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A new report from the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) shows that about 40% of homicide cases in the United States went unsolved in 2017 and became headless cases. In 2017, data from 16,000 law enforcement agencies across the U.S. were aggregated, and a total of 15,657 murders were reported, but 38.4% went unsolved, for a total of 6,012.

The accumulated cases that have been solved will be counted in the detection data, so there will be no major changes in this data. What does it mean that nearly 40% of homicides go unsolved every year, which means that more than 6,000 people are killed in vain every year in the United States, and the murderers do not have to bear any responsibility.

Since the 60s of the 19th century, at least 200,000 homicide cases in the United States have remained unsolved, and the murderers are at large. Moreover, the so-called solving rate of the American police does not mean that the court sentences, as long as the police arrest or lock up the suspect, even if the case is solved, even if the court finally decides not guilty, it is considered to be solved...

Considering the lengthy judicial system in the United States and the judicial attitude of never suspecting a crime, the conviction rate has always been low, so the actual detection rate of homicide cases in the United States will only be lower. Detroit, the worst city in the United States, has a homicide solving rate of only 14%, and the actual detection rate is as low as single digits, which is miserable, and can be called the most dangerous city in the United States.

In 2003, China announced the implementation of a judicial system that benefits the people in solving homicide cases, and in 2016, the rate of solving homicide cases in China reached 96%. The system of murder cases must be solved has been the subject of overwhelming controversy. First of all, the masses are questioning, the ordinary people think that it is not a matter of course that the murder case must be solved, everyone is dead, they have been killed alive, and there are still 4% of the murder cases that let the murderer go unpunished, what is the police station for, are they all eating dry food?

Then there are the doubts of criminal investigation experts, who believe that the murder case must be solved does not conform to the objective law, and it cannot be done with the current technical means, and forcibly requiring the murder case to be solved is very easy to cause unjust, false and wrongful cases.

Li Changyu, a top expert on criminal investigation of Chinese Americans, said that the actual detection rate of homicide cases in the United States can exceed 30 percent, which is already a very high level, and the detection rate of homicide cases exceeding 80 percent should be criticized. However, there are still many people who say that as long as there is no case that the police cannot solve at any cost, of course the murder case must be solved.

I'll show you today how difficult a murder case is to solve and how much it costs to solve a murder case.

1

In the eighties and nineties of the last century, when we watched Hong Kong and Taiwan movies, we often saw this scene, that is, criminals wanted to "kill people and kill people".

What is called killing people and killing people, that is, after committing a crime, killing the victim, and then you can not bear legal responsibility. Movies come from life, and movies dare to be made like this, and the reality is not too much. If the murder case had really been solved at that time, no criminal would have dared to "kill people and kill people".

Originally, it was just a crime of robbery, but after the mouth was extinguished, it became a crime of murder, and the fool killed it.

The criminals dared to silence him, that is, after the murder was determined, the police could not find him at all. The technical strength of the police in Chinese mainland was not as good as that of Hong Kong, Taiwan and the United States at that time. The reason why Chinese mainland introduced the system of solving murder cases in 2003 was to crack down on the arrogance of criminals, which is directly related to the fact that the main perpetrators of many homicide cases in the eighties and nineties went unpunished and could not solve the cases for a long time. On the evening of April 8, 1997, in Shangbei Village, Haojing Township, Chang'an County, Jia Xiaoni's mother cooked a meal and was waiting for her daughter to come home from work. Jia Xiaoni is 18 years old, working in a village-run factory, very close to home, it only takes ten minutes to ride a bicycle, and she is also a very well-behaved girl, who used to go home on time every day. But on this day, Jia Xiaoni's mother waited and waited, the food was cold and hot, hot and cold, and she never waited for her daughter to come home.

The mother panicked and asked Jia Xiaoni's father to go to the factory to find his daughter, but the doorman said that Jia Xiaoni had already gone home. The family hurriedly dispatched and searched for the whole night, but did not find their daughter. The Jia family reported the case, and at the same time mobilized relatives and friends to screen all the 10 kilometers, but Jia Xiaoni was still not found.

Until the fourth day, in the crop field less than 100 meters away from the village, an aunt in the village accidentally found Jia Xiaoni's body. When the police arrived at the scene, they were stunned by the tragic death of Jia Xiaoni, who was naked and her eyes were prominent. The police determined that Jia Xiaoni was raped by criminals and strangled to death, and her bicycle and purse were all snatched. What's even more terrifying is that the vulva of Jia Xiaoni's body was also burned by criminals with fire, which is a perverted murderer.

The Xi'an Criminal Investigation Brigade quickly took over the case, and after a preliminary judgment, it was found that this was a habitual offender. The criminals were bold and dared to commit crimes only 100 meters away from the village, without fear of Jia Xiaoni's call for help. This shows that he did not have the slightest softness when committing the crime, and he also had absolute confidence, so that Jia Xiaoni did not have the opportunity to make a voice for help.

The autopsy found that Jia Xiaoni's ribs were crushed alive, which shows that the murderer's strength is very large. Such a ferocious, such skilled habitual murderer, this is certainly not the first time to kill.

Homicide and rape cases generally do not rob property, suggesting that criminals may be poorer. According to the analysis of the scene situation, the police believe that the suspect should be between 18~45 years old, ruthless, like to go out day and night, may have a criminal record before, etc., and the family is poor. At the scene, the criminal police extracted key evidence such as the criminal's **.

Before 1997, there were an average of two homicides a year in Xi'an, but in just one year from 1997 to 1998, there were 45 rape cases in Xi'an, 12 of which died. Jia Xiaoni's case is completely consistent with the modus operandi of the serial murder case at that time, and the police have been looking for this murderer, so this case was included in the Ministry of Public Security's supervision and handling of major cases.

All the evidence is here, and now you tell me how to solve this case.

At that time, there were no cameras, the criminal police visited the surrounding residents, no one heard Jia Xiaoni's cries for help, no one saw strangers entering and leaving, and Jia Xiaoni did not have a dispute with anyone.

In front of the criminal police, except for a few photos of the crime scene and a ** evidence, there is nothing, there is no clue at all, you can't just find a villager and say that he is the murderer.

In order to crack this case, the people's police in the entire Xi'an area were all mobilized, and as many as 15,000 police officers were dispatched to visit the area dozens of kilometers around Jia Xiaoni's murder. For a few months, the police in the entire Xi'an area did nothing and were busy with this case.

After paying such a big price, do you have any clues? No, more than 10,000 transcripts have brought nothing. The case was solved, purely by luck. The murderer's name is Wang Wanming, and when he committed the crime, he once attacked a young woman named Shi Yiru.

Shi Yiru is a proprietress who runs a small shop, usually moves goods by herself, and has a lot of strength, after Wang Wanming sneaked up on Shi Yiru, she couldn't subdue Shi Yiru for a while, and the two sides fought for nearly ten minutes, and Shi Yiru could still shout for help. Later, passers-by passed by, Wang Wanming fled in a hurry, and in the struggle, Shi Yiru clearly saw Wang Wanmin's face.

A few months after the incident, Shi Yiru accidentally saw the gangster who attacked him on the ground, and hurriedly ran to the police station, and the police immediately dispatched and directly arrested Wang Wanming.

During a search of Wang Wanming's house, the police unexpectedly found Jia Xiaoni's bicycle, purse, and other women's items. After DNA testing, Wang Wanming was the murderer of Jia Xiaoni. The evidence of the crime is conclusive and irrefutable, and Wang Wanming, who broke the jar and broke it, simply made all the moves. The court confirmed that Wang Wanming had committed a total of 52 rapes and killed a total of 20 people, an average of 1 person per month and raped 2.5 people.

If it weren't for Shi Yiru's luck to escape and accidentally meet Wang Wanming again, there would have been more female victims. The police have worked very hard, a transcript of an interview of several thousand words, the police have made more than 10,000 copies, and they have investigated all the investigations, but there is no clue.

This is the actual situation in the eighties and nineties of the last century, it is not that the police do not want to solve the case, it is really impossible to solve the case, let alone a small case, even if it is a big case supervised by the Ministry of Public Security, even if it is a big case, even at any cost, it may not be able to be solved.

Therefore, in the movies of the eighties and nineties of the last century, there was the practice of "killing people and killing people", which is not unusual, if there is no witness, the police really can't solve the case. Many people ignore the actual situation, advocating that confessions are invalid, it is easy to cause unjust, false and wrongful cases, and all physical evidence must be obtained, which completely ignores the technical reality at the time, if this was really done back then, it would be good if the murder case could be solved by 10%, and then the murder will become a common practice, and we dare not go out with trepidation, but we law-abiding citizens. The Baiyin extraordinarily large series of murders was at large for more than 20 years, and it was not until the birth of the "genetic genealogy forensics" technology that it was finally solved.

2

"Genetic Genealogy Forensics" is a major breakthrough in forensic technology, and was selected as one of the top ten scientific breakthroughs of the year by Science magazine in 2018.

This is how the "California killer" who has been at large in the United States for more than 40 years has been found, and China's silver super-large series of serial murders has also been solved by this technology.

What is "genetic genealogy forensics", didn't I just say it, in the Jia Xiaoni case, the police extracted key biological evidence such as the criminal's ** and hair, and obtained the criminal's DNA, and finally Wang Wanming was convicted, also because the DNA comparison matched completely. The question is, since there is DNA comparison technology, why not directly compare the DNA extracted from the scene with the DNA of people across the country, won't you find the murderer all at once?

The reason is simple, we do not have a national DNA bank, and there have always been people who say that we want to collect blood samples from all over the country and establish a DNA bank, which has been rejected by opponents on the grounds of invasion of privacy. No country in the world has ever succeeded in building its own DNA pool, let alone China in the 90s.

If you aimlessly match random matches, draw blood on a large scale, even if it is only in Xi'an, you will at least do DNA comparisons on millions of people to locate the murderer, which is an impossible task

。 If the murderer left Xi'an, it would be even more difficult. Later, someone invented a method, genetic genealogy technology, to search for criminals in a public repository of voluntarily uploaded DNA. According to statistics, an American will have an average of 850 third-degree relatives, and as long as one of these 850 cousins uploads his DNA information to the public gene bank, he can lock the range of target objects through long-term family search technology.

It only takes a gene bank of a few million people to cover the entire United States. By reducing the number of suspects from the whole country to 850, the police will naturally have a lot of means, and it will be much easier to narrow down the suspects and find the murderer again through the characteristics of the scene. In Baiyin City, Gansu Province, there was a murderer who killed 11 women in the same way from 1988 to 2002.

And the police, for a suspicious fingerprint, invested 7,000 police forces, but still did not find any useful clues.

Hair and other information were extracted from the scene, and DNA was available, but Baiyin City was not small, and where the suspect was, he still couldn't find it. After being listed as a major case supervised by the Ministry of Public Security, the silver case has still not been solved, and the real culprit has never been found.

In 2011, Baiyin City established a DNA laboratory with the support of the Ministry of Public Security, and gradually collected blood samples from all criminals in the city, and obtained more than 10,000 blood samples over the years, and established its own data platform On August 24, 2016, the technicians of the task force found that the Y chromosome of this group of blood samples, its 27 locus data, and the DNA extracted from the scene of the "8.05" crime in the Baiyin case are completely consistent. According to the "genetic genealogy forensics", the police directly locked on the suspect's family, and the murderer must be a member of the family that owns the Y chromosome.

This blood sample came from Gao Mouming, who was released on bail and returned to Baiyin after committing a crime in other places, and was collected at the police station. Following this clue, the task force immediately found 17 male members of Gao Mouming's family, collected blood samples one by one, and conducted DNA comparison. On the morning of August 26, 2016, the Baiyin City Public Security Bureau found Gao Chengyong in a commissary, and after DNA comparison, he was the suspect in the Baiyin extraordinarily large series of murders. In the face of hard facts, Gao Chengyong confessed to the murder of 11 women in Baiyin, Gansu Province and Baotou, Inner Mongolia, since 1988.

28 years of headless unsolved cases, with the support of new technology, directly solve the case. In recent years, China's public security has gradually improved, and the biggest contribution is not the genetic genealogy technology, but the Skynet system, which has made China's crime solving rate skyrocket.

3

Whether it is the case of Jia Xiaoni in Xi'an or the serial murder case in Baiyin, Gansu, the biggest problem is that there is no surveillance video of the crime scene, and the police do not know at all who came and who left at the time of the crime.

If the surrounding residents don't see anything, or if they see it but are afraid of causing trouble and don't want to say it, or if they don't take what they see seriously, then the clues will be cut off.

Therefore, in recent years, the Ministry of Public Security has vigorously built a Skynet system and placed a large number of cameras in public areas.

China has installed a total of 176 million surveillance cameras, 20 million of which are part of the Skynet program, also known as the Safe City program.

After the completion of the Skynet, the Guiyang police showed the "Skynet Project" to BBC reporter John Sudworth, who first took a photo of Sudworth's face with his mobile phone and uploaded it to the Skynet system, and Sudworth began his "absconding", and he was ready to go to the station. But under the Skynet, he simply had nowhere to escape. As soon as he left the police station, he was directly locked by the cameras on the pedestrian bridge.

Seven minutes later, Sudworth entered the train station, the monitoring system issued a direct warning, and several police officers on duty quickly appeared behind Sudworth.

Now China's Skynet system has evolved to recognize pedestrians' age, gender, clothing and other information, and even gait recognition, even if criminals are disguised, they may be caught.

Due to the existence of the Skynet system, the phenomenon of petty theft and street robbery on the streets of China has almost all been reduced to zero. No, even if you blow the Skynet system into the sky, they won't believe it, and if they were educated, they wouldn't have been reduced to making a living from robbery.

This group of habitual robbers has gone to prison and squatted, so the security on the streets is much better, and now you have heard the news of the bikers robbing the streets? No.

In the United States, on the other hand, there were 31,000 cases of smashing and stealing in San Francisco in 2017, and in broad daylight, thieves smashed car glass and stole the contents of the car, causing huge losses to car owners.

In such cases, the San Francisco police solve the case, less than two percent, because of the lack of surveillance video, so it is impossible to solve the case, the difficulty of solving such a case is no less than a homicide case, and the police are naturally reluctant to invest in the police.

The American media InsideEdition was preparing to record a related documentary, but I didn't expect that the first time I filmed, the film crew's car was smashed, and the filming equipment placed in the car was stolen...

If you are not punished, I don't care if you want to repair the glass for 1,000 or 2,000 yuan, even if there is only 1 yuan in the car, I will directly smash the glass and steal it. If you park your car on the side of the road, do you worry about someone smashing the glass and stealing the items inside? Don't worry at all, the car is parked on the side of the road, especially on the side of the road with surveillance cameras, it is very safe, and no one will smash the glass to steal property.

Because doing so is tantamount to sending him to death, and the thieves who dare to do this are not nothing, and they all squatted in the bureau. In areas where there are no cameras, thefts are high, but in areas where there are cameras, the incidence of thefts must drop dramatically.

Unconvinced thieves, thieves who don't recognize Skynet, thieves who dare to steal things in the camera control area, there must be, but such brain-dead people are all in the game, and naturally no one steals in the monitoring area.

Many theft cases, it's not that the police don't want to solve it, it's really impossible to break it, there are no clues at all, just know that someone stole it, collect a few footprints and fingerprints, lucky to get a hair, bad luck no wool, how do you let the police solve it, there are still blood stains in the homicide case, there are more clues than this.

But with surveillance video, it's different, if you directly shoot the picture of the thief coming in and out, then it's not too simple to solve the case, as soon as the face information is uploaded, the thief is arrested in minutes. On August 24, 2018, Zhao, a 20-year-old girl from Yueqing, Zhejiang, took a Didi hitchhiker and was violently raped by the driver Zhong.

After committing the crime, Zhong was afraid of the punishment of the law and "killed people" Zhao.

20 years ago, I watched too many movies, "killing people and destroying mouths" is a thing of the past, and people who still believe in this set today are either stupid or stupid.

Zhong's identity information, photos and other materials are readily available, all of which are registered in Didi, and he dares to kill people, he simply doesn't know whether he is alive or dead. After the identity information was entered into the Skynet system, a few hours later, the police locked Zhong's whereabouts from the surveillance. At about 4 o'clock in the morning of the 25th, Zhong was arrested by the Yueqing police and only absconded overnight.

Originally, he was just a rapist, but now he has become a murderer, and if he had known this, would Zhong still dare to commit murder? If every criminal knew that he would die if he killed someone, and it was impossible for him to escape legal punishment, no one would dare to kill someone.

As long as there are still people who are lucky, there will be innocent passers-by killed. More than 10 years ago, Chinese thieves and car robbers were rampant on the streets, the value of the case was small, there were few clues, and it was difficult to solve the case, leading them to think that they would not be punished for committing crimes, and the police could not catch them, so they repeatedly committed crimes, resulting in more and more victims.

If they commit a crime, the police only need to retrieve the video footage of the relevant area at the time of the crime, and they can lock the suspect, and after entering it into the Skynet system, they can directly and easily lock the whereabouts and arrest them. The credit of sending it to the door, why don't the police, no matter how small the mosquito legs are, it is meat, this is the benefit of new technology.

So in recent years, China's street crime has been greatly reduced, and now it is extremely rare, before criminals start, we must find out, whether there is a camera here, and the brain-dead who don't do it are all given to the police to give heads, nicknamed walking military merit medals.

The technology is becoming more and more advanced, and people's lives are becoming safer and safer. From the murder case must be solved, to the case must be solved, and every dollar stolen will fall into the legal net, I believe that the Chinese police will be able to do it in the future.