Originally published in Ming Pao Monthly, Hong Kong, No. 1, 1985)

The "Biography of Yuan Chonghuan" attached to Mr. Jin Yong's novel "Blue Blood Sword" uses the detailed information of a historian and the vivid tone of a novelist to reproduce in front of readers Yuan Chonghuan, a national hero who fought bravely against the enemy 350 years ago, dared to act in the face of trouble, and was unjustly killed for the safety of the country and high merit. Yuan Chonghuan's deeds, in addition to the official history, are also widely recorded in the wild history, rich in materials, and faithful. The article is also creative and unique (such as Yuan Chonghuan's death from a conflict with Chongzhen's character), which is convincing. However, there are some problems in the meantime, and there are occasional small mistakes, the author does not hesitate to be ugly, and makes a little research, according to the order of its original text, into "Yuan Chonghuan Miscellaneous Examination".

1. Yuan Chonghuan's ink

The frontispiece of "Blue Blood Sword" is photocopied with "Yuan Chonghuan Calligraphy", and there is a banner frame inside, which says: "Mental art must not offend heaven and earth, and words and deeds must be left in a good way with children and grandchildren." Renshen Dongyue Yuan Chonghuan. The characters are written in cursive, without Yuan Chonghuan's seal and collector's inscription and seal. This "Yuan Chonghuan calligraphy" is photocopied and copied according to the title page of "Yuan Inspector's Legacy Collection" ("Canghai Series" Volume 1) compiled by Zhang Bozhen in the early years of the Republic of China. The original of this "Ink" was originally the Yuan Inspector's Temple at the east gate of Dongguan City (in Dongguan, there are five Yuan Inspector's Temple, one of them, the original site is in the current Dongguan Middle School) in the collection, at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the Yuan clan jointly recommended Mr. Yuan Weimin to be responsible for safekeeping. In the first year of the Republic of China, Zhang Bozhen returned to his hometown to shoot it, and the plate was published in the "Collection of Yuan Inspector's Posthumous Collection". During the Anti-Japanese War, Mr. Yuan Weimin was killed by Japanese soldiers because he refused to be a traitor of the Japanese, and his family property was ruined.

This so-called "Ink of Inspector Yuan" is a fake. What evidence is there? We can tell from the year of the signature. "History of the Ming Dynasty; Biography of Yuan Chonghuan" records that Yuan Chonghuan was killed in August of the third year of Chongzhen (AD 1630), in the era of Yuan Chonghuan, there are two "Renshen", one is the sixth year of Longqing (AD 1572), and the other is the fifth year of Chongzhen (AD 1632). In the former "Renshen", Yuan Chonghuan was not alive, and in the latter "Renshen", Yuan Chonghuan was dead (Yuan Chonghuan's birth year, see "3. Yuan Chonghuan's birth year" below). How could Yuan Chonghuan write this banner in the year of "Renshen"? Isn't this a clear proof of a fake?

Could Yuan Chonghuan have written the word "Renshen" incorrectly? At a time when it was prevalent to use the Ganzhi Chronicle, public and private books, poems, and writing, in addition to the year name, should be used to write the Ganzhi, and the concept of Ganzhi was much stronger than that of today's people, and it was impossible to make a mistake. If it is the beginning of the new year, the stem branch has just been changed, and it is misremembered for a while. The words "Dongyue" and "Renshen" were signed for at least 10 months, so how can there be any mistakes? In Shenlong's "Orchid Pavilion Preface," there are traces of alteration of the word "ugly" in the words "Yonghe nine years, the year is in the Gui Chou," revealing the horse's feet, and Mr. Guo Moruo used this as a basis to confirm that the "Orchid Pavilion Preface" is a forgery, which is similar to the situation of "Renshen" signed in "Yuan Chonghuan's Inkblot." The forger did not verify Yuan Chonghuan's year of birth and death, and rashly wrote the word "Renshen", which is too careless.

Second, Yuan Chonghuan's ancestral hometown and township examination

Mr. Jin Yong said at the beginning of the fourth section of "Yuan Chonghuan's Commentary": "Yuan Chonghuan, a native of Dongguan, Guangdong, is originally from Tengxian County, Wuzhou, Guangxi. "It seems debatable to say that Yuan Chonghuan's ancestor was a native of Tengxian County, Guangxi Province. The author has studied and colonized the famine, and the books of Yuan Chonghuan that are recorded in the world cannot be read through, but the historical books that review and describe Yuan Chonghuan's hometown, such as "History of the Ming Dynasty", "Compendium of the Ming Dynasty", "Tongjian Collection", "Ming Death Narrative", "Ming Tongjian", "Shikui Book Later Collection", "Ming Ji Beiluo", "Guoyi", Liang Qichao's "Biography of Yuan Inspector", "Shaowufu Chronicles", "Guangxi Tongzhi", "Guangdong Tongzhi", "Tengxian Chronicles", "Pingnan County Chronicles", "Dongguan County Chronicles", Li Jishen's "Rebuilding the Tombstone of Yuan Inspector's Ancestral Hall", etc., are not available" Yuan Chonghuan's ancestors were originally from Teng County, Wuzhou, Guangxi". The reason why Mr. Jin Yong came to such a conclusion, I personally guess that it is probably because the books "History of the Ming Dynasty", "Ming Tongjian", "Ming Ji Compendium", "Guangdong Tongzhi", and Liang Qichao's "Biography of Yuan Inspector" all say that Yuan Chonghuan is a native of Dongguan, Guangdong, while the books of "Guoyu", "Later Collection of Shikui Books", "Ming Ji Beiluo", "Guangxi Tongzhi", and "Tengxian Chronicles" also say that Yuan Chonghuan is a native of Tengxian County, Guangxi. In order to unify the two, it is said that "Yuan Chonghuan, a native of Dongguan, Guangdong, is originally from Tengxian County, Wuzhou, Guangxi." [Republic of China] "Dongguan County Chronicles" volume 61 "Yuan Chonghuan Biography" said: "Yuan Chonghuan has no words, one word is free, (Dongguan) Shuinan (now Dongguan County Shijie Commune Shuinan Brigade). (omitted) year fourteen, with Zu Shixiang, father and son Peng to Yingteng County, western Guangdong, to make up disciples. According to this, Yuan Chonghuan is clearly a native of Dongguan, and his ancestral home is, of course, Dongguan. "Yuan Chonghuan's Commentary" mentions that Yuan Yupei, the uncle of Chonghuan, who recruited 3,000 people from Guangdong to aid Liaodong, was a native of Wentang, Dongguan, Guangdong (now Wentang Brigade, Fucheng Commune, Dongguan County), and was a member of the Chonghuan clan. Yuan Chonghuan's uncle is from Dongguan, so it can be seen that Yuan Chonghuan's ancestral home is Dongguan rather than Tengxian County, Guangxi.

Yuan Chonghuan at the age of 14 with his grandfather Yuan Shixiang and his father Yuan Zipeng went to Teng County, Guangxi to take the exam, and made up disciples in Teng County, and went to Guilin in the 34th year of Wanli (1606 AD) to participate in the township examination. "Huaizong Record", "Guoyi", "Shikui Book Later Collection", "Ming Ji Beiluo" books are based on Yuan Chonghuan as a native of Teng County. Therefore, "Tengxian Chronicles" and "Guangxi Tongzhi" all regard Yuan Chonghuan as a native of Tengxian County. Since the publication of the "History of the Ming Dynasty" after more than 60 years of repeated revisions, it has been established that Yuan Chonghuan was a native of Dongguan, and since then, all historical works and Yuan Chonghuan's historical works and large-scale reference books such as "Ciyuan", "Cihai", and "Dictionary of Chinese Names" have all said that Yuan Chonghuan was a native of Dongguan, Guangdong. Last year, Guangxi's "Academic Forum" published an article entitled "Examination and Identification of Yuan Chonghuan's Origin", which verified that Yuan Chonghuan's hometown was Tengxian County, Guangxi, and the materials on which it was based were only the suspicious so-called inscriptions on the tombstone of Yuan Chonghuan's father and son, in addition to the "Ming Jinshi Inscription Tablet", "Guoyu", "Ming Ji Beiluo", "Shikui Book Later Collection", and "Tengxian Chronicles". The theory that Yuan Chonghuan is a native of Teng County in the inherent information has been rejected by scholars all over the years, and it will not be discussed here. The inscription on the tomb of Yuan Chonghuan's father and son Peng is a new material that constitutes Yuan Chonghuan's origin in Guanteng County, and it needs to be identified. "Yuan Chonghuan's Nationality Examination" says:

According to the name of "Chonghuan, Chongcan, Chongyu", Guangxu 23 years rebuilt (Yuan Chonghuan father and son Peng) tombstone, the inscription contains Yuan's "Jiajing early years to Guangxi", which is Yuan Chonghuan's ancestral hometown in Dongguan, Guangdong, and his hometown in Baima Township, Guangxi (Teng County) is another strong evidence.

The inscription cited in this article is mistaken in two ways:

1. The order of the Yuan Chonghuan brothers is wrong. Yuan Chonghuan said in "Three Begging Fake Shu in the Fourth Year of the Apocalypse": "The minister has been out by bus since the forty-sixth year of Wanli, and he has been in Fujian for seven years since he left home. In the past seven years, the minister's brother Chongcan was mourned, the uncle Teng was mourned, and the cousin Chongmao was born to the minister's father who was the son of Judah, and he is now mourned. (omitted) stop a young brother Chongyu, little ignorant of things. It is clearly Chang Chongcan, Ci Chonghuan, and Ji Chongyu.

Second, Yuan's Jiajing came to Guangxi in the early years, wrong. [Republic of China] "Dongguan County Chronicles" volume 61, "Pingnan County Chronicles" volume 16, "Teng County Chronicles" volume 23, all record that Yuan Chonghuan and his son Peng Shi went from Dongguan to Guangxi. Yuan Zipeng died on the fifth day of the seventh month of the fourth year of the Apocalypse (1626 AD) (see Yuan Chonghuan's "The Fourth Year of the Apocalypse"). From the beginning of Jiajing to the fourth year of the Apocalypse, it has been more than 100 years, and when Yuan Zipeng died, there was still a third son Chongyu who was "young and ignorant", which shows that Yuan Zipeng was by no means a hundred years old, and if Yuan's "Jiajing early years to Guangxi" refers to Yuan Zipeng's going to Teng County, then when Yuan Zipeng died, he must be 12 or 30 years old, and he can still give birth to Yuan Chongyu, a son of the Ji Son, when he is 100 years old, is this possible? [Republic of China] "Dongguan County Chronicles" volume 61 "Yuan Chonghuan Biography" clearly pointed out that Yuan Chonghuan "went to western Guangdong with his ancestor Shixiang and father and son Peng at the age of 14" , Yuan Chonghuan was born in the twelfth year of Wanli (1584), and Yuan Chonghuan was fourteen years old, that is, in the twenty-fifth year of Wanli (AD 1597). Yuan Shixiang and Yuan Zipeng went to Teng from Dongguan in the twenty-fifth year of Wanli. It can be seen that the inscription's so-called "Jiajing early years to Guangxi" is wrong. The tombstone was rebuilt in the twenty-third year of Guangxu (1897 AD), two hundred and seventy-one years after the death of Yuan Zipeng. Moreover, the order of Yuan Chonghuan's brothers and the time when the Yuan family moved into Guangxi are all wrong, so how can this rebuilt tombstone be used as "strong evidence" that Yuan Chonghuan was originally from Tengxian County, Guangxi? Mr. Jin Yong is correct in holding that Yuan Chonghuan was a native of Dongguan, Guangdong.

A. Yuan Chonghuan himself said that he was from Dongguan.

There are three realms temples in Shuinan Township, Dongguan County. In July of the seventh year of the Apocalypse (A.D. 1627), Wei Zhongxian made his party talk about Yuan Chonghuan not saving Jinzhou for the twilight, Chonghuan begged for rest, returned to Dongguan Shuinan, Shuinan father and elder rebuilt the Three Realms, Yuan Chonghuan made "Rebuild the Three Realms Temple Shuwen" (there is a stele, in the Shuinan Three Realms Temple, the stele is three feet high, one foot five inches wide, the text is seventeen lines, the line is forty-eight characters, and the regular script. Shuwen Youyun: "Yu Lizhong worships the Three Realms Temple", "My township is frugal and simple", "It is appropriate to ask for a return, and the fathers and elders of the same township conspire to do good deeds for a township, and the first is to invite the temple." "The last signature" on the eighteenth day of the seventh month of the Apocalypse, the governor of Liaodong, Shanhai and other places to supervise military affairs, and Yuan Chonghuan, a person from the second rank of the military department, the right servant of the military department, the right of the Imperial Inspectorate, and the imperial history of the capital. The temple is both in Dongguan Shuinan, and the tablet stands in the temple, Yuan Chonghuan Shuwen in the "Yuli", "my township", "fellow villagers", "people" of the "township" and "li", must refer to Dongguan Shuinan, Yuan Chonghuan self-signed "people", that is, he is Dongguan Shuinan people.

Yuan Chonghuan said at the beginning of "Recruiting Shuluo Fu's Famous Places": Yu has a habit of mountains and rivers, that is, a Qiu and a ravine, and they can't bear to go. Therefore, the fourteen buses, half of the strong outside, footprints several times in the interior. And Luofu Dongtian, no less than forty miles to Yu's house, has no time to coil in it, martyrdom and forgetfulness, and the rest of the sin. Go to winter, the rest of the return, the party is to build a room in it, for the final plan, did not arrive at home and the Lord urged it to go out again, the road, the rain is not warm, and the husband is stuffed.

There is also a cloud in "Recruiting Shurafu Famous Places":

The husband is a famous mountain separated by forty miles, and he can't follow his (according to: referring to his friend Li Yunlong).

If the sky is clear, look north in the south of the water, the peaks of Luofu are vaguely visible. Yuan Chonghuan's home forty miles away from Luofu must be in Dongguan, and it will never be in Tengxian County, Guangxi, more than 1,000 miles away.

B. Yuan Chonghuan's colleagues, subordinates, and friends believe that Yuan Chonghuan is from Dongguan.

In April of the first year of Chongzhen (A.D. 1628), Yuan Chonghuan was ordered to be the secretary of the military department and the right deputy capital of the imperial history inspector Ji Liao Denglai Tianjin military affairs, and the division repeatedly urged Yuan Chonghuan in his hometown in Dongguan to go on the road. At that time, Chen Zizhuang, the editor of the Hanlin Academy (with Yuan Chonghuan on the same list as Jinshi), asked Liang Guodong, Li Mi, Kuang Ruilu and Chonghuan Mubin Deng Zhen, Liang Ji and other nineteen people to hold a grand farewell party in Guangzhou, at the meeting, everyone wrote poems to say goodbye, and Zhao □ (dark weapons press: left "fire" and right "enjoy" also) husband painted into "Yuan Inspector Governor Liao Farewell Map", each person wrote the poem on the right side of the picture, and Kuang Ruilu (according to: Kuang Lu's original name) inscribed: "Dongguan Yuan Chonghuan Governor Liao Farewell Picture Poem". Chen Zizhuang is Chonghuan's fellow Jinshi, and the "Ming Jinshi Inscription Tablet" also has his name, of course he has seen documents such as Dengkelu that shows that Chonghuan is from Tengxian County, Guangxi, and he asked Kuang Lu to crown the word "Dongguan" above "Yuan Chonghuan", which clearly believes that Chonghuan is a native of Dongguan at the farewell meeting. Kuang Lu's subordinate brother Kuang Zhanzhi (press: Kuang Lu's word Zhanruo, Zhanzhi should be his subordinate brother's zigzag) was a general of Chonghuan and died in Liaodong. Kuang Lu and Chonghuan's guest Liang Ji are friends, of course he knows Chonghuan's origin, so he is entitled "Dongguan".

Li Mi's farewell poem has a sentence: "Luofu * moves the expedition wheel, and the years of fame are changing." It means that Yuan Chonghuan came from "Luofu". Ou Huainian's poem said: "The immortal cave house is from Luofu, and it is still the first rate to enter the WTO." It is pointed out that Yuan Chonghuan's home is in "Luofu", and the "Luofu" in the poem of the two does not actually refer to Luofu Mountain. Dongguan is close to Luofu Mountain, so the predecessors often borrowed Dongguan with "Luofu". For example, in the first year of Yongli (AD 1647), Zhang Jiayu raised troops to resist the Qing Dynasty in Daojiao Township, Dongguan, and was defeated and died in Yetang when besieging Zengcheng. It is the evidence that "Luofu" refers to Dongguan. It can be seen that Li Mi and Ou Huainian think that Yuan Chonghuan is from Dongguan.

Qu Dajun's "Mr. Wang Yu'an's Lamentation" cloud: Gengzi (Shunzhi 17th year, AD 1660) in the winter, to Yu Yu Mausoleum in Huiji, there is Mr. Wang Yu'an, extended to the museum's home. (omitted) taste to say: "The hometown of the son has the great Sima Yuan Gong Chonghuan, the supervisor of Ji Liao, to all living under the curtain, and he is loyal and diligent to the country. It must not die in the feudal territory, but in the portal, and the world may not know it. (omitted) his sparse manuscript and Yu Jisheng, Cheng Gengsheng's lawsuit and grievances, to the collection of a long time, now to give the son, think that he can choose the history of the country?"

("Weng Shan Notes", vol. 10)

Qu Dajun, a native of Panyu. The phrase "there is a great Sima Yuan Gong Chonghuan in the hometown of the son" indicates that Wang Yu'an thinks that Yuan Chonghuan is a Cantonese person. Yuan Chonghuan's hometown is not like Guangxi where there is a dispute between Pingnan and Tengxian, and in Guangdong, only Dongguan is said. That is to say, Wang Yu'an thinks that Yuan Chonghuan is from Dongguan, Guangdong. Wang Yu'an is another word for king. When Yuan Chonghuan planned to behead Mao Wenlong, Wang walked with him and participated in his conspiracy, and was Chonghuan's cronies (see Li Changxiang's "Yan Zhai Tianwen Pavilion Collection"), how could he not know the reason of Chonghuan's hometown?

Yu Dacheng, Chongzhen two years (AD 1629) for the Taifu Siqing, Yuan Chonghuan was imprisoned, Dacheng wrote a book on rescue, and later tried to write "Liver Section" to describe Yuan Chonghuan's grievances in detail. "Liver Section" has a saying: First, Xie Shangzheng, a villager from Liao General under the Governor's subordinates, falsely exposed the main general and Governor, and then gave 3,000 silver to Yu Tingdong to seek to promote Fujian Town.

Xie Shangzheng, the word Yunren, is a native of Chashan, Dongguan. In the forty-sixth year of Wanli (A.D. 1618), Wuju was the "dead man" of Yuan Chonghuan, and he was under the command of Yuan Chonghuan as the governor of Tongzhi. Yu Dacheng said that Xie Shangzheng was Yuan Chonghuan's villager, so he naturally thought that Yuan Chonghuan was from Dongguan.

Chonghuan uncle Yuan Yupei once led the Guangdong army to aid Liao, the sixth year of the Apocalypse (AD 1626) for the Nanjing military department to give the matter, when the criminal department to Huang Chenghao recommended the jade pendant, there is a saying: "Yu Pei is loyal and brave and strategic, not to reduce the nephew Chonghuan, should be transferred to the north, in case of emergency." "Huang Chenghao, a native of Xiushui, was an official in Guangdong. He worked with Yuan Yupei, of course, he knew his hometown, and said that Chonghuan was Yupei's nephew, that is, he thought that Yuan Chonghuan was from Dongguan.

C. Yuan Chonghuan's subordinates are mostly Dongguan people.

When Yuan Chonghuan fought in Liaodong, many of his subordinates were from Dongguan, and those who could be tested were:

Han Runchang is a native of Dongguan, Yuan Chonghuan loves generals, and is under the command of Yuan Chonghuan as the capital division. The Shang Fang Sword given to Yuan Chonghuan by Chongzhen was led by Han Runchang. Chongzhen summoned Yuan Chonghuan to the platform, and only Zu Dashou, Wu Sangui (Zu Dashou's nephew) and Han Runchang followed. Chonghuan was imprisoned, Zu Dashou and Wu Sangui were shocked, took the Shanhaiguan and ran back to Jinzhou. Han Runchang threw himself into prison, Yuan Chonghuan was hanged to death, Han Runchang was killed in Panwei, Shaanxi Town, died in the Ming Dynasty, and returned to become a monk. ([Republic of China] "Dongguan County Chronicles" quoted in "Yuan Inspector's Deeds")

Lin Xiangfeng was a native of Dongguan, in the sixteenth year of Wanli (1588 AD) Wuju, and in the thirty-first year of Wanli (1630 AD) Wenju. Yuan Chonghuan served as the Liao Ji Governor of the grain promoter, and Yuan Chonghuan's "The Second Year of the Apocalypse to Promote the Supervisor of the Military Performance of the Strategy" in the so-called "Lin Xiangfeng, the current Jizhen Supervisor of the Grain Promoter, is a close relative, generous and good at martial arts, and has a very good relationship with the generals and non-commissioned officers", that is, his people. (See "Dongguan County Chronicles", vol. 46, 47, "Election Table")

Xie Shangzheng, a native of Dongguan (see above)

Huang Youguang was a native of Dongguan, in the thirtieth year of Wanli (AD 1602), he was subordinate to Yuan Chonghuan as the staff officer of Liaodongning. (Ibid.)

Ye Xiangri is a native of Dongguan. In the forty-sixth year of Wanli (1618 AD), Wuju, in the seventh year of the Apocalypse (1627 AD), Yuan Chonghuan was selected as the garrison. (Ibid.)

Ding, Yuan Chonghuan's intimate relationship with Dongguan people.

The intimate relationship between Yuan Chonghuan and the Dongguan people, in addition to the above-mentioned clan uncle Yuan Yupei recruited 3,000 soldiers to aid Liao, and Yuan Chonghuan's subordinates had more Dongguan people, but also manifested in the poetry of Dongguan people who missed and mourned Yuan Chonghuan at the end of the Ming Dynasty. In the winter of the seventh year of the Apocalypse, Yuan Chonghuan returned to Dongguan after a rest, and in April next year, Chongzhen was recalled, when Chen Zhuo, a native of Shuinan, Dongguan, had a poem "Shuo Ye and Yuan Da Sima Farewell": The light spring smoke on the green and thick stream, and the music is playing the neon dress at night. The common belief feast must wait for the month, and it should be known that the relationship is self-forgetful. People are sorry not to lace language, who is crazy to get drunk after the edge?

Yuan Chonghuan was on the front line in Liaodong, and Chen Xuezhuang, a native of Shuinan, had a poem "Sending Yuan Da Sima" to say: Hualun has not been blind for a long time, and the sea country has a distant vision to report the country. The outer self-energy god stone is slightly, and the middle yuan in the chest is Yiyang Spring. Thousands of autumns, the sun and the moon are enlightened and sage, and a song of the sun is quiet and dusty. Scratching his head, Nantian was shocked, and Le Mingduan was seeing the unicorn.

After Yuan Chonghuan was unjustly killed, Chen Jiong (the word Mingliang, Chongzhen's 12th year of martial arts) has two poems of "Saving Yuan Ziru Da Sima": one out of the door is right and wrong, and suddenly Meng Fei moves Tianwei. At that time, the Gongxi platform was right, and today it is returned from Dali. It was a five-year snow shame, who made the frost fly in June? Where is the Great Wall now? Men should be strange in the world, and the Manchu Dynasty praises the saint and knows it. I have forgotten the family plan of the White Horse Map, and I have reached the Yellow Dragon Oath to self-date. Han Fan was bold in the army, and Su Zhang was suspicious. Who seems to have a thousand years of hatred, read "Jintuo" and think about it. (See "Dongguan Poems")

In the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), Zhang Jiayu went to Beijing to take the exam, and wrote the poem "Yan City Hanging Yuan Inspector" by hanging Yuan Chonghuan's former residence and the old relics of the fierce war: Yellow sand and white fog soap carved flags, relying on the lonely ministers to wave their arms. Enthusiastic writing to recruit the dead, wrapped in sores and encircled in battle. Then he ordered the Han soldiers to be excited, and they swept away the demon atmosphere and returned triumphantly. Who is like a person who has worked hard and made a high achievement? What is the matter with Zhongshan slandering the book (Zhang Jiayu's "Wenlie Gongji" Volume 7)

In the first year of Yongli (A.D. 1647), Zhang Jiayu raised troops to resist the Qing Dynasty, crossed the water, worshiped Yuan Chonghuan ancestral hall, and wrote the poem "The Ancestral Hall of Mr. Yuan from Weng is full of feelings": Hang the relics of the ancestral hall and wave a few tears, and Liaoyang looks back on the matter. Empty and cold temple on the Cangjiang River, do not see the iron horse of the plough court. The stars are still suspiciously cloudy and rainy, and the wind is high and wants to fly the clouds. Only this feather is in a hurry, and Mr. Naghave will solve the siege again! (ibid.)

After the Ming Dynasty, Dongguan people mourned Yuan Chonghuan's poems more. I will not repeat it here, but save space.

E, the relics of Yuan Chonghuan in Dongguan.

Yuan Chonghuan has "Rebuild the Three Realms Temple Shuwen Tablet", standing in the Three Realms Temple in Shuinan Township, Dongguan, the text is made by Yuan Chonghuan in December of the seventh year of the Apocalypse. Yuan Chonghuan's former residence is in Shuinan Township, Shouyifang, Luo Township, after the second surname village, there is a moon building (see "Dongguan County Chronicles, Historical Sites"). Dongguan city in the Ming Dynasty has for Yuan Chonghuan to set up the archway, the inscription says: thistle Liao pillar stone. (See "Dongguan County Chronicles, Historical Sites"). There are five ancestral halls in Dongguan County to commemorate Yuan Chonghuan: (1) at the back seat of the Three Realms Temple in Shuinan Township. After Yuan Chonghuan was unjustly killed, the villager Chen Richang and others took pity on his injustice, and hung the "Picture to be Missed" in the back hall of the Three Realms Temple, which was a place of memorial and then an ancestral hall. (2) On the right side of Xingning Gate in Shuinan Township, the name is "Mr. Township Yuan Da Sima Temple", and Tang Di and Chen Mingchao advocated the construction of Daoguangjian. (3) In Dongzheng Street, Guancheng (on the right side of Dongguan Middle School), the name is "Yuan Inspector's Temple". (4) In Wentang Township, Zhonghe Market, Yuan Nationality Public Building. (5) In Chashan Township, the Yuan people built a public building.

Two frames of the portrait of Yuan Chonghuan in the collection of the Yuan clan in Dongguan, one frame is a frontal portrait ("One of the Portraits of Yuan Chonghuan" in the second page of the "Picture" of the first episode of "Blue Blood Sword" is the head of this portrait) There are seven characters on the inscription "Mr. Yuan Elemental True Portrait" by Chen Botao, the chief editor of the History Museum of the late Qing Dynasty. One is a profile portrait (that is, "Yuan Chonghuan's Portrait No. 2" on page 12 of the "Pictures" of the first episode of "Blue Blood Sword"). These two images and the banner of "Mind art must not offend heaven and earth" are both in the temple of Yuan Inspector. In 1911, Zhang Bozhen returned to Dongguan from Beijing to make a film, which was photocopied in the "Collected Works of Yuan Inspector" compiled by him.

The four points mentioned above are evidence that Yuan Chonghuan is a native of Dongguan in addition to the books of "History of the Ming Dynasty", "Ming Ji", "Ming Tongjian", "Tongjian Collection", and "Guangdong Tongzhi".

3. Yuan Chonghuan's annual examination

Mr. Jin Yong said: "The year in which Yuan Chonghuan was born cannot be examined. When describing that Yuan Chonghuan was forced to leave Ningyuan in the seventh year of the Apocalypse, he said: "At that time, he was only about forty years old." Because Yuan Chonghuan did not know the year of his birth, he could not accurately refer to the age of Chonghuan when he was away from Ningyuan.

[Republic of China] "Dongguan County Chronicles" volume 61 "Yuan Chonghuan Biography" quoted "Yuan Inspector Xing" said: "Born in the twelfth year of Wanli (AD 1584) April 28. Yuan Chonghuan was forty-four years old when he left Ningyuan in the seventh year of the Apocalypse. In the third year of Chongzhen (1630 AD), Yuan Chonghuan was only forty-seven years old when he was condemned.

5. Chen Ce and Yuan Chonghuan's "South Farewell Chen Yi Zongrong" poetry examination

Mr. Jin Yong said in Note 7 of the fifth section of "Yuan Chonghuan's Commentary": "Chen Ce did not know how to die in Liaoxi, and I believe that he was one of the soldiers brought by Yuan Chonghuan from his hometown. This inference is wrong. Although the language of "The History of the Ming Dynasty: The Biography of Chen Ce" is unknown, it can be glimpsed from "The Biography of Chen Lan" and "The Biography of Tong Zhonghua". "Yuan Chonghuan's Commentary" repeatedly quotes "History of the Ming Dynasty" but does not do so, which can be said to be imminent. Today, according to the above-mentioned biographies and the [Republic of China] "Dongguan County Chronicles; Chen Ce's Biography", the outline of his life is outlined:

Chen Ce, the word Chunbo, the word Yiyi, is a native of Guancheng, Dongguan County, Guangdong. In the fourth and thirteenth years of Wanli (1576 and 1585 AD), he was a martial artist in two middle schools, and in the fourteenth year, he became a jinshi, who was pacified by the Guangzhou Left Guard, and moved to Guangzhou as a general of coastal defense. In the twenty-fifth year of Wanli (A.D. 1597), he accompanied the general soldier Chen Lan to command 5,000 Guangdong soldiers to aid Korea, resisted the Japanese soldiers who invaded Korea, prepared Luliang Island, defeated the Japanese general Ping Qingzheng Yu Lu, burned the Baiping Xiuji Boat Division in the sea, and followed Chen Lan to supervise the rebellion of Yang Yinglong in Banzhou, and promoted the deputy general army of Zunyi with merit, pacified Jiannan, and served for 16 years, with great prestige. In November of the forty-seventh year of Wanli (A.D. 1619), Chen Ce was added as the general army to aid Liao, commanding the armies of Huguang and Sichuan to aid Liao, and defending Hupiyi. In March of the first year of the Apocalypse (A.D. 1621), Houjin fell into Shenyang, Chen Ce went to help, crossed the Hunhe River, and set up camp seven miles away from the city. Nurhachi waved his troops to attack, and Chen Ce fought the thirteenth. He died in battle at the age of sixty-nine. Loyalty.

Yin Shouheng, a poet from Dongguan in the Ming Dynasty, wrote a poem "Bang Chen Yisuo Zongrong":

When the Sixth Division does not show the emperor, the first brigade can come to defend Shuo. There are more than 4,000 male tigers, and the wind spreads that the grass and trees are all eagles. Lonely loyalists lack the bones of the marquis, and nine deaths would rather kill the bowels of martyrs. Han Lei Yun is connected to the bottom of the matter, and there is a unique Chen Tang in the army. He once annihilated Guan Bai into North Korea, and has beheaded Yang Chieftain Shuchuan. The ape arm used to be called a general, and the dragon head is still seen today. The imperial dome has grown up with a demonic atmosphere, and the national fortune is still full of murderous spirits. Then the hero was dusted, and he heard the beacon fire shining on the sweet spring.

Chen Ce Zhong Ancestral Hall, in the Chen Ce Lane of the teaching field outside the city of Dongguan, still exists today. The back seat of the shrine pillow Zhongshan Road, now opened as a grocery store, for the 12th, 14th, 16th Zhongshan Road. That is, the so-called "Seven Feng of the Apocalypse, Chen Ce for the Liao General's Death, and at the end of the teaching field" in the "Collection of Ancient and Modern Books; Vocational Classics; Guangzhou Prefecture Department; Ancestral Temple Examination" is also the so-called "Seven Feng Feng Jian of the Apocalypse, Chen Ce for the death of the Liao general, and at the end of the teaching field".

The stone carving of "Yuan Inspector's Posthumous Poems" in Beijing Yuan Inspector's Temple, the original "Lingnan Testament" in "Yuan Supervisor's Deeds", there is a cloud of "South Farewell Chen Yisuo's General Rong": generosity and hatred of the same day, during the hundred battles between the passes, the merit is high, and the heart is bitter and known to future generations. The elk is also in the mountains, the unicorn is suitable for painting, and it is not surprising to stay in the capital, and the autumn grass is leaving.

This poem, Zhang Bozhen's "Yuan Supervisor's Posthumous Collection", Zhang Cixi's "Yuan Supervisor's Posthumous Manuscripts" Volume 3 and Volume 1, Zhang Qigan's "Dongguan Poems" Volume 19 are also included, all of which are Yuan Chonghuan's poems. Liang Qichao's "The Biography of Yuan Inspector" also refers to this poem as Yuan Chonghuan's work, and there are comments in Note 3 of the 7th, 8th and 8th sections of "Yuan Chonghuan's Commentary", which is believed to be a poem by Yuan Chonghuan.

In my opinion, this poem is by no means written by Yuan Chonghuan for the following reasons:

1. In the first month of the second year of the Apocalypse (1622 AD), Chonghuan "looked at the capital in the capital, and Hou Sui asked him to use it exceptionally, so he was promoted to the head of the military department." No, the Guangning division was defeated, Tingyi choked the mountain customs, and Chonghuan rode out of the customs alone. ("History of the Ming Dynasty; Biography of Yuan Chonghuan") This is the beginning of Yuan Chonghuan's exit, at that time, Chen Ce's death has been anniversary, how can the two "say goodbye"?

2. Since Yuan Chonghuan raised the Jinshi in the forty-seventh year of Wanli, he only "returned to the south" once in July of the seventh year of the Apocalypse, and "the autumn grass is leaving", which is the order of the Ming Festival. At that time, Chen Ce had been dead for six years, so how could he "say goodbye"?

3. Savor the two sentences of "generosity and hatred of the day, a hundred battles in the intervals" in the poem, Chonghuan must be full of battles, infested with bullets and bullets, can only be written, from the forty-seventh year of Wanli to the first year of Taichang (1620 AD), Chonghuan did not lead the troops into battle during the term of office of Shao Wuling in Fujian; before the forty-seventh year of Wanli, Chonghuan has not yet come out, and it is impossible to "intermittently pass a hundred battles", and the content of the poem does not match the actual life of Yuan Chonghuan before the death of Chen Cezhen.

Fourth, is it possible for Yuan Chonghuan to "say goodbye" to Chen Ce before he became a leader? From the 14th to the 25th year of Wanli, Chen Ce was the commander of the Guangzhou Left Guard, the garrison of Enyang, and the general of the coastal defense of Guangzhou, all of which were near Guangzhou, even if he could "say goodbye" to Yuan Chonghuan, but not "return to the south", and Chen Ce was not a "general rong" at that time, and Yuan Chonghuan was only three to fourteen years old at the time, and there was no reason to "part". From the 25th to the 47th year of Wanli, Chen Ce conquered the "Japanese Invaders" in Korea, recruited Yang Yinglong in Guizhou, or pacified Jiannan (at the junction of Lichuan County, Hubei Province and Zhuang County, Sichuan), and at that time Yuan Chonghuan had no traces of Liaodong, Sichuan, Guizhou, and Huguang, so there was no reason to meet, let alone say goodbye.

Yuan Chonghuan's poems have been circulated very rarely, and the author has searched for many years, and only fifteen poems, including this pseudo-poem, have been obtained. This poem is very well written, I can't bear to cut it off, I really hope that someone will prove that the three words "Chen Yisuo" in the title of the poem are engraved or misprinted, and attribute the creative right of this poem to Yuan Chonghuan, who was unjustly killed because of the safety of the world.

Sixth, on the anti-intribution

The Qing people set up a counter-plot to prompt Chongzhen to kill Yuan Chonghuan, and historians have mentioned it a lot. "The Biography of Yuan Chonghuan in the History of the Ming Dynasty" said: "I will set up a room in the Qing Dynasty, saying that Chonghuan has a secret agreement, so that the eunuchs who have obtained it will know, and the yin will go." His people rushed to the emperor, and the emperor believed it. "I don't know. Wang Xianqian's "Donghualu; Three Years of Tiancong" said: "First of all, two eunuchs from the Ming Dynasty, Fu and the deputy general Gao Hongzhong, the staff general Bao Chengxian, Ning Wanme, Bangshi, and Dahai were supervised, and then returned to the army. Gao Hongzhong and Bao Chengxian complied with the secret plan given by the emperor (Lin press: referring to Huang Taiji), and sat close to the second eunuch to whisper: "Today, Governor Yuan has a secret agreement, and this matter can be settled immediately." Shi Yang eunuch pretended to lie down and eavesdropped, and remembered his words. Gengxu, the eunuch of Zongyang returned. Eunuch Yang played the words of Gao Hongzhong and Bao Chengxian in detail to Emperor Ming, and then executed Yuan Chonghuan to prison. "Donghualu" said that Emperor Taiji of the Qing Dynasty was calculated, and the time was when the Later Jin attacked Beijing.

During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the "Xiaoyuan Miscellaneous Records" volume 1 "Set up a room to punish Yuan Chonghuan" article is slightly the same as the "Donghua Lu". "The Biography of Bao Chengxian in the Qing Historical Manuscript" contains the same thing, saying that Taizong of the Qing Dynasty granted the inheritance of the first secret plan. Liang Qichao's "Biography of Inspector Yuan", Section 9, "Inspector Yuan's Wrongful Prison", records the "Donghua Lu" of the intermittent book, and specifies that "it is also a plan". Mr. Jin Yong's "Yuan Chonghuan's Commentary" 12 verses describe in detail the establishment of the interval, in which it is pointed out that "Huang Taiji has a plan in his heart" (Lin Press: refers to the anti-intermittent plan), and also says that Bao Chengxian and Ning Wan and I decided according to the clever plan given by Huang Taiji, but what about the plan from Huang Taiji? Or did someone give Huang Taiji a plan and Huang Taiji adopted it?

Huang Zongxi's "Nan Lei Wen Yue" Volume 1 "University Shiji Mountain Qian Gong Shinto Inscription" says:

In the winter of Jisi (Lin press: the second year of Chongzhen, 1629 AD), Da'ankou was lost, and the soldiers pointed directly at His Majesty, and Chonghuan sent reinforcements to the division. First of all, Chonghuan guarded Ningyuan, the soldiers repeatedly failed to attack, Taizu suffered, and Fan Xiangguo Wencheng was Jingzhang. Taizu said: "The king of the Han Dynasty used Chen Ping's strategy to make Xiang Yu suspicious of Fan Zeng and go to Chu. Fan Xiangnai said: "If Inspector Yuan is promised to dedicate the city, then this generation is my courtier, and there is no need to kill it." "When the yin and longitudinal go, the eunuch has to hear the secret on the top, and the jaw is on the top, and the court does not know. Chonghuan fought in the east of the gate, quite profitable, but the soldiers were very tired, restraining the generals not to fight, and please enter the city to rest, on the big doubts, recall the right, the city to enter, under the edict.

According to this, the plan against the plot came from Fan Wencheng. Although the text mistakenly identified Taizong as Taizu, and Fan Wencheng stayed in Zunhua (according to the "Qing Historical Manuscript: The Biography of Fan Wencheng") and mistakenly wrote the text to the city of Beijing, Huang Zongxi said that it was correct to calculate Fan Wencheng inwardly, because it can be confirmed from Zhang Chen's "Biography of Fan Wencheng". "The Biography of Fan Wencheng" clouds: "Jingzhang Fan Wencheng also entered the secret strategy, so that the rebellion went to Chonghuan" ([Republic of China] "Dongguan County Chronicles: Yuan Chonghuan Biography" citation) Huang Zongxi has always been in the south of the Yangtze River, and his words are reliable? Although Huang Zongxi was in the south of the Yangtze River, he once instigated his student Wan Sitong to help Wang Hongxu revise the "History of the Ming Dynasty", and Vance had the opportunity to see the archival materials of the Qing government. Chen Botao, the main cultivator of "Dongguan County Chronicles", was the chief editor of the History Museum in Guangxu, so he could see Zhang Chen's "Biography of Fan Wencheng". Since Huang Zongxi's words are reliable, then Fan Wencheng's reversal of Huang Taiji's plot can make up for the legacy of the history books.

It has always been said that the Qing people set up a counter-plot to kill Yuan Chonghuan in the world, and it is said that it began in "The Biography of Yuan Chonghuan in the History of the Ming Dynasty". For example, Zhaoqi's "Xiaoyuan Miscellaneous Records" Volume 1 "Set up a room to punish Yuan Chonghuan" article said: "When the record of the family but Chonghuan merit is high, kill it too much, and do not know its vain, to this dynasty to repair the "History of the Ming Dynasty", this temple is recorded as Chonghuan biography, so it is white. Mr. Jin Yong said in Note 4 in Section 13 of "Yuan Chonghuan's Commentary" that Yuan Chonghuan's unjust imprisonment was not revealed until the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. "History of the Ming Dynasty" was completed in July of the fourth year of Qianlong, in which "The Biography of Yuan Chonghuan", according to the archives of the Qing Dynasty, bluntly said how Huang Taiji used anti-intermittent tactics. Emperor Qianlong only read the record of Yuan Chonghuan in the "History of the Ming Dynasty" after several decades, and was very sympathetic to Yuan's suffering, and ordered to check whether Yuan Chonghuan had any descendants.

As far as I know, the first person to kill Yuan Chonghuan in the Qing Dynasty was Qu Dajun, a native of Guangdong (of course, the earliest person to record this matter was the Qing Dynasty Shichen who repaired the "Taizong Record" or Zhang Chen, who wrote the "Fan Wencheng Biography", but the "Taizong Shilu" or "Fan Wencheng Biography" is not visible to ordinary people, so it is not listed). Qu Dajun's poem "Hanging Yuan Supervisor Again" says:

Lao Chen was rebelled, stupid and foolish. The horse chatters three Korean blood, and the flag is flying in the dust. Pill mud is difficult to guard, and the collection of feathers destroys the wheel. One is self-giving, and no one is more detached.

(One of the five poems of "Weng Shan Poems", Volume 7, "Hanging Yuan Inspector Again")

Qu Dajun has another poem "Hanging Yuan Inspector", Mr. Wang Zongyan's masterpiece "Qu Weng Mountain Annals" records that Dajun was written in the fifteenth year of Shunzhi (AD 1658) "East out of Yuguan (omitted) hanging Yuan Inspector Waste Base", this group of poems is called "hanging again", as soon after "Hanging Yuan Inspector". Eighty-one years before the completion of the "History of the Ming Dynasty".

Secondly, it is Huang Zongxi. Huang Zongxi recorded in detail the details of Fan Wencheng's anti-plot in the "University Shiji Mountain Qian Gong Shinto Inscription". Huang Zongxi said in this Shinto inscription: "Xin Weisui. Yu to Xin'an, the grandson of the prince (Lin press: referring to the tomb owner Qian Longxi) Bailing to the inscription to see the inscription, Yu did not quit. Xin Wei, that is, the thirtieth year of Kangxi (AD 1691). Huang Zongxi said that the Qing people set up affairs, forty-eight years before the "History of the Ming Dynasty" was written.

"Jin Yong's note: Mr. Yang Baolin's examination is credible and promising, erudite and confucian, and not within the reach of the author of novels that are shallow in historical books. The above comments will be added in the next revision of "Blue Blood Sword". I am very grateful to Mr. Yang for his advice. 」

Note: Mr. Yang's article was written in 1985, when most of the place names have been changed, such as Dongguan County has become Dongguan City (prefecture level), Shijie Commune has been renamed Shijie Town, and Fucheng Commune has been renamed Dongcheng District, etc., but retaining the original appearance of the academic article is a respect for the author, so it remains the same as before, without any changes.