Chapter 225: Royal Funeral

Yang Jiulang has never seen what the royal funeral looks like, and he has not even heard of it, let alone Zheng Ling and the children, fortunately, the officials of the Ministry of Etiquette have accompanied and guided the whole process from the beginning, the following is an excerpt from the historical truth, detailing the funeral process after the death of the emperor of the Song Dynasty,

After the death of the emperor, the edict was first read by the courtiers. The edict, also known as the "testament system", is the emperor's edict drawn up during his lifetime, to explain the posthumous affairs, "Song Hui Yao: The Great Funeral of the Past Dynasties" and "Song Dynasty Imperial Decree Collection" existing Taizu to Zhezong and Xiaozong to Ningzong, a total of ten edicts. From the extant documents, it is known that the content of each emperor's edict was different, but basically followed certain rules.

First, the edict begins with a description of his achievements during his reign, mostly to cover up his evil and overflowing beauty; or to say that he did his best during his reign to avoid disappointing the emperor's entrustment; and also explained that the reason for his illness was nothing more than that he had become ill from overwork, and although he had tried all possible medical methods, his condition never improved.

Second, when it comes to the candidate for succession, he describes the character of the heir and explains the reason for the establishment of the heir, and there are many beautiful words, usually saying that the crown prince has an excellent character, so he is chosen as the prince, "he can take the throne of the emperor in front of the coffin"; he instructed the new monarch to respect the queen mother as the empress dowager, the empress as the empress dowager, and the imperial concubine as the imperial concubine, and ordered the concubines not to interfere in political affairs. The heir "the emperor is the emperor in front of the coffin", showing the significance of the emperor's funeral, which is not just a simple funeral ceremony. In the process of presiding over the funeral, the new monarch also inherited the throne, symbolizing the continuation of the regime.

Third, "all the armies are rewarded", the edict instructs the heir to handle it independently, and there are not many existing relevant records, and the detailed situation is unknown.

Fourth, regarding the mourning and mausoleum system, it is said that "mourning clothes change to the sun and the moon" and "the mountain and mausoleum system is thrifty" can be found in each edict, and its legacy system of the Southern Song Dynasty emperor clearly stipulates that "there is no prohibition on ancestral shrines to marry".

Finally, at the end of the edict, the minister of civil and military affairs was exhorted to assist the heir to ensure that the country and society could be stabilized.

According to the "History of the Song Dynasty", "Song Huiyao" and other relevant historical materials, it can be roughly known that the funeral process is as follows: after the edict is announced, the ministers mourn, and then move to meet the new emperor, congratulate the new emperor on his accession to the throne, and express condolences to the emperor and the empress dowager. Since then, a series of funeral procedures have followed, and "Lin" is the word that appears most frequently in the literature.

For example, on the day of the emperor's death or within three days, the big funeral costume, the small Daxiang, the elimination, the Shuowang, the pawn crying, the Qiqi Palace, and the Qidian, the ministers will come and enter the name to consol. Beginning on the 27th or 37th day (14th or 21st) from the day of his death, every 7th day the retainers are to worship in person, and the 49th day is to end.

Before the start of other funeral procedures, the new emperor first appointed a number of officials in charge of funeral affairs, the most important of which were the five envoys of the mountain tombs, the five envoys of the mountain tombs were customarily served by the prime minister, and the others were ceremonial envoys, honor guard envoys, halo book envoys, and bridge and road envoys. Secondly, appoint the mountain mausoleum to be responsible for the survey of the cemetery. In addition, the writing of the name of the mausoleum, the book of mourning, the book of the confession, and the number of the discussion are also assigned to the ministers.

Four to eight days after the emperor's death, the "funeral clothes" are actually two different things, the "funeral" is to move the body of the deceased into the coffin, and the "clothes" are the living according to the relationship with the deceased, respect and inferiority, each according to the dress system to wear mourning clothes, after the dress will enter the mourning period, from the emperor, down to the people must wear different mourning clothes in accordance with the regulations. A memorial ceremony is held as usual on the day of the finished service, and it is reported that:

There is a priest to prepare a sacrifice, the emperor on the throne of the palace, the ministers and civil and military officials in place to cry, fifteen sounds, and then bow. The emperor made a memorial ceremony, the captain entered the wine, and the ministers read the blessing and bowed again. Taichang Qing praised the ceremony, the emperor hung his hat that is, the throne, and the ministers comforted.

The twelfth day after the emperor's death is a small auspicious day, which is reported:

The priest prepared the sacrificial food, the emperor ascended the throne in the palace, and the ministers, civil and military officials cried in place, raised the sound of fifteen, and bowed again. The emperor saluted and took the throne in the east. Hundreds of bureaucrats moved to the class to give consolation, the emperor released the decay clothes, and the civil and military and above changed to cloth heads, cloth shirts, waist ties, and cloth hakama.

After the memorial ceremony, the emperor and his ministers changed the mourning clothes they wore during the ceremony into a small auspicious dress. "Xiaoxiang" was originally the anniversary of the deceased, but the funeral of the emperor of the Song Dynasty adopted the system of "changing days and months", that is, the number of days instead of months, so the twelfth day was "Xiaoxiang". "Daxiang" is the second anniversary of the ceremony, "to change the moon with the sun" for the 24th day (or 25th) after the collapse of the emperor, the auspicious day should also be held as usual, but there is no specific content of the Northern Song Dynasty auspicious day memorial ceremony.

After completing a series of funeral rites and preparations, the funeral begins when the pre-selected burial date arrives. "Qi Zhan Palace" can be regarded as the beginning of the funeral, remove the "cover the palace" when the temporary funeral place was built, three days before the opening of the palace, the capital banned music. On the day of the introduction, the emperor dressed in the first mourning clothes, started the foundation in front of the Zi Palace, ascended the Zi Palace in Longhui, and laid the ancestors. After the end of the ancestral memorial, the emperor wept on foot, the prince and the clan went from to the outside of the city, the Zigong ascended, and the ceremony of sending the memorial was carried out. After reading the book of mourning, the emperor cried and mourned before the great shengyi, and then bowed his speech and returned to the curtain hall. The servant knelt before the yi, and invited the spirit to march forward, and the mountain envoy made the following name to resign to the emperor. After the spirit was introduced, the emperor returned to the palace after releasing the decay, and the ministers went out of the capital to pay their respects. After the Daxing Emperor Zigong arrived at the cemetery, he would first be enshrined in the lower palace for a few days, and wait for the auspicious day selected by Si Tianjian to cover the imperial hall.

After the funeral, there are still four important sacrifices, namely the Yu sacrifice, the Yuan sacrifice, the auspicious sacrifice and the Yu sacrifice. The ceremony of the Yu sacrifice was held after the tomb palace was covered, and the officials returned to Beijing to enter the palace in accordance with the lord of Yu. It is divided into the Yu on the way and the Yu in the temple, a total of nine times. During this period, the number of sacrifices on the way, the emperors' funerals were not consistent. A few days after the Nine Yus, the god of the temple performed the sacrifice of the feast, for the deceased and the ancestors to enjoy the sacrifice, and the queen who died earlier was promoted.

The first anniversary of the death is "Xiaoxiang" (this is the auspicious sacrifice of the three-year funeral, the same below), and the memorial ceremony is held. Usually abstain from music before and after the first and second half of the auspicious day, and do not pay attention to things for the first and second five days. There are also rituals such as incense, laying incense, and burning incense in Buddhist temples. On the day of the auspicious day, the ministers entered the name to consol. "Daxiang" is the second anniversary ceremony, and the details are roughly the same as "Xiaoxiang". Daxiang in the next month of the "Tsunam Sacrifice", that is, to remove the service, the next month from the auspicious. The time of the removal of the Emperor and the time of Congji was not consistent between the funerals of the emperors of the Song Dynasty.