Chapter 222: The Battle of Fushun
Early the next morning, Gao Jie and his party had breakfast with Archmage Doroji's uncle and nephew, and then immediately set off and continued to Hetuala. Pen × fun × Pavilion www. biquge。 According to the innkeeper, Archmage Drager left the store in a hurry before dawn.
Along the way, Gao Jie thought of the complicated situation analyzed by Luo Sigong last night, his mood was heavy, and he seemed absent-minded and uninterested in Mara's ridicule and teasing.
Just after noon, they reached Fushun.
Located in the eastern part of Liaodong, Fushun is an ancient city with a long history and the closest city to Hetuala. After the Ming Dynasty emperor Zhu Yuanzhang unified the world, in order to strengthen his rule over the northeast, he built eighteen towns in Liaodong, and Fushun was one of them. The title of Fushun originates from Zhu Yuanzhang, Fu is "Fusui Frontier", and Shun is "Shun Guide Yimin". From the literal character of Fushun, we can analyze the role of this town, that is, to appease the Yimin, and the Yimin that Zhu Yuanzhang said is the Jurchen, that is, today's Jin State.
Fushun City, to the Jin State and the Jurchens are of great significance, the emperors of the Manchu Qing Dynasty passed through Fushun, will leave poems, among which the poem of the Jiaqing Emperor "Fushun City" has clouds: "Zhengming should be carried out in front of the army, God bless the emperor Qing Shi Yushi." The situation forced the lonely city to surround the strong army, and the book held a piece of paper to erect a flag. Yongfang obeyed the royal road to Hua, and Fushun Ansheng Mu Dici. Deqia Qunli expands the territory, and we have built a Hongji since then. The gist of the poem is: Nurhachi's expedition to the Ming Dynasty is in accordance with the fortune of the heavens, so the heavens wash the dust for my Zhengming division, and the strong army will besiege such a lonely city in Fushun tightly, and a letter of persuasion will be erected at the head of the city to surrender. The guard Li Yongfang returned to obedience, and Fushun was shrouded by the mercy of the first emperor. Our country's kindness and Fushun people, Daikin's territory has expanded, and a generation of grand undertakings has been laid since then.
The Battle of Fushun, although not the largest and most fierce battle between the Jin State and the Ming Dynasty, was indeed one of the battles with far-reaching influence and great significance. The last sentence of Jiaqing's poem: I have built a foundation since then. It reflects the important position of the Battle of Fushun among the Qing emperors. This battle is of great significance, it is the beginning of Nurhachi's expedition to the Ming Dynasty, and it is a milestone in Nurhachi's great cause to create a generation.
Today's Fushun City, unrecognizable, full of devastation, as far as the eye can see, there are ruins everywhere, barren grass and dead trees, except for the occasional few black crows circling in the sky above, there is no life at all, let alone human population.
"Fushun back then, it wasn't like this!" Wang Xi sighed.
Archmage Doroji dismounted, bowed to the dilapidated empty city, and then said abruptly: "War, can destroy the city, can wipe out countless lives, it's terrible!"
Gao Jie asked: "Why did Fushun City become like this? Where did the people in the city go? Could it be that they were all killed by the Jurchen troops?
Archmage Doroji shook his head and said, "No! When Li Yongfang, the garrison general of Fushun City, surrendered, one of the conditions he put forward was that the city could not be slaughtered. The Great Khan agreed to him, and also fulfilled his promise, in addition to the city still led the troops to resist the Thousand General Wang Ming Seal, the General Wang Xuedao and his soldiers annihilated, the Eight Banners Army was strictly disciplined, did not loot, did not kill the surrendered people. Later, all the captured more than 300,000 animals were transported back to Hetuala. At that time, the army only stayed in Fushun City for five days, and the Great Khan led his army to triumph, leaving 4,000 men and horses to burn Fushun City. ”
Gao Jie said: "I see, it's good that the city was not slaughtered! But why did the Great Khan burn Fushun and retreat back to Hetuala?"
Wang Rui happened to pass by at this moment, listened to Gao Jie's question, pouted and said: "Why? At that time, when Fushun was captured, the wild boar skin was just to rob people and animals, and they did not dare to occupy the city of the Ming Dynasty! The Jurchens have always had the custom of "robbing the west", and those in the west, the Ming Dynasty, they would return with a full load after almost every robbery, and the harvest of Fushun was even greater. In that year, there was a rare flood in the eastern part of Liaodong, and the territory of Jin was particularly serious. The people are hungry and cold, and the old and weak are filled. Although there was a disaster in Fushun at that time, the business was prosperous and the savings were abundant, and a large amount of food and other property could be obtained by capturing Fushun, which was the most direct reason for the use of wild boar skin in Fushun. ”
Archmage Doroji listened with great interest to Wang Rui's argument as the "guard" of the caravan, but his eyes looked at Gao Jie meaningfully.
Gao Jie understood that Wang Rui and Nurhachi had a grudge, and under the excitement, he would inevitably say something in his words that should not be said by the caravan guards, showing a little horse's feet, and he couldn't stop it if he wanted to.
Archmage Doroji also said leisurely: "Yes! Every time I pass by this place, I feel emotional, and pray for the blessing of this sad city!"
The Battle of Fushun was of great significance to the Jurchens, creating many firsts:
First of all, the Battle of Fushun was the first shot fired by the Jin State to the Ming Dynasty, before that, Nurhachi had been in Taoguang and obscurity, and the Battle of Fushun was a watershed in his strategy towards the Ming Dynasty, and since then he has embarked on the road of an open break with the Ming Dynasty, from a courtier of the Ming Dynasty to an enemy of the Ming Dynasty.
Secondly, Fushun was the first Ming city captured by Nurhachi, and although it retreated after looting, it still has special strategic significance.
Third, Li Yongfang became the first Ming general to surrender to the Jin State, and his surrender created a precedent and played a role in inheriting the past and opening up the future. Nurhachi still set up official positions for the captured Ming Dynasty officers and soldiers according to the Ming system and handed them over to Li Yongfang. Nurhachi gave Li Yongfang a very high courtesy, made him the chief military officer, and married his own granddaughter, Mang Gurtai's daughter, to Li Yongfang, and Li Yongfang became the first Han forehead in history.
In the end, the Battle of Fushun Eight Banners annihilated more than 10,000 Ming troops for the first time, Liaodong General Zhang Chengyin died in the battle, and the General Soldiers died, which was enough to shake the Ming Dynasty, and Nurhachi showed the Ming Army the majestic posture of the Eight Banners for the first time.
Archmage Doroji was very talkative, and under Gao Jie's inquiry, he also described the process of the Battle of Fushun in detail.
After Nurhachi raised his army, he first unified the Jianzhou Jurchens, and then destroyed the Wula, Huifa, and Hada tribes in the Haixi Jurchens. Only one of the last tribes, Yehe, remained of the Haixi Jurchens. At this time, the Jianzhou Jurchens were thousands of miles wide and had a growing population. Population growth inevitably requires greater living space. The land where Yeh lived was fertile and the fields were thousands of miles away, so Nurhachi locked Yeh as the next target to annex Yehe, and after destroying Yehe, the Haixi Jurchens were unified. As for the Jurchens of the East China Sea, because they live in scattered places, they can't form much power. It can be said that after the unification of the Haixi Jurchens, the entire Jurchen was basically unified.
After annexing the Hada tribe, Nurhachi tried to use troops against Yehe twice, but failed to do so due to Ming intervention. The military officers of the Ming Dynasty believed that Yehe had become the last force to contain Nurhachi at this time, and he must not be allowed to be swallowed up again. In that case, Kaiyuan City, an important town in eastern Liaodong, would be an isolated city, and it would become Nurhachi's bag. The Ming Dynasty decided to make this a reality. Therefore, they fully supported Yeh materially and militarily. The two cities of Yehe were very strong, and the Ming troops who went to reinforce them were also equipped with firearms. In addition, the Ming army in Kaiyuan City echoed it from afar, so that Nurhachi easily did not dare to use troops against it. The eastward advance was blocked, forcing Nurhachi to find another way, and suffering a heavy disaster, attacking the west to take Fushun became his only choice.
In the first year after Nurhachi established the Kingdom of Jin, the original four banners were expanded to eight banners. Each of the eight banners consists of twenty-five Niulu, each of which has 300 people, each of which has 7,500 people, and the Eight Banners is 60,000 people. The force that Nurhachi used to attack Fushun was about 20,000 men.
At that time, the Ming Dynasty had a total of 25 Wei and two prefectures in Liaodong. 5,600 people per guard, and 1,200 people under each guard. At that time, Fushun was the institute and belonged to Shenyang Zhongwei. There were about 1,200 troops.
At that time, Yehe joined forces with the Ming army, and the strength would never be less than Nurhachi, and the cities of Yehe and the second city were strong, and the Jurchens were not very sure of victory, and the casualties of attacking them were great. Fushun City is not the case, there are only 1,200 defenders, and it is easy to attack.
After setting Fushun as the goal, Nurhachi did not take it lightly because of the disparity in strength between the two sides, but made detailed and careful preparations before the battle. He first issued the "Seven Hatreds" to create public opinion, indicating the legitimate reason for sending troops to the Ming Dynasty and boosting morale; then he instigated the Mongolian Horqin and other troops to go to Fushun to ask for rewards in order to distract the attention of the Fushun defenders; and finally sent envoys to Quang Ninh to reconnoiter the enemy's situation and find out whether the defenders were prepared.
In the early morning of April 13, the 46th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (the third year of the Later Jin Mandate of Heaven, 1618), Nurhachi burned the book "Seven Hatreds" to sacrifice to the heavens, announcing the use of troops against the Ming, and a battle of historical significance finally kicked off.
At that time, there was Fushun Pass more than 30 miles east of Fushun, which was one of the important passes of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty, and of course it was used to shield the Jurchens. There is a horse market in Fushun Pass, for the Jurchens and Han people to communicate with each other. When it was first established, the Ming Dynasty was very strict in the management of the horse market, but because Nurhachi had been very deferential to the Ming Dynasty for many years, the horse market was unprecedentedly active, and the management of the horse market became increasingly relaxed.
Nurhachi led an army of 20,000 troops, divided into two routes, and traveled 30 miles at a gallop to camp in the mountain city of Gul. The next day, the troops were divided into eight routes and arrived at the outside of the desert city of Huhun and Hubei and set up camp. Then the troops were divided into two routes: one was to march to the periphery of Fushun such as Dongzhou and Magendan; One route was led by Nurhachi and Huang Taiji to lead the right wing of the Four Banners and the Eight Banners to Fushun City.
The tax revenue of Fushun Ma City is one of the important financial resources of the Fushun Ming Army, and the city guard attaches great importance to this, and on April 15, Li Yongfang opened the horse market, and merchants from all over the country gathered, which was very lively. The Later Jin general Ma Chengta sent 800 troops to pretend to be merchants and successfully entered Fushun City. The Mongolian Zaisai and Nuantu tribes instigated by the Later Jin soldiers also put on armor and set up camp on both sides of the Liao River, and entered the city at the same time to ask for rewards. Dozens of caravans loaded with ginseng and mink followed. The horse market suddenly boiled. The vanguard of the Right Route Army, the Fourth Beile Huang Taiji, led 5,000 soldiers and horses to enter Fushun Pass in chaos, and quickly approached Fushun City. Nurhachi's 5,000 men and horses also arrived. The right army is 10,000 people, and the defenders in the city are 1,200 people, the two sides have a very large disparity in strength, and the strength of Houjin is nearly ten times that of the Fushun Ming army, which is a sure victory.
Nurhachi did not rush to attack, but sent someone to send a letter of persuasion to Li Yongfang in the city. After all, Li Yongfang is an official of the imperial court, so he is willing to reduce the gold easily. After reading the letter, he immediately dressed in official clothes and went to the city to watch. He made two preparations, on the one hand, he pretended to surrender, but on the other hand, he secretly ordered his soldiers to prepare for battle. He probably wanted to test the combat effectiveness of the Jin soldiers, and if he could beat them, he would repel them, and if he couldn't, he had to surrender.
Nurhachi saw through his mind and ordered the siege of the city. The "merchants" who had already mixed into the city heard the shouts of siege and killed, so they started to move in the city, and the city was in chaos. The besieging Jin soldiers were extremely brave, and they had climbed to the top of the city to fight with the defenders. Li Yongfang, seeing that the general trend had gone, had no choice but to open the city and personally go out of the city gate to surrender. However, the thousand general kings in the city ordered the seal, and the general king Xuedao and others led their troops to resist. Nurhachi swung his army into the city and annihilated the two men and their resisting soldiers. Fushun City fell into the hands of Houjin.
The Jin forces attacking Dongju and Magendan won one after another. Li Hongzu, the general of Dongzhou, was killed in battle, more than 220 soldiers were plundered, and Li Dacheng, a garrison of Magendan, and more than 160 soldiers and civilians were captured. The Ming army lost nearly 1,000 officers and soldiers. With the three cities as the center, it affected 115 platforms and forts, and the land exceeded 100 miles, and the Jin State captured nearly 300,000 people and animals. On the fifth day of the fall of Fushun, Zhang Chengyin, the general soldier of the Ming Dynasty, led more than 10,000 reinforcements to slowly arrive. When the Ming army arrived outside the southern wall of Fushun City, the Mongolian Zaisai and Nuantu battalions were still assembled on the west bank of the Liao River; Chahardan Khan's soldiers and horses pressed from west to east, and the troops of the Fried Flower Department were outside the Jingbao (near the Baichang Gate in present-day Beizhen, Liaoning). The Houjin soldiers gathered in the east of Fushun, echoing with the west of the city, so frightened that the Ming army did not dare to fight, but only lined up in battalions and followed the Houjin army behind the eastward direction. When Nurhachi was informed, he immediately ordered the Great Belle Daishan and the Four Beyler Emperor Taiji to take advantage of the situation to fight back. The Shi Ming army was divided into three places, digging trenches, and arranging firearms. Zhang Chengyin attempted to fight a decisive battle with Houjin by dividing the three battalions.
On 21 April, the two sides fought fiercely outside the eastern border of Fushun Guan. The Jin soldiers risked their lives to fall into battle, and when the battle was short, they were about to besiege the three major battalions of the Ming army. The Ming army was invincible, and the guerrilla Liu Yujie of the right battalion took the lead in escaping, and the battalions broke out one after another. The Houjin soldiers then pursued and killed, and the Ming army suffered numerous casualties. More than 50 people, including Zhang Chengyin, the chief soldier, the deputy general, the staff general, the guerrilla, the general officer, and the general general, were killed. The Houjin army pursued and killed more than 40 miles, annihilated 89 out of 10 reinforcements of the Ming Dynasty, and obtained more than 9,000 horses, more than 7,000 pairs of armor, and other equipment.
At this point, the battle of Fushun ended with the victory of the Jurchens.
Gao Jie listened to Archmage Doroji's account of the Battle of Fushun, and looked back at the dilapidated dead city that was fading away behind him, as if he saw the killings, tricks, betrayals, and the heads of the victors in that battle.
After a night's rest in a small town, Gao Jie and the others set off again, and according to Wang Xi, they would feel Hetuara before dusk.
To the south of Hetuala, there is a wooded hill called Abu Dali Gang
, and the official road to the city of Hetuara is passing under the hill.
They were riding slowly at the bottom of the hill when they suddenly noticed a tall and muscular man standing by the woods on the hill. The man was unkempt and ragged, and he looked down at them with a blank face.
When approaching Abu Dali Gang, Gao Jie felt that something was wrong with Wang Rui and Wang Xi, and his emotions seemed to be gradually out of control, and when the two of them saw the burly man on the hill, they suddenly jumped up from the horse and swept towards the hill quickly, and the target was the big man who looked like a beggar.