Chapter 008: Superstring Theory
Now, the monsters who regard the Nine Kingdoms as the beginning of the Earth's cosmic journey are now in the Orion Dark Nebula, more than 1,300 light years away from the Nine Kingdoms, next to a star, and possibly a nebula that may become a sun, explaining the views of the universe in different worlds.
Because he has become a high god and has inhuman divine powers, Red Lotus Tong guò shows the science of the earth to the demons and giants in various simulated images, and explains it from a relatively simple level.
Lighting a cigarette again, Honglian continued the unfinished explanation: "At this time, general relativity and quantum mechanics have formed an incompatible situation, but nature is universal, if Einstein's laws are universal, quantum mechanics is also universal, but there is only one world. Let's put this aside for now, let's take a look at the typical Einstein of genius. ”
In 1933, Albert Einstein moved to a small town called Princeton, where he was alone and stubbornly adhered to the theory he had been working on for more than a decade, unifying gravity and electromagnetism. Although the propaganda agencies of the time advertised his imminent success every few years, most of his peers believed that he had gone in the wrong direction and that his glory days were history. ”
"Einstein had already parted ways with fundamental physics research in his later years, and he was not reading the research papers of his peers, and many people believed that he did not know the existence of weak nuclear forces, that he did not pay attention to those things, and that he had always insisted on the research he had started many years ago. By the time theoretical physics began to study the atom, Einstein had clearly left the circle. In a sense, he doesn't trust the results of the real verification at all. This means that quantum mechanics did not have the slightest influence on his later research, and his thinking in his later years was somewhat rigid. A compassionate older man who led the change in his early years. But they didn't last to the end. ”
More than 20 years later, this scientific giant passed away, and for many years, his dream of unifying various forces in a single theory seemed to have gone with him, and the search for unity was also stagnant in the field of physics. In the decades since his death, few orthodox physicists have done research on the unity of forces. ”
Since then, the physics community has been divided into two schools, with some using general relativity to study large, heavy objects. Examples include planets, galaxies, and the universe, while the other school uses quantum mechanics to study the tiniest objects, such as atoms and particles. It's like a pair of brothers, the family is under the same roof, but they don't care about each other, and they are strangers. It seems that there is really no way to unify general relativity and quantum mechanics in a single theory that can explain everything from all angles. ”
"Still, humanity is progressing. However, there is another problem, until a unified theory is found, there will always be some unfamiliar areas in the vast universe. It's something that people don't know all about. At this point, there is nothing more convincing than a black hole. ”
Saying this, Red Lotus paused. glanced at Elandi on the side, only to see her reply in a heart-to-heart connection: "You talk first." When the time comes, we will go to the black hole to see it for ourselves, and this will not affect it. ”
Some of the worries in her heart were echoed by Elandi. Red Lotus began to continue the explanation, and at this time, he pulled out an elemental line with his hand.
"An astronomer named Schwarzschild first proposed what would become known as black holes in the 1916 year of the Earth calendar. During a campaign on Earth, he discovered the solution of Einstein's equations in the general theory of relativity in a novel and complex way, and through the calculation of the trajectory, Schwarzschild realized that a huge mass like a very dense star can be concentrated in a very small range. ”
The element was first drawn into a circle, like a star, and then quickly shrunk into a very small area, and suddenly, a small black dot appeared.
"Remember the space-time pattern? The effect of this would be to deform space-time so much that all matter, including light, could not escape its gravitational field. At the time, this theory was criticized as a theory and could not be considered science. It wasn't until decades later, when they observed regions of deep space that generated enormous gravitational pull with an instrument similar to the limit of the visitation range (space telescope), that black holes were recognized by most scientists, and it was not until later that their existence was thoroughly known. ”
"Then here's the problem. If you're trying to figure out how a star collapses into a black hole, what exactly happens there, is it using general relativity, because the star is huge, or is it quantum mechanics, because it's so small. That's the problem, black hole centers are both massive and small, and it's inevitable that this requires the application of both general relativity and quantum mechanics. ”
And when scientists start to study, conflicts arise, and they give meaningless predictions, and the universe is not meaningless, there must be a reason for it. Quantum mechanics works for very small objects, while general relativity explains planets and galaxies very well, but everything from atoms to galaxies is an integral part of this world, so there must be an explanation that explains everything. ”
The demon giants nodded, waiting for Red Lotus's continued explanation.
Retracting the black hole model, Honglian smiled: "The two statements must not be separated, this is like the Yin and Yang Theory in the East, which complement each other. So, those scientists came up with a new theory, string theory. This is a theory that promises to unify the theory of studying large objects and small objects, and this is the long-awaited unity, so that the universe can be explained from all angles. ”
"Abandoning the perspective of elementary particles, string theory claims that all energy and all matter in the universe are composed of one element, and that tiny band-energy oscillating filaments, which are called strings. A string can vibrate in different ways, of course, one point can't do it, and different vibrating strings represent different elementary particles. Well, like the violin strings in my hand, each note can describe a particle, so it has an extraordinary ability to do the same. Naturally, different forces and particles are unified because they all come from different vibrations of the basic strings. ”
This theory, though simple, is far-reaching, and it describes to humanity the prospect of how the universe came into being, and why did it exist the way it did? Of course, this fascinating theory is still criticized, because it is almost impossible to discover, it faces a practical problem, how to verify it, has become the biggest problem of this theory, if it cannot be verified like a normal theory, then string theory is not science, it is philosophy. Of course, in the eyes of some villains, it will be called pseudoscience. ”
Sophia asked, "Is that finally unified? Does this theory give birth to some new problems?"
"Yes, there are new problems, this theory has been developed for decades, and finally developed into an eleven-dimensional theory, and some new problems such as cosmic membranes, gravitons, etc., which have not been fully proven, so let's stop here. Let's continue our trip. ”
The demon giants nodded, but thinking about it, now they are just a conjecture, even if they have the ability to find it, what if they have the ability to find it? Now it is to explore how the universe was formed, as long as there is a theory, the real practice is not the actual yàn of the earthlings, but the development of spells, and it is best to be able to realize the mystery of the creation of gods.
At this moment, a star not far from them erupted, and gas and dust suddenly began to eject from both ends of it, and with the vision of God, it was two rays of light that were millions of kilometers away, which was like a gourd string with only one sugar gourd, and there were many such stars, all of which were gourd strings.
"Let's go, let's look at it from a distance, these nebulae are stellar factories, although you can't stay here for millions of years, but you just need to know how it came to be, and what the results will be after calculation. ”
As the distance widened, the shining red balls of light gradually became smaller, if you didn't see it with your own eyes, it was really hard to imagine the shock, one by one future stars that were many times larger than the earth, at this moment, they were like gravel in the nebula, not to mention the ten gods of the demon moon. Even if Xiaolan transforms into a 10,000-meter body, her length can't even compare to the earth, how can she compare with the nebula in front of her, at this time, she is even a small snake, and then the distance is widened, and she becomes a little snake, a little snake, a little snake, and thirty-five little snakes behind......
"This stellar factory is the Orion Horsehead Nebula, there is no wind here, and it may take tens of thousands of years for it to dissipate. Now, you know how big the universe is, right?"
"What a horse's head, Elandi, can your body become so big, or as small as a string?"
"Let's go, I'll take you through it first, and I'll tell you about stars, solar systems, black holes, and so on. ”
Elendi didn't tell the people in front of her about her situation, because even now, they weren't qualified to touch the higher realms.
Xiaolan worked hard to fly at great speed with the demon giants, but because of the cosmic energy absorbed by Elandi, not only was he not tired, but he was alive and vigorous, and the more he flew, the faster he fought, and the speed of light had already exceeded it, violating some of the basic laws of physics of the universe.
"See, that's the luminous cloud, that's the colorful gas that stars turn into after they die, red, purple, blue, and green are nitrogen, helium, oxygen, and hydrogen respectively, which are the basic raw materials of the universe and life, and only they can make life appear and form a new small universe. It is also the source of life for many living beings. (To be continued......)