mengjiao once wrote the poem "After Dengke": "The spring breeze is proud, and I once saw all the Chang'an flowers. Therefore, the spring breeze has become synonymous with Jinshi and the first. After Chang Ke ascended to the top, he also had to go through the examination of the Ministry of Officials, which was called the selection test. Only those who pass the test can be awarded official positions. In the Tang Dynasty, Liu Zongyuan Jinshi and the queen, with erudition and macro words, was immediately awarded the "Jixian Hall Zhengzi". If you fail in the official examination, you can only go to the Jiedu envoy to become a staff member, and then strive to get an official position officially appointed by the state. After Han Yu passed the Jinshi examination, he failed to pass the three selection exams, and had to serve as a staff member of the Jiedu envoy before stepping into the officialdom. In the Tang Dynasty, not only the test results were obtained, but also the recommendations of famous people. Therefore, candidates have rushed to the door of the secretary of state and presented their masterpieces to them, which is called submitting papers. Those who vote to the Ministry of Rites are called public scrolls, and those who are voted to dignitaries and nobles are called line scrolls. The submission of the scroll does make talented people shine, such as the poet Bai Juyi's poem "Endowed with Grass on the Plain" to Gu Gu, which was highly praised by the old poets. However, there are also people who deceive the world and steal their reputation. Tang Taizong attached great importance to the cultivation and selection of talents. After he ascended the throne, he greatly expanded the scale of Chinese studies, expanded the school, and increased the number of students. In February of the first year of Wu Zetian's reign, the empress personally "asked the tribute people in the Luocheng Palace", which was the beginning of the temple examination in the Chinese imperial examination system, but there was no system in the Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, martial arts were also produced. Wuju began in the second year of Wu Zetian's Chang'an, 702 AD. The candidates for the martial arts are from the township tribute and are examined by the military department. The test subjects include horse shooting, infantry shooting, flat shooting, horse pistol, weight-bearing wrestling, etc. "Those who rank higher are awarded officials, and secondly, they are promoted by class." And the most famous martial champion in the Tang Dynasty was Guo Ziyi. During the reign of Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, poetry became the main examination content of the Jinshi department. During his reign, he personally interviewed candidates for the imperial examination eight times in Chang'an and Luoyang palaces, and admitted many very talented people. During the Kaiyuan period, high-ranking officials were appointed to preside over the examination, which improved the status of the imperial examination, and later became customized. (To be continued......)