Regarding the situation of Li Zicheng, the famous peasant uprising leader in the last years of the Ming Dynasty, and the Li clan, the public and private histories are different. In addition, most of these chronicles were written by feudal literati, so it is inevitable that they will be distorted or tampered with. In this way, it has brought many unfavorable factors and limitations to future generations to study the history of Li Zicheng. The author has conducted some investigations on the situation of Li Zicheng and his family, and now I will conduct research on the situation of Li Zicheng and his family based on relevant historical books, chronicles, and archival materials.

1. The situation of Li Zicheng's clan

Li Zicheng clan belongs to the second class Li surname in Tai'anli, Mizhi (now Mizhi County, Shaanxi Province). In addition to Li Zicheng, this family also had his uncles Li Shouyi, Li Shouzheng, and Li Shouxin, his brothers Li Ziming, Li Zigang, and Li Ziqiang, his brother Li Guo, his nephews Li Shi, Li Zun, Li Di, Li Zi, Li Da, Li Tong, Li Luo, and Li You, and his grandsons Li Shiheng, Li Qiheng, Li Yunheng, Li Laiheng, and Li Shiheng joined the rebel army. This branch of the Li family is originally from the Li family station of Haihui Temple, 80 miles north of Mizhi City. This is through the research of Li Dingming (an enlightened gentleman, former vice chairman of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo Border District Government), Li Wenhua of Xiaosangping (the father of Li Baozhong, the author of "The Romance of Yongchang"), and Li Gaozhi of Gaoqu. When Li Zicheng was the great-great-grandfather, because of the poverty of his family and the compulsion of life, he moved to Li Jiqian Village, more than 130 miles of Mizhi West Township (now Li Jixian Village, Dianshi Town, Hengshan County, Shaanxi) to pioneer the field. Great-grandfather Li Shifu, who lived a good life and died early. His grandfather, Lehi, was a tenant farmer who raised donkeys and horses for a living, toiled all his life, and died of a serious illness. Li Zicheng's father, Li Shouzhong (a Yin), was also a farmer and married Lu Shi, the daughter of a farmer in Mizhi Huaiyuanbao. First, "loyal and childless" [1], "both with nephew Li Zili as the second" [2]. Self-reliance, a fame. After more than 20 years of loyal marriage, Li Zicheng was born. Soon after Zicheng was born, he died of illness, leaving behind a son named Li Guo. When Li Zicheng was a child, the township suffered a series of disasters, Li Shouzhong's family business was ruined, and his family moved from Li Jiqian Village to Changyao Yan (now Shiyaogou Township, Hengshan County), 40 miles south of the village. When Zicheng was 13 years old, his mother was forced to death by the landlord Ai Changjin. In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), Li Zicheng established Dashun in Xi'an, "respecting his mother Lu as the empress dowager" [3]. Regarding Li Zicheng's mother, there are also Gao, Liu, Jin, etc. He also said that the Liu family (or the Jin family) could not be physiologically because of the chaos in the township, so he moved to Ningxia with the flow of people and remarried a soldier. Later, because her husband died in battle, she remarried a town soldier. According to Li Wenzhi's "Late Ming Mutiny", citing books such as "Ming Ji Beiluo", "Suikou Jiluo", and "Yansui Zhenzhi", they all thought that Li Zicheng's mother was not surnamed Gao, and Gao Yingxiang was not a relative. Books such as "Huaiyuan County Chronicles", "Mizhi County Chronicles", "Yansui Town Chronicles", and "Yansui Range Rover" record that Li Zicheng's mother was Lü, not Gao, Liu, or Jin. In particular, the "Chronicles of Mizhi County" and "Chronicles of Yansui Town" were first revised around the tenth year of Kangxi, when the Lu family had passed away only more than 50 years ago; The "Yansui Zhenzhi" says that when Li Zicheng established the Dashun regime in Xi'an, he "respected his mother Lü as the empress dowager." Why didn't he posthumously crown the Gao family, the Liu family, or the Jin family? This is the most powerful explanation. When Li Zicheng was 20 years old, his father Li Shouzhong couldn't afford to fall ill. After his death, he was buried in Sanfengzi, Huaiyuanbao (now Wuzhen Township, Hengshan County). After Li Zicheng's army was defeated, Azige, the prince of Qingying, led his army to cross the Yellow River west to Mizhi and Yulin, killed Li Zicheng and his family, surrounded Li Jiqianzhai and Lijiazhan, and killed them all. When the Li people heard the news, they avoided moving and changed the surname Li to the surname Ye, so that they could go into hiding. There are many people with the surname Ye in dozens of villages such as Shangyanwan in Yulin and Yejia Station in Mizhi, and their ancestor was surnamed Ye at the time, and after his death, the surname Li was written in the tomb tile shrine. In the middle of the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Yulin Yelan (the word 澹元, once served as the prefect, cabinet secretary and other positions) when repairing the Ye clan genealogy, researched his ancestral lineage, the ancestor was named Hai, Shouzhong, and Li Zicheng's ancestor and father name are the same. In the third year of Kangxi (1664), Li Guo's adopted son Li Laiheng was defeated in Maolu Mountain, Xingshan County, western Hubei Province, and the Dashun army was finally wiped out. After that, Li Guo's young son Shiheng sent a branch to Yunnan, Li Di a branch settled in Shanxi, and Li Tong a branch settled in Hanzhong.

2. The teenage Li Zicheng and his uprising

Li Zicheng was born in Li Jiqian Village, Shuangquanbao, Mizhi County, and the saying in northern Shaanxi is Zicheng: "Born in Li Jixian, grew up in Chang Yan". Li Jixian Village is what the history books call Li Jiqian Village. I don't know what the name of this village was before the Song Dynasty. Later, Li Jiqian, the lord of the Western Xia Dynasty, once garrisoned here, so he changed his name to Li Jiqian. Li Ji moved to the village, and belonged to Shuangquan Fort in Mizhi County during the Ming Dynasty, so the history books said that Li Zicheng was a Mizhi person. According to the current zoning, Li Jixian Village is already in the hinterland of Hengshan County. It should be said that Li Zicheng is a native of Li Jixian Village, Dianshi Town, Hengshan County. Li Zicheng was born in the Ming Dynasty in the "34th year of Wanli (1606) Bingwu May" [4]. Because his father Li Shouzhong had no children, he once went to Huashan in Mizhi to ask for a son, so he gave birth to Li Zicheng called Hua Laier (or Huang Laier). According to Uncle Xia Zhen's "Notes on Borrowing the Mountain" and "Tang Bao of Mizhi County, Yan'an Prefecture on the 14th day of the first month of the 15th year of Chongzhen", Li Zicheng was a monk when he was young, and he was also a monk. Li Zi's original name was Hongji (small character 硙生), later called Zicheng, and changed his name to Zisheng when the Dashun regime was established in Xi'an. Before the age of 20, Li Zicheng had been living in Huaiyuanbao, Li Jiqianzhai and Chang Yan. When he was 7 years old, he and his brother Li Guo went to study in Chang Yan's Yixue, and at the same time herded sheep for the Ji family. After his mother's death, he dropped out of school due to poverty, went home to farm, helped his father sell porcelain, and let others go to Yan'an to learn martial arts with Luo Junyan. After his father died of poverty and illness, a little of the family's property and land were sold out. Because of his lack of plans for life, Li Zicheng worked as a wine maid and a cook. When he was 20 years old, he was recruited to Yinchuan Post (now Dangcha Township, Hengshan County), 80 miles away from Mizhi County at that time, as a post officer, delivering official correspondence from Yinchuan Post to Yan'an. In the spring of the second year of Chongzhen (1629), because of the famine in Yan'an and Suide, Li Zicheng was laid off by the post station. After returning to the village, he served as a lieutenant. Because of poverty, he borrowed a sum of money from Ai Tongzhi, but he couldn't repay it at once, and was sued by Ai Tongzhi to the county office. Yan Zibin of Mizhi County sent people to arrest Li Zicheng, put on a wooden flail and shackles and walked down the street in the scorching sun. The poor brothers who had been post guards with him fought for their own injustice, and opened the prison and let him go. After Li Zicheng left, he and Li Guo went to serve as soldiers under Mei Zhihuan, the governor of Gansu. Because of his courage in battle, he became the commander. In late October, Huang Taiji led the Houjin army into the fortress, and in early November, martial law was imposed in Beijing, and the Ming court summoned the soldiers of each town to "Qin Wang". Li Zicheng traveled east with the general kingdom, passing through Jincheng County (now Yuzhong County, Gansu), and the soldiers mutinied because of lack of pay, Zicheng took the lead in tying up Zhixian County to ask for wages, and angrily killed the kingdom, raised troops to revolt, and operated in central and northern Shaanxi [5]. According to Kangxi's "Mizhi County Chronicles": in the third year of Chongzhen (1630), Li Zicheng led his troops to participate in the peasant rebellion led by Wang Zuohang. After Wang Zuohang surrendered to the Ming Dynasty, he changed to non-sticky mud Zhang Cunmeng. At the beginning of the summer of the fourth year of Chongzhen, in the battle of capturing Jiazhou (now Jia County, Shaanxi) and Mizhi, the non-sticky mud was captured, and Li Zicheng led the crowd to join the subordinates of Gao Yingxiang, the king of Chuang, as a general, called "Chuang General". In December of the sixth year of Chongzhen (1633), he fought in Hebei, Henan and other places, and Li Guo, Li Mu, Bai Guangen, Li Shuangxi, Gu Junen, Gao Jie and others established themselves as an army and supported Li Zicheng as the commander. In May of the ninth year of Chongzhen (1636), Li Zicheng killed Yu Chongxiao, the general soldier of Yansui in Anding (now Zichang County, Shaanxi), and the military prestige was greatly boosted, and people joined the rebel army one after another. According to the "Mizhi County Chronicle": Seven or eight out of ten people follow it. In July, Gao Yingxiang was captured by Sun Chuanting of the Ming Dynasty at Heishuiyu in Xugu (present-day Zhouzhi County, Shaanxi), and later killed in Beijing. The rebel army elected Li Zicheng as the successor to "King Chuang".

Three Li Zicheng's wives and concubines

Li Zicheng is "not good at wine", "sex is unrestrained, food is tasteless, one wife and one concubine are all old women, and there are no servants". His wife and concubine had no children before, with Li Shuangxi as his adopted son, and Zhang Nai and others as his adopted sons. Li Shuangxi and Zhang Nai, after the defeat of a stone army, were killed in Shaanxi (Weinan) and Hunan successively. Ding Ling, a famous writer and daughter of the Jiang family in Linli, Hunan, said in the article: She is a descendant of Li Zicheng. Li Zicheng was defeated, and once entrusted one of his sons to the Jiang family to raise, and left a property, which changed the poor life of the Jiang family. Li Zicheng's wife was named Han Jin'er, and according to the "Ming Ji Beiluo", they were married in the third year of the Apocalypse (1623). In the year of Chongzhen, Li Zicheng went to Yan'an, and Han Jin'er had an affair with the county servant Gai Junlu (a Gai Huer), and was found and killed by Li Zicheng. Li Zicheng's second wife, Gao, married Gao and gave birth to a daughter, Niu Jinxing voted for Zicheng, and became one of these daughters' wives [6]. The Gao family is a native of Wanfengli, Mizhi Hexi, and is the younger sister of Gao Ligong, a general of the peasant rebel army, and the sister of Gao Yigong. "Yansui Zhenzhi" and "Yansui Range Rover" said that after they got married, Gao fought with the peasant army, was in charge of military food in the army, and was respected as the head of Gao. After Cheng led the army to capture Beijing, he named Gao as the queen. After the defeat of Li Zicheng's rebel army, Gao, Li Guo and others stationed troops in the vicinity of Lizhou and Changde (both in present-day Hunan Province). In September of the second year of Shunzhi (1645), she led the troops to join the Qing army against the Qing army by He Tengjiao, the general of the Ming army on the battlefield of Hunan and Hubei. After returning to the Southern Ming Dynasty, Tang King Zhu Yujian named Gao as Mrs. Zhenyi. He Tengjiao died in defeat in Xiangtan, and the Gao family defected to Emperor Yongli again, and was named Mrs. Chixin by Zhu Youlang, the king of Gui. Later, he was stationed in Hubei, but the siege of Jingzhou was unsuccessful, and the old camp left behind in the lawn was outflanked by the Qing Dynasty army, with heavy losses, and Gao died in Lizhou [7]. Li Zicheng's concubine Xing is a native of the Xing family in Huaiyuan Fort, and she is delicate and martial. It turned out that he was in Gao Yingxiang's army, and later followed Li Zicheng to manage the grain and straw in the army, and was called Xing Hongniang, Yizhangqing, or Mrs. Hong by the soldiers. According to the "History of the Ming Dynasty", "Ming Ji Beiluo", "Huailing Liukou Always Record", "Bonfire Record" and other historical records: Xing's fornication pioneer Gao Jie, was later discovered by Li Zicheng, Gao Jie was afraid that he would be killed, and in August of the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635), he robbed Xing's surrender to the Ming Dynasty's general soldier He Renlong. Gao Jie once told people that I wanted Xing's to help myself, not to covet her beauty. Later, Xing served with Gao Jie under Shi Kefa's account. On the thirteenth day of the first month of the second year of Shunzhi, Gao Jie was killed by the rebel general Xu Dingguo, and Xing took charge of the army. After Yangzhou was captured by the Qing army, Shi Kefa died, and Xing led the troops to surrender to the Qing Dynasty Yu Prince Duoduo. Li Zicheng also has concubines such as Chen and Dou. According to Yuan Liangyi's "Peasant War in the Late Ming Dynasty", after Li Zicheng captured Beijing, "three or four of the palace maids beside him were called Concubine Dou and Concubine Du."

Fourth, Li Zicheng Zen hidden mountain temple

After the Qing troops entered the customs, Li Zicheng withdrew from Beijing in April of the first year of Shunzhi (1644) and retreated to Xi'an. In February of the following year, the army moved to Jingxiang, and in early April, the army arrived in Wuchang, and on April 24, "it was from Jinniu and Baoan, and went to Yanning and Puqi"[8], making a strategic transfer to Hunan. Li Zicheng withdrew to the south, without any Qing troops chasing him, and Azig "arrived in Yingxing on March 26, went to Xiaogan in April, and stayed for a few days before arriving in Hanyang" [9]. When the Qing army entered Huguang, the main force of the rebel army had already withdrawn, so Azig threw himself everywhere, "alone and self-contained" [10], so he continued to pursue eastward along the Yangtze River until he reached Jiujiang. At this time, the main force of the rebel army had all been smoothly withdrawn along the Yangtze River to Hunan, and 400,000 to 500,000 troops had appeared in the area of hundreds of miles from Yueyang to Lizhou in May of the second year of Shunzhi. In order to avoid the real and make up for the hypocrisy, preserve the strength, and wait for the resurgence of the East Mountain, Li Zicheng, as the culprit of the Ming and Qing dynasties who regarded the two dynasties as the "two dynasties", according to the situation at that time, decided that he should not fight against the Qing army at the same time as the Southern Ming army, made a major adjustment to the struggle strategy, and determined the policy of "uniting the Ming Dynasty to resist the Qing Dynasty". In order to facilitate the alliance and narrow the target, Li Zicheng "set up suspicions and killed him" in order to "slow down the pursuit and get out." On the one hand, the strategy of "Li Dai Tao Stiff" and "Golden Cicada Shelling" was adopted to make He Tengjiao believe that he was dead, "crying all over the camp" and "everyone with the same words" to relieve the suspicion of the Southern Ming monarchs and ministers. On the other hand, "making his wife and nephew beg to surrender" completed the alliance with Nanming around September, "and the public security has not escaped" [11]. Because Li Zicheng faked his death, the so-called Jiugongshan was "killed" by Cheng Jiubo (Cheng Jiubo said that he killed Li Yan) was a deceptive move by He Tengjiao of the Southern Ming Dynasty and Azig of the Qing Army to invite merit, and there was no exact basis at that time. In fact, none of the three parties involved in the Qing court, the Southern Ming Dynasty, and the Great Shun were certain that Li Zicheng was dead. According to the "Book of Waste", the name of the person killed by Cheng Jiubo is unknown, and afterwards "when he found out to the county, Cheng himself refused to confess ......". Han Changgeng and Xiang Xianghai, the authors of "Li Zicheng's Interpretation of Tongshan", followed Azig to chase the Dashun army and participate in the battle of the upper reaches of Jiujiang, especially the biographies of the generals who had entered the Xingguo one by one, and no one chased Li Zicheng in Tongshan, let alone said that Li Zicheng died in Jiugong Mountain. He Tengjiao has never led his troops to Jiugong Mountain, how do you know the "situation of destroying thieves?" In fact, the rebel army did not pass through Jiugong Mountain. Later, Azig attacked Li Zicheng's two small forces from this section of Wuchang, namely the Baiwang division on the north bank of the Yangtze River in northeastern Hubei Province and the Wu Ruyi division on the south bank of the Yangtze River. In particular, in the archives of the Qing Palace, there were 186 pieces of music in the 18 years of the Shunzhi Dynasty, including 6 cases involving Li Zicheng's death. The main basis for Li Zicheng's death in Jiugongshan is nothing more than Azig's "Jiashen Shu Bao" and Nanming He Tengjiao's "Thief Ambush Shu", "Tongshan Cheng's Genealogy", "Tongshan County Chronicles" and "Jiashen Yi Chuangzhi". These historical records do not stand up to verification and careful analysis. First of all, the Qing regent Dolgon once denied that Li Zicheng died on Jiugong Mountain. On July 22, the second year of Shunzhi, a month and a half after Azig reported to the Qing court that Li Zicheng had died, Dolgon rebuked Azig and said: "...... You first said that the thieves had been destroyed, Li Zicheng was dead, and the thieves and soldiers were all eliminated, so they told the temple of heaven and earth and preached to China and the world. Later, he said that it was true that he had died by himself, and he had defeated the thieves thirteen times. The first to say that the thieves and soldiers were wiped out is a lie. Now I heard that I had escaped, and now I am in Jiangxi. [12] In the archives of the Qing Dynasty, there is also a "Biography of the Meritorious Achievements of the Princes of the King James Dynasty", which states: "Prince Azig of England is not pure-hearted, and he has ...... reported that he has died", and Azig was severely punished for this, and was fined 5,000 taels of silver, which was reduced to the common people. Tang King Zhu Yujian also did not admit that Li Zicheng died in Jiugong Mountain. According to Nanming's "Yongli Record": "Emperor Sheng'an edicted the world: there are those who can capture and behead Li Zicheng, the prince of the world, Lu Wanshi, and Xu Da." So why did He Tengjiao, who reported that Li Zicheng was killed in Jiugong Mountain, not receive this reward, but was only named "Dingxing Shibo"? As the "History of the Ming Dynasty" says, the Tang Dynasty "suspected that he had become a dead man." And repeatedly asked: "The situation is really strong, and the gang is really public, why did you die at the hands of the Jiugong Mountain group training?" and asked: "If you are dead in rebellion, it is advisable to show the letter to the first level, why can't the first level be obtained?" [13] Therefore, it caused a twist and turn in the Southern Ming Dynasty, and Zai Fu and Yu Shi broke up to expose the rumors reported by He Tengjiao as just unreliable. Guo Weijing, the imperial historian, said: "It is rumored that he died in Jiugong Mountain, in Ningzhou, Jiangxi. It is rumored that he died in May, and the department descended in July, Tengjiao is known, and it is reported after years. It is not appropriate to carry out the big prize. and whether he will die or live, or die by Wu Sangui's pursuers, or die from the stick blows of the township regiment, it is unknown ......" [14]. On the part of the rebel army, when "there were more than 500,000 people"[15] and within his sphere of influence, how could Li Zicheng "leave Li to guard the village and lead 20 horsemen to plunder the mountains"[16]? If he had been "killed" by Cheng Jiubo, how could his body have decomposed after his death, and Gao and Li Guo had not yet searched for a burial and waited for the Qing army to come to "examine his body," so that "the corpse was indistinguishable"? How could the murderer Cheng Jiubo calmly raise his head and go to see Tong Yanghe, the governor of the Qing Dynasty, a month and a half later? Why did the Dashun army not pursue Cheng Jiubo? These signs show that Li Zicheng did not die. "Li Zicheng's defeat is also, by the public security to go to Li, escape to the temple for the monk...... "Qing Dynasty Qianlong Lizhou Zhizhou He Li Zhi "After the Biography of Li Zicheng" identified "monk Shunzhi entered the temple in the early years", self-proclaimed Fengtianyu monk, "it is Li Zicheng is undoubted". Guangxu continued to revise the "Mizhi County Chronicles" volume 10 recorded: "After the defeat, the army was defeated, and he rode at the rate of several horses, begging for food in the mountains, and did not know what to do." It is rumored that it is a monk in the mountain, there are several monks, all of them are fierce and evil, not like Shamen, often sitting, not chanting scriptures, and then the total of the stubborn, the tree is said to be 'Fengtianyu monk'. Gai Zicheng was the king of Fengtian at the beginning, which still implied its meaning. Taste the recitation of the poem: 'When you come to do evil, you are still afraid, and you will go to see the scriptures and the Buddha will not work.' 'The second language is just a person. Li Zicheng once wrote many poems in Lingquan Temple, Jiashan, Shimen, Hunan, one of which is a cloud:

The heroic generation went to the Wanderer, and a large piece of empty body was left for a hundred battles. Smash the universe to shock the sun and the moon, step over the universe and walk the thunder. When I come to do evil, I am still afraid, and I will go to see the scriptures and the Buddha will not work. The career goes with the flowing water, and the meditation room wakes up from the dream.

This poem was not only copied in Mizhi, Hengshan, Yulin and other places in Shaanxi, but also collected in the hands of a farmer in Liangjing Village, Yanzishan Township, Shimen County Cultural Center in Hunan Province. Zhang Taiyan, a master of Chinese culture at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, visited Li Zicheng's plum blossom poems in Shimen and got five poems. According to the sentence "The Generations Knew the Crane Weng" in the poem "Bamboo Plum", Zhang Taiyan believes that Li Zicheng is really a monk in Jiashan. And according to common sense, the "History of the Ming Dynasty" Zicheng's death in Jiugongshan put forward "six unbelievable", pointing out that "Zicheng's death is not conclusive". Moreover, Shimen and other places have also discovered and excavated the tomb of the monk Fengtianyu and the tomb of the monk Yefu, and obtained some important cultural relics, which provided a lot of evidence for the monk Fengtianyu is Li Zicheng. The authors of "Jiashan Ji" Yan Shousheng (Huarong Dongshan monk), Huguang Xiaolian, Zhang Zongbo, etc., informed the people of the time from their personal experiences that the monk Fengtianyu was Li Zicheng. In particular, if He Lizhou, the governor of Lizhou, did not have sufficient evidence, he would never dare to correct the fallacy of the "History of the Ming Dynasty" and say that Li Zicheng did not die and became a monk in Jiashan. According to the woodcut fragment of the "Zhina Writings" and the Honglu Fengtian monk tower inscription: "The summer moon at the end of Xin" (the 34th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, that is, 1606) was the "birth period" of the monk Fengtianyu, and he died of illness "in March of the year of Jiayin", that is, in the thirteenth year of Kangxi (1674), Li Zicheng died at the age of 68. It is no coincidence that his "birthday" also coincides with Li Zicheng's birthday. In the eighth year of Tongzhi, Shimen Shen Zhengyang compiled and repaired the "Shimen County Chronicles" cloud: "Fengtian jade tomb is on the west slope of Jiashan Road, with Fengtianyu monk that is, Li Zicheng, it seems to be sure that there is a purple stone archway in the past, making magnificent, smashed by the parties, and trying to report the corpse to the official, but failed. It can be seen that the rulers of Shimen at that time mobilized the people to dig the tomb, break into the king's tomb, knock down the stele tower archway, and smash the dragon pillar of the Golden Palace, because the monk Fengtianyu was Li Zicheng. If Monk Fengtianyu were not Li Zicheng, these people in power would not have been so energetic in searching for the corpse and reporting to the officials to ask for merit and reward. Bao Yangsheng's "A Brief Record of the Jiashen Dynasty" contains the historical facts that Li Zicheng was still alive in the first and second years of Kangxi. Cili, a neighboring county in Shimen, discovered the tomb of the monk Yefu, a close disciple of Fengtianyu, which also corroborated Fengtianyu's Li Zicheng. In particular, the inscription of the great monk of Fengtian Jade and the remnant monument of the wild whisk are clearly engraved with "make up for the inscription". According to the "Mizhi Feng Family Tree" volume 7 "Art and Literature": ""Yun Tan Gong Relics" cloud, "supplement" is Li Guo's character, and he is Li Zicheng's general. The "History of the Bloodshed of the Ming Dynasty" (also known as the "History of Blood, Red and Tears") written by Ye Fu, which was printed in the Kangxi year in the possession of the Mizhi people, records the combat experience of Li Zicheng leading the peasant rebel army to overthrow the Ming Dynasty, and the book also writes about the deeds of Ye Fu and Yu Qingen and others and Li Zicheng becoming monks in Jiashan. Hunan's "Yongding County Native Chronicles, Tianmen Mountain Temple" wrote: "According to legend, there is a wild whisk from Jiashan Temple in the Ming Season. Ye Fu was a thief and a thief, and he was defeated and cut his hair as a monk, and he escaped from heaven. Kangxi's "Rebuilding the Meritorious Monument of Jiashan Lingquan" records: Ye Fu entered the temple in the ninth year of Shunzhi, Jiashan for three years, Deshan for three years, Jiashan for another three years (for Li Zicheng to keep filial piety), Luopu for three years. Ye Fu moved to Luopu Temple to offer a wooden tablet of the monk of Fengtianyu, and the existing Shimen Cultural Center. Ci Liye brushed the tombstone cloud: "The old Zen master Wufu was born in the Ming Dynasty and finally cleared ...... Take advantage of the momentum of smashing the sea and turning the river, and dare to chase Koulin. Wait for the day to restore the Central Plains, draw the sword and ascend the altar, and want to sweep away the world. The king of Wu fought in Guizhou, chasing ('chasing' should be trained as 'Sui', see "Guangyun") Li Chuang in Lishui. It is not as good as riding a horse, and there is no way to show the road of wind and clouds, and it is to chase the deer and do nothing, but the ......habitat of the Ganquan Stone" All these are enough to prove that the great monk of Fengtian Yu is the generalissimo of Fengtian Advocate Righteousness - Li Zicheng. According to Shi Cheng, Li Guo died of illness in Guangxi or Guizhou in the seventh year (or sixth year) of Shunzhi, which obviously belonged to the Dashun army's plan of "golden cicada out of the shell", and only in this way could Li Guo be able to live in seclusion in Jiashan and other places relatively safely, which was as effective as Li Zicheng's "suspicion and death".

Gao Langxuan's "Notes on Idle Conversations" and "Yansui Town Chronicles" and "Mizhi County Chronicles" record that after Li Zicheng's death, Gao Ligong, who became a monk with him, "sneaked back to the township" and returned to Huludan Village, 60 miles west of the Mizhi River. Because he and Li Zicheng started as a post pawn together, and later rebelled, became a monk and lived together for 50 years, the old and young in the village often invited him to tell the story of Li Zicheng and the peasant rebel army fighting in the south and the north and the story of becoming a monk in the mountain.