Doesn't latent heat explain the extra heat?"

As soon as Jia talked about friction and heat, some people below couldn't help but start arguing loudly.

"Wait a minute, please listen to me first. ”

Kaichi made a downward gesture to signal the other party to be quiet.

"I'll elaborate on these questions later, and I'll give you time to ask questions, and we'll move on with my thesis. ”

Kaichi took out the manuscript and looked at it, and continued, "Master Brown observed that tiny pollen would move irregularly in solution, but larger objects would not show this. In this case, we can think of it as a tiny pollen that is hit by molecules, so it has an irregular movement. If it is a large object, then this phenomenon cannot be observed because the impact of the molecules is too frequent and the force is applied from all directions, and according to the law of probability, the force on the object in all directions is canceled out, so it does not move. ”

Kaichi first proved from the side that molecules are moving all the time, and then deduced that heat is an inherent property of molecular motion, and there is no such thing as a definite substance.

The theory of molecular motion was not first proposed by Kaichi, but the combination of molecular motion and Brownian motion was first proposed by Kaichi.

After finishing his arguments, Jia began to demonstrate on the spot. He took out a set of devices, put a little pollen in the solution, and then used a microscope to observe it.

"Thanks to Anthony Hooke's invention of the microscope, we can visualize the microscopic world. ”

Jiayi invited Friteus, who put his hands forward, only to see a huge image reproduced above the microscope, and many tiny dust-like things could be seen moving irregularly inside.

Jiayi heated the bottom of the solution again, and the particles that were originally moving irregularly in the solution moved faster.

He crossed his hands and faced the audience: "We have seen that if the solution is heated, then the internal Brownian motion will be intensified, because the heating will increase the temperature of the solution, and the temperature rise is the molecular motion is intensified, and the impact on the particles becomes stronger, so the Brownian motion will be accelerated." This proves from the side that the molecules are in constant motion. ”

Hearing this, Laurent couldn't help but stand up: "Even if you explain the molecular motion from these sides, you can't prove that the heat mass is wrong, the heating is just the heat mass entering the solution, and the intensification of the molecular motion is not in conflict, the two can coexist, and this can also be regarded as the continuous movement of hot protons, and the increase of hot protons after the solution is heated, which makes the Brownian motion intensify." ”

Seeing that it was Laurent who spoke, the following immediately became lively,

"It's Brown, I can't think he'll be able to help but show up in person. ”

"Molecular thermal motion, in fact, is also a little interesting to listen to him say this. ”

......

Many people speculated that Laurent would come, but few expected him to come forward in person, and many people looked like they were watching a good show, so they almost brought out melon seeds and small benches - many of them did not have seats.

Seeing Laurent, Frittes put away his spell, his lips moved slightly, and the wind wrapped a beam of sound into Jiayi's ears: "This is Laurent." ”

Jia Yi smiled at Laurent when he heard it, although he didn't want to admit it, but in the eyes of the melon-eating masses, Jia Yi and Laurent are now the two most-for-tat people, both vying for the leadership of thermodynamics, and before this speech, Laurent still had the upper hand.

"Of course, this can be assumed, but don't forget that thermal mass has no mass, so it can't drive the Brownian motion of particles at all. ”

Jiayi retorted unceremoniously, "And there are actually some problems with the latent heat mass proposed by the thermal mass theory, I want to know, can the latent heat matter exist in a vacuum?"

Laurent was speechless for a moment, not knowing whether the latent heat mass should exist in a vacuum.

Jia Yi chased after him and said: "The heat mass is said to exist on the basis of matter, and there is no matter in the vacuum, so there should be no latent heat mass, and if I rub it in the vacuum, what if the heat that comes out is improved? ”

Without waiting for Laurent to speak, Jia Yi stretched out his hand one by one, made a gesture of invitation, and saw Frites come up to the rostrum again, Laurent stared at the two of them tightly, wanting to see what kind of experiment was done, and even forgot to sit down.

Frittes came to the stage, drew circles with both hands, created a vacuum, and then put two ice cubes in it, and the ice cubes floated in the center of the vacuum under Fries' control, and then he controlled them to rub against each other. As the two ice cubes rubbed, the middle part of the ice slowly seeped out of the water trail, and slowly, the entire ice cube turned into a puddle of water.

Jia Yi pointed to Forsman's experiment and said: "According to the theory of thermal mass, the transformation of ice into water can only be released by reducing the heat capacity and increasing the temperature, but the heat capacity of water is larger than that of ice, and it is necessary to absorb heat from ice to water, which is inconsistent with the experiment."

"Where does this extra heat come from? What about the conservation of heat mass? Do we still have to attribute it to latent heat mass? If there is a latent heat mass, how does it propagate in a vacuum? Or do we have to assume that latent heat mass is everywhere, like the legendary aether?"

With the fluctuation of light, the aether hypothesis has always been a hot topic, but in any case, no trace of the existence of the aether can be found, if the latent heat quality is the same as the ether, then everyone might as well believe in Jiayi's theory, it is better than relying on some ethereal latent heat like the ether.

The reason why people are willing to believe in the ether is because light does show fluctuations, and if the flow of heat and mass can also be represented by changes in temperature, then there is nothing in this latent heat mass that can be corroborated from the side.

Jia Yi's question asked Laurent at once, and he couldn't give a suitable answer for a while, so he could only say: "This can only show that the heat mass theory is imperfect, and it does not mean that the heat mass theory is wrong." Molecular motion does not mean that heat will be generated, and how can the heat generated by friction be explained in the theory of molecular motion, and how is heat generated?

In the friction of metal, there is some loss of mass, and I think the friction of ice cubes is not unexpected, and these lost masses are converted into heat. ”

"Your reasoning is wonderful, but it doesn't hold water, and we only need to weigh the ice and water to know if you're right. ”

At Jiayi's suggestion, Frittes did the experiment again, only to measure the ice before it rubbed, then rubbed it, and when the ice turned into water, he removed the vacuum environment and weighed the quality of the water.

Sure enough, there is no obvious difference between the two masses, which proves that in the friction, the parts of the friction that disappear do not release heat, they only change in shape, and the properties are exactly the same.

Laurent was really speechless this time, and stood stunned and speechless. This time, he didn't have anything to refute Jiayi's words.

Standing on the stage, Kaichi continued: "The most important thing in the theory of thermal mass is an inference, which is the law of conservation of thermal mass, but if we remove the thermal mass and treat the thermal mass as energy, heat is just a kind of energy, and these can also explain these current thermal phenomena. ”

"Allow me to do one last experiment for you. ”

He took out a small device and sent Fritteus to a separate vacuum, with an impeller on it, soaked in mercury, and a heavy weight on the outside, which, when lowered, caused the night road to rotate, and the rotating impeller generated heat.

"Based on the weight of the weight, the distance the weight falls, the temperature of the solution and the blade, and the specific heat capacity, we are able to calculate the thermal equivalent to judge the relationship between heat and other energy. ”

Jiayi spoke clearly and clearly, but every sentence was like a sledgehammer hammered into Laurent's chest, making him feel some blackness in front of him, and he didn't even notice what Jiayi said later.

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