China's thousands of years of culture, people can not forget their own history, China's feudal dynasty from the establishment to the end of thousands of years, many historical figures are unforgettable, of course, the most concerned is the emperor of each dynasty, he is destined to the prosperity and fall of that era.

After the Ming Dynasty overthrew the brutal rule of the Yuan Dynasty, it created the last feudal dynasty ruled by the Han people, and Zhu Yuanzhang, the Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, ascended to the throne as a beggar, gangster, monk and other characters, but it really responded to the joke of "the emperor takes turns to do it, and he will come to my house this year".

The so-called "three points of strength, seven points of luck" and Zhu Yuanzhang can be the emperor is not all luck, in him should be "seven points of strength, three points of luck" He relied on his courage, wisdom, courage and seized the opportunity to achieve his emperor's throne, with his life is better than any legendary inspirational story in the world.

Zhu Yuanzhang has twenty-six sons, the crown prince Zhu Biao, who should have become a generation of emperors, and he finally had a "wide and easy government" but died of illness in the twenty-fifth year of Hongwu (1392), destined to be drowned in the dust of history.

And Zhu Biao's eldest son, Zhu Xiongying, should have inherited the unification, but he only lived for eight years and returned to the West, which was in response to the saying "the world is impermanent".

Zhu Biao's second son, Zhu Yunwen, was appointed crown prince by Zhu Yuanzhang after the death of his father and brother, and Zhu Yunwen (1398) ascended the throne in Nanjing in June with the age of Jianwen at the age of 21.

The young Emperor Jianwen was a scholar who inherited his father's gentle and thoughtful temperament. He was shy and had no experience in national politics, not to mention that compared with his former emperors, and even compared with his eloquent uncles, he did not have the self-confidence and strong character, or even the ability.

The young emperor's docile personality and Confucian education made him very disgusted with killing, and he sincerely longed for the implementation of the ideal benevolent government. He tried to bring about some of the larger changes in the words and actions of the imperial court, but these changes had disastrous consequences.

Emperor Jianwen was surrounded by three scholars, Huang Zicheng, Qi Tai and Fang Xiaoru, all three of whom were brave, upright, and full of ideals.

However, they are all nerds, lacking practical and in-depth experience in the administration of the DPRK and government, and they have no leadership skills; their analysis of problems is often limited to words on paper and is unrealistic.

In order to consolidate the throne and strengthen his power, Emperor Jianwen followed the advice of the three men, and within a few months of his accession, he weakened the power of the feudal kingdoms and took measures to suppress the weaker vassal kings on either or no charges.

Zhu Di, the king of Yan, was the most powerful and the last target of Emperor Jianwen's domain. Emperor Jianwen believed that Zhu Di's military talents were extraordinary, so he could not be regarded as the most difficult enemy by Emperor Wen like he had against other vassal kings, so he was very cautious in his actions, but this gave King Yan time to gather troops and make preparations.

Zhu Di was born on May 2, 1360, to a mother who was probably a concubine of Zhu Yuanzhang, and her mother is said to have been either Mongol or Korean.

He was not born to Empress Ma, as he later claimed, and he wanted to legitimize his accession to the throne in accordance with the principle of primogeniture after he had seized the throne from his nephew.

He was strong and powerful, proficient in martial arts, and said to have excelled in the study of Confucian classics and literature.

His literary prowess is expressed in the canonical history, because this achievement is in keeping with the public image of a Confucian monarch. In May (1370), Zhu Yuanzhang made him King of Yan, made him a fief in Beiping (present-day Beijing), and put him on the northern border to protect the country and defend against the Mongol invasion.

Zhu Di was only 10 years old when he was canonized as King of Yan, and it was not until he came of age that he went to Beiping in April (1380) to take up the kingdom. He had received a fine scholar and the best generalist education in Buddhism at the court.

Under the guidance of the leading generals of the Ming Dynasty, he also began to show military leadership, especially the veteran Xu Da, who was more effective in his teachings, and in 1376 he married Xu Da's eldest daughter at the emperor's behest.

The eldest son Zhu Biao, the second son Zhu Fan of Qin, and the third son King Jin died successively, and in the following decades, when King Yan guarded his feudal domain, he often commanded battles against the Mongols, and with the assistance of veterans, he was very good at fighting and became the head of the kings.

His exploits won Zhu Yuanzhang's approval, but also caused the latter's troubles, as he became more and more ambitious, unscrupulous, and independent. When Zhu Yuanzhang canonized his eldest brother's son Zhu Yunwen (1392) instead of making him the emperor's heir, King Yan was greatly disappointed.

Emperor Jianwen implemented the suppression of the feudal domain, Zhu Di was also restless, through the persuasion of his generals, which prompted Zhu Di's ambition, among which the strongest persuasion of King Yan to rebel was a monk named Daoyan, named Yao Guangxiao, and later became an important strategist in Zhu Di's march.

In August (1399), Zhu Di, the king of Yan, swore an oath to disobey the order, issued an order to the soldiers, and raised troops under the banner of "Qing Jun's side" to raise troops "Jingnan", which is known as the "Battle of Jingnan" in history.

Zhu Di captured and killed Zhang Yu and Xie Gui (pretending to be crazy and paralyzed the two), and ordered Zhang Yu and Zhu Neng, the guards of Yanfu, to lead their troops to capture the nine gates of Beiping by night, and then occupy Beiping.

Later, in the name of respecting the ancestors, punishing the "traitorous ministers" Qi Tai and Huang Zicheng, and "appeasement" for the country, he swore to go on the expedition. At this point, a military contest between the imperial court and the king of Yan began, which lasted for more than three years.

At the beginning of the war, because the generals in the north had many Zhu Di's old troops, there were many people who surrendered Zhu Di to fight. Zhu Di's army successively went down to Tongzhou, Jizhou, Huairou and other cities, and Song Zhong and others died in battle.

In August, Zhu Yunwen took Geng Bingwen, the old general of Taizu, as the general, and led a division of 300,000 (or only 130,000) to the north to attack Zhu Di. The vanguard arrived in Xiongxian County and was attacked by Zhu Di, and all 9,000 people were killed. The resumption of the war in Zhending (now Zhengding, Hebei) was defeated again.

Zhu Yunwen then replaced Geng Bingwen with his noble relative Li Jinglong, transferred 500,000 troops to attack Yan, built nine gates, and besieged Beiping.

In October, Zhu Di personally led the elite cavalry to attack Daning, and Zhu Quan, the king of Zhining, and his concubines and concubines were awarded the three guards of his troops (equivalent to mercenaries, all of which were Mongolian cavalry, with strong combat effectiveness), and the number of troops increased suddenly.

Li Jinglong took advantage of the void to attack Beiping, but could not defeat it (Zhu Di's eldest son Zhu Gaochi defended the city and froze the city wall, so that Li Jinglong could not break the city).

After King Yan returned from Daning, Yu Zheng Ba defeated Li Jinglong's army, Zhu Yunwen was forced to withdraw his troops, and Qi Tai, the secretary of the military department, and Huang Zicheng, the secretary of Taichang Temple, took up his post to slow down the Yan division. In April of the second year of Jianwen, the two sides fought again at the Baigou River, Li Jinglong was defeated again, and the Yan division took advantage of the victory to besiege Jinan.

Shandong participated in politics Tie Xuan stuck to Jinan, waiting for work, Yan Shi could not attack for a long time, and was defeated. In September, the imperial court was promoted to the political envoy of Shandong, and the name of Sheng Yong was changed to Li Jinglong. In December, Sheng Yong led his division to meet the Yan army in Dongchang (now Liaocheng, Shandong), and the Yan division was defeated, and the main general Zhang Yu was killed.

Emperor Jianwen regained his position in Qi and Huang in three years. In February, Yanshi went south again. In March, the defeat of Sheng Yong in the Hutuo River, and the defeat of Wu Jie again is equal to Gaocheng. In the name of banishing Qi and Huang, Zhu Yunwen made him go out to recruit the king of Qin.

Although Zhu Di won many victories, but the losses were quite heavy, and the imperial army was quite extensive, and the cities captured by the Yan army in Hebei and Shandong were occupied by the imperial army after the soldiers returned.

At the end of the same year, a minister from Beijing reported that Zhu Di knew that Nanjing was empty and profitable, so he decided to change his strategy and led his division south in the first month of the fourth year.

The two sides fought with the Anhui River, and the southern army was defeated, and the Yan army broke through the He Fu and Ping'an divisions, and in May Kesi and Yangzhou.

Emperor Jianwen sent the county lord of Qingcheng to Yan Shi to beg for peace, but the king of Yan did not allow it. In June, Chen Xuan, the governor of Jiangfang, descended to Yan with a boat division, and the Yan division crossed the river, went down to Zhenjiang, and approached Nanjing.

The king of the valley, Zhu Lu and Li Jinglong, opened the Jinchuan Gate and surrendered. At the beginning of the rebellion, King Yan did not have the advantage in military strength. His army was only 100,000 men, and he had no control over any territory other than his fiefdom of Beiping.

The Jianwen court in Nanjing had a standing army three times the size of King Yan's army, had a nationwide economy, and had abolished several vassal states.

However, the leadership ability and high-quality army of King Yan were not comparable to the imperial army. As the war dragged on, the shortcomings of the imperial court's improper command, weak troops, and internal laxity seriously affected the war situation. Until the defeat was gradually retreated, many generals surrendered to the king of Yan.

The imperial court had imported many war horses from Korea in order to enhance its combat effectiveness, because the Joseon king Yi Fangyuan openly expressed his support for Zhu Yunwen to fight the king of Yan. But in the end, these methods failed to affect the outcome of the war.

The Yan soldiers entered Beijing, and in a scuffle after the arrival of the Yan army, the palace compound in the city of Nanjing caught fire.

When the fire was extinguished, several charred remains were found in the ashes, unrecognizable, according to eunuchs as the bodies of the emperor, empress and his eldest son, Zhu Wenkui, and no one was sure whether he was actually burned to death, and later historians who were sympathetic to his imperial cause said that he fled Nanjing disguised as a monk.

Of course, the official record at that time could only say that the emperor and his eldest son had died, otherwise, the king of Yan would not have been able to claim the title of emperor in the name of the emperor.

The true fate of Zhu Yunwen in the end remains a mystery and has become an unsolved case. Every emperor who overthrew the previous generation of emperors by military force would use some cruel means to suppress the people in the early days of the founding of the dynasty, trying to use brutality to seal the gossip, and Zhu Di played this point to the fullest.

After Zhu Di ascended the throne, he skinned the ministers who were loyal to Jianwen, and put them in the oil pot, and punished their female dependents to the Jiaofang Division as official prostitutes, and implemented a cruel "transfer camp", that is, they were sent to the military camp in turn, and a woman had to be subjected to more than 20 men every day and night, and the situation had to be reported to Zhu Di frequently.

After Zhu Di captured Nanjing, after rejecting the repeated persuasion of his supporters for several days, he assumed the throne on July 17, 1402, but not from Zhu Yunwen, but from Zhu Yuanzhang, the Taizu of the Ming Dynasty (the name of Jianwen was abolished, and the fourth year of Jianwen was renamed the thirty-fifth year of Hongwu).

He ordered a vigorous search for more than 50 Jianwen courtiers such as Qi Tai and Huang Zicheng, and Zhu Di also ordered the restoration of all the laws and official systems formulated by Emperor Taizu that Emperor Jianwen had changed, in order to show that the purpose of his army was to restore the ancestral training.

Zhu Di attaches great importance to the management of the north, coupled with his own rise in Beiping, Yongle seven years (1409), Ming Chengzu began to build Beijing Tianshou Mountain Changling, in order to show the determination to base himself in the north.

At the same time, efforts were made to establish friendly relations with ethnic Mongolians. The Tatar and Warat ministries successively accepted the title of the Ming government.

From the eighth year of Yongle (1410) to the year (1424), during these twenty-two years, Zhu Di personally led his troops to the north five times to consolidate the northern frontier. In the fourth year of Yongle (1406), the construction of the Beijing Palace, that is, the Forbidden City, was started, which took 14 years to complete, and the capital was officially moved to Beijing in the 19th year of Yongle (1421).

Although Zhu Di was brutal at the beginning of the founding of the country, he was extremely wise when he took charge of the government, and he perfected the civil service system, which gradually formed the prototype of the later cabinet system in the imperial court.

At the beginning of Yongle, the cabinet was set up, and bureaucrats with less seniority were selected to participate in the cabinet affairs, which solved the vacancy in the administrative organs after the abolition of Zhongshu Province.

Zhu Di attached great importance to the role of the supervisory body, and set up a system of dispatching imperial historians to patrol the world, encouraging officials to report to each other.

He made good use of eunuchs to send envoys, levy special expeditions, supervise the army, divide towns, and assassinate his subjects. At the same time, the principle of "being lenient and moderate in the way of governance" was proposed.

He used the imperial examination system and the compilation of books to win over landlords and scholars, propagated Confucianism to change the style of Buddhism and Taoism in the early Ming Dynasty, and selected officials to strive to use them according to their talents, laying an ideological and organizational foundation for the development of politics, economy, military, and culture at that time.

In order to stabilize northern Xinjiang, Zhu Di made five expeditions to Mongolia. In the twenty-second year of Yongle (1424), Zhu Di died in Yumuchuan (now Wuzhumuqin, Inner Mongolia) on the way back to the division in the Northern Expedition, and was buried in Changling, the temple name was Taizong, and it was changed to Ming Chengzu when Ming Shizong Jiajing. Nicknamed Qitian Hongdao Gaoming Zhaoyun Shengwu Shengong Chunren to Emperor Xiaowen, referred to as Emperor Wen.

Zhu Di is the only person in the Chinese thousand-year-old feudal dynasty who succeeded in rebelling with the identity of a vassal king, the so-called "one will succeed in ten thousand bones", although he has rendered countless blood in his hands, but his achievements cannot be erased in contemporary times, the most famous of which is still in Beijing, the Forbidden City.

The Ming Dynasty reigned on the throne from the year of Taizu (1368) to the year of Zhaozong (1662), and it enjoyed the country for 254 years, experienced various ups and downs, and finally came to an end.

It is almost an eternal common sense that dynasties have gone from prosperity to extinction. Whether it is glory or decay, history has become the talk of today's people.

The great leader* once wrote a piece of "Qinyuan Spring Snow", and said, "There are so many delicate rivers and mountains, which have led countless heroes to bend their waists." Pity the Qin Emperor and the Han Dynasty, slightly lose the literary talent, and the Tang Dynasty and Song Ancestors, slightly inferior to the coquettish. A generation of Tianjiao, Genghis Khan, only knows how to bend the bow and shoot the eagle. The past, the number of romantic figures, but also look at the present. "While feeling the epic charm of China for thousands of years, my heart also stirred.